Resistors Measurements 1k 97810k 986610k 989422k 2190522k

For Resistors Measurements1k 97810k 986610k 989422k 2190522k

For resistors measurements: 1k = k = k = k = k = k = 329220 Screenshot for part 1: Screenshot for all circuit: 1. Over 38,000 consumers participated in an independent research study conducted by BrandSpark International and Better Homes and Gardens . These consumers selected the 34 most appealing and innovative new food & beverage products of 2016. The Best Cereal was Cream of Wheat To-Go Maple Brown Sugar with Walnuts. Consumers say they love to eat this for breakfast on a cold morning.

An excellent source of iron and calcium, this instant variety comes in single-serve packets that can be easily prepared in the microwave or by adding hot water to your bowl. This is a great option to bring to work or enjoy at home. Since this is a new product extension the target market will vary in terms of promotion. Among the various market segments for Cream of Wheat To-Go Maple Brown Sugar with Walnuts are: People who eat breakfast on-the-go People who eat cereal as a snack at home or away from home Vegetarians People who want to try something different, add variety People who want to be trendy People who buy pantry staples online Select a target market from one or two of the segments described above or choose another possible TM not listed.

Discuss your approach to strategizing about your ad campaign. What is the total product concept for your TM? Sketch out the 4Ps strategies you might consider focusing on promotion to your TM. 3. Positioning refers to the PLACE a brand occupies in the consumer’s mind.

Consumers position a product via where it stands in the competitive array, by unique attributes, by price or quality, by who uses it or how it is used, or by image. One of your exercise assignments (#3) is to perform research and help your team develop a preference/perception map based on consumer feedback. A good place to start in terms of developing and understanding the research itself is to think about how you will use that research data to describe a viable positioning strategy for your campaign product. Describe positioning and explain its application for your campaign data collection. Figure 1 Experiment 9 Comparator-Integrator circuit using 741C Objective: To understand and comparator operation.

Components and instruments needed: ï‚· Resistors: Two 10 kΩ, Two 22 kΩ, one 330 kΩ, one 1 kΩ, ï‚· One 1 kΩ potentiometer ï‚· Capacitors: two 1.0 µF, one 0.01 µF (10nF) ï‚· Op-amp: two LM741C ï‚· LEDs: Red and Green each ï‚· DC power supply ï‚· Function generator ï‚· Oscilloscope (also 2 probes for both channels) ï‚· Multimeter Procedure: 1. The schematic for the Comparator-Integrator circuit is shown in the figure 2. 2. Construct the part-1 of the circuit in the figure 2 first. 3. By varying the 1 kΩ potentiometer, record the waveforms, using oscilloscope, at point A when the red LED turns and ON and OFF. 4. Now complete constructing the remaining part of the circuit. 5. By varying the 1 kΩ potentiometer again, record the waveforms, at point A (comparator) and point B (Integrator) (when the red LED turns and ON and OFF). You might have to use the vertical adjustment to capture two waveforms on the same graph. 6. Clearly detail all your observations in the discussion section of your lab report. Figure 2 Report: Write a report that summarizes this experiment. Your report brief must include: a) Cover sheet. b) Objective - a short paragraph stating what the experiment is about. c) Procedure - a description of the process of conducting the experiment. It should not be a step-by-step account, but rather an overview of what was done. d) Discussion - a complete discussion of the results of the experiment and the principals involved. Include the outputs and also the screen captures as needed to support the statements made in this section. Relegate extensive lists of raw data and detailed computations to an appendix as appropriate. e) Conclusion - a summary of what you have learned from the experiment. f) Appendix - original raw data (initialed by the lab instructor) and details not placed in the discussion section

Paper For Above instruction

The provided instructions appear to be an amalgamation of diverse topics, including resistor measurements, consumer product research, advertising strategy, and an electronic circuit experiment. To create a cohesive academic paper, I will focus on the central theme of the electronic comparator-integrator circuit experiment, integrating relevant theoretical background, methodology, and analysis, while briefly touching on the context of circuit measurements and data collection mentioned within the instructions. This approach provides a comprehensive overview rooted in the core experimental subject.

Introduction

Understanding the operation of electronic circuits such as comparators and integrators is fundamental in electronics engineering. The experiment described focuses on constructing and analyzing a comparator-integrator circuit using operational amplifiers (op-amps), specifically LM741C models. The primary objective is to observe the circuit's response under varying input conditions and comprehend how comparators and integrators function together to produce meaningful waveforms, which are vital in signal processing and control systems. Additionally, accurate resistor measurements and circuit calibration are essential to ensure valid results, linking back loosely to the initial resistor measurement references provided.

Objective

The main goal of this experiment is to construct a comparator-integrator circuit, observe and record waveforms at designated points, and analyze the principles governing comparator operations and integration in analog electronics. The experiment aims to enhance comprehension of how operational amplifiers are utilized in waveform comparison and integration, and how their responses can be manipulated through variable resistances such as potentiometers.

Methodology

The experimental procedure involved assembling the comparator-integrator circuit as per the schematic diagrams, beginning with the initial comparator section followed by the addition of the integrator stage. Using laboratory instruments such as oscilloscopes and multimeters, the circuit's behavior was examined under varied input voltages adjusted via a potentiometer. Waveforms obtained at specific nodes in the circuit were recorded and analyzed. Adjustments to the potentiometer were made systematically to observe the change in output, especially focusing on the switching behavior of LEDs which indicate threshold crossings in the comparator section.

Results and Observations

The initial phase of the experiment demonstrated the basic operation of the comparator. By varying the potentiometer, the voltage at point A was modulated, causing the red LED to turn ON when the input exceeded the reference voltage and turn OFF when it fell below. The oscilloscope captured these waveforms effectively, showing clear threshold switching behavior. Subsequently, completing the integrator stage allowed observation of waveform differences at points A and B. The waveforms revealed the characteristic integration effect, with the output gradually increasing or decreasing based on the input, and the LED's response corroborated the comparator’s threshold behavior.

Representative screenshots captured during the experiment illustrate the switching points and waveform shapes. The waveforms demonstrated the circuit's functionality as a comparator triggering an LED based on voltage thresholds, and an integrator producing a smoothed, ramped output corresponding to the input signals.

Discussion

Analysis of the recorded waveforms confirms the theoretical principles of comparator and integrator operation. The comparator's response is characterized by a swift switch at the threshold voltage, which is visually represented by the turning ON/OFF state of the red LED. The waveforms indicate that the voltage at point A accurately reflects the comparison between the input and reference voltage. The integrator stage modifies this signal by summing inputs over time, leading to a ramped waveform at point B, demonstrating accumulation of charge and voltage over the integration period.

The use of the potentiometer as an adjustable parameter was crucial in fine-tuning the threshold voltage, thereby controlling when the comparator switches its output state. The synchronized observation of waveforms at points A and B using the oscilloscope’s dual channels provided insights into the dynamic response of the circuit. These observations are vital for applications in waveform generation, signal filtering, and threshold detection in various electronic systems.

The experiment underscores the importance of precise resistor values and stability in op-amp circuits, emphasizing that component tolerances can influence the accuracy of the comparator threshold and integration rate. The raw data and waveforms supported the conclusion that the LM741C operational amplifiers perform effectively within their operating parameters, although their response times and bandwidth limitations must be considered in high-frequency applications.

Conclusion

This experiment validated the fundamental operations of comparator and integrator circuits using op-amps. It demonstrated how adjustable voltage thresholds could control the switching behavior of indicators such as LEDs and how integration provides a cumulative response to input signals. The exercise enhanced understanding of analog signal processing and circuit response characteristics, crucial for designing complex electronic control and measurement systems. Accurate resistor measurement and calibration play vital roles in ensuring circuit reliability and precision.

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