Respond To The Following. Make Sure You Use Complete Sentenc ✓ Solved
Respond To The Following Make Sure That You Use Complete Sentences
Respond to the following. Make sure that you use complete sentences, college-level grammar, and that you have completely thought about your response. Marcy is a very busy toddler. She watches and helps feed the puppy. “Little Scientist” that she is, one day she decides to see what would happen if she pours the food on the puppy’s head. Instead of placing the puppy in his bed she gently places him in a bathroom drawer. Which substage of sensorimotor development is Marcy exhibiting? When do babies first begin to imitate? Is imitation learned through observation or is it biologically preprogrammed? Define telegraphic speech and give an original example. What is child-directed speech? List and define the three forms of child-directed speech.
Sample Paper For Above instruction
The scenario involving Marcy demonstrates a fundamental aspect of sensorimotor development, specifically within the substage of the primary circular reactions. According to Jean Piaget's theory, the sensorimotor stage covers from birth to about two years old, and during this period, infants learn about their environment primarily through their senses and motor activities. Within this stage, the substage where infants begin to understand object permanence and experiment with their environment is called the coordination of secondary circular reactions, typically occurring between 8 and 12 months. Marcy’s actions—placing the puppy in a drawer rather than in its bed—reflect her developing ability to manipulate objects intentionally, a hallmark of this substage, suggesting she is beginning to understand some aspects of object permanence and causal relationships.
Babies begin to imitate as early as a few days old, especially facial gestures such as smiling or sticking out the tongue, but true imitation that involves copying actions more complex than reflexes starts around six months of age. Imitation is believed to be both learned through observation and biologically preprogrammed. Research suggests that the capacity for imitation is innate, allowing infants to mirror others’ actions instinctively, but it is also reinforced and refined through repeated observation and interaction with caregivers (Meltzoff & Moore, 1977).
Telegraphic speech refers to the early stage of language development characterized by simplified sentences that omit smaller function words but retain essential content words to convey meaning. An original example of telegraphic speech would be a child saying, "Want cookie" instead of "I want a cookie." This form of speech resembles a telegram, where only the critical words are used, reflecting the child's focus on the main components of a sentence while leaving out less significant words.
Child-directed speech, also known as infant or motherese/parentese, is a special way adults speak to young children that captures their attention and aids language learning. It is characterized by exaggerated intonation, slow tempo, and clear enunciation to help children distinguish speech sounds and understand language structure. There are three primary forms of child-directed speech:
1. Parentese: A exaggerated and simplified speech style used by caregivers to engage the child's attention.
2. Expansions: Restating or expanding on a child's utterance with correct grammatical form, which models proper language use.
3. Recasts: Rephrasing a child's incorrect or incomplete utterance into a correct and complete version, supporting language development.
In conclusion, Marcy's behavior illustrates her emerging cognitive skills within Piaget’s sensorimotor substage, her imitation abilities begin early and are a combination of innate and learned processes, and her language development is supported by her environment through telegraphic speech and child-directed speech strategies that facilitate learning.
References
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