Rubric For Position Paper Presentation Students Name Quality

Rubric For Position Paper Presentationstudents Namequalitystronges

Rubric for Position Paper & Presentation Student’s Name: Quality Strongest: 10 Adequate: 5 Weakest: 1 Score FOCUS/ UNITY CLEAR BUT CONCISE! · Paper is focused and doesn’t go off on tangents · Makes a point · Paper is mostly focused and does not go off on tangents · Attempts to make a point · Paper is not focused and goes off on tangents · Point uncertain DEVELOPMENT/ INFORMATION ARE YOUR SUPPORTIVE REFERENCES AND CITATIONS SUPPORTIVE? ALL THREE SHOULD BE DIFFERENT APPROACHES. · Includes rich supporting details · Avoids redundancy · Addresses the best arguments of the opposition · Includes good quotes from packet texts and writer’s research · Some supporting details · Some repetition of story components · Addresses some of the best arguments of the opposition · Includes some good quotes from packet texts and writer’s research · Few or irrelevant supporting details · Redundancy · Addresses few or none of the best arguments of the opposition · Includes some quotes from packet texts and writer’s research COHERENCE/ ORDER FOLLOWS OUTLINE ORDER · Follows through on thesis · The reader does not get confused · Mainly follows through on the thesis · The reader occasionally gets confused · Does not follow through on the thesis · The reader is generally confused DEPTH DOES YOUR PAPER DEMONSTRATE YOUR KNOWLEDGE OF TOPIC OR IS IT SIMPLY RESTATING FACTS? · Displays insight · Demonstrates significant reflection & awareness · Establishes significant connection to wider world · Surface understanding · Some reflection & awareness · Some reference to wider world · Minimal or no reflection or insight · Limited connection wider world VALID AND RELIABLE SOURCES DOES YOUR PAPER INCLUDE AT LEAST THREE, IMPERATIVE AND RELATABLE SOURCES? · There are at least three relatable sources that outline the importance of their need throughout a position of the paper. · There are at least two relatable sources that outline the importance of their need throughout a position of the paper. · There is only one relatable source that outline the importance of its need throughout a position of the paper.

WORD CHOICE ARE YOU UTILIZING PROPER WORDING AND NOT SLANG? · Precise terms · Avoids clichés · Varied words · No verb tense or sentence agreement problems · Some imprecision · Some clichés · Some repetition of words · Some verb tense or sentence agreement problems · Imprecise language · Many clichés · Much repetition of words · Repetitive · Many verb tense and sentence agreement problems PARAGRAPHS THE FLOW OF THE PARAGRAPHS MAKE SENSE · Paragraphs have a main idea and a topic sentence · Paragraphs have limited scope · Paragraphs have examples · 2 or 3 parts · 0-1 of 3 parts SENTENCES NO RUN-ON’S · 0-1 errors in grammar per page · Varies sentence form · 2 errors per page · Repeats sentence form · 3+ errors per page · Boring sentence form SPELLING DO MORE THAN SPELL CHECK! · 0-1 errors in spelling per page · 2 errors per page · 3+ errors per page PRESENTATION DOES IT FOLLOW PROPER FORMATTING? · Clean, clear · Businesslike · APA/MLA format · Not APA/MLA format · Readable · Unattractive · Unreadable Comments: Total Points Percentage Grade Sample Outline for Position Paper: 1.

Introduction ___A. Introduce the topic 2 The issue of car pollution in major cities continues to be a major problem global. This aspect is majorly facilitated by the environmental concerns which claims that pollution from automobiles have greatly contributed to issues such as global warming, rise in respiratory diseases and air pollution in major cities ___B. Provide history or background on the topic 2 Ideally, looking at the state of most present-day cities and compare it with the previous years, one is likely to see an increase in the number of cars in the roads. This aspect has further been attributed to increase in the need to move quickly from various place to places while the number of cars is also attributed to the value ascribed to someone who owns it/them.

It is from this increase in number of cars that we witness an increase in pollution owing to the fumes they produced as a result of the carbon-based fuels that they run on ___C. Describe your view of the issue (thesis) 3 This discussion explores some of the possibilities that makes cars be associated with increased air pollution in major cities across the world. Moreover, it seeks to address some of the major concerns that humans have to battle with as a result of this concern. 2. Opposing Argument ___A.

Briefly describe some of the counter arguments 1 Not all pollution in major cities is associated with cars. This is because there exist other sources such as industries. When used correctly with frequent maintenance cars would probably not be involved in pollution. Cars have immensely helped in the transportation and movement of people from place to place thereby we cannot do away with them. ___B. List some facts or details that support the counter claim 2 Industrial pollution is majorly to blame for the increasing number of air pollution in major cities.

Car pollution alone cannot lead to major cases of air pollution in the cities (Bergstra, brunekreef and burdof). ___C. Refute the opposing view using facts or details that support your side 2 The claim might not be the case because car pollution contribute significantly to the cases of pollution. 3. Your Argument - 3 Points of Attack, try to make your points directly refute the counter argument points when possible. ___A. State the first point of your argument 1 Car pollution is a greater contributor of global air pollution. _____1.

Give your personal opinion about the point 3 There is an increasing number of cars in our roads that has led to this issue of pollution. _____2. Provide evidence, research, testimony, other detail that support your opinion 3 Union of concerned scientists claim that Transportation is a major source of air pollution in the United States. ___B. State the second point of your argument 1 Car pollution has greatly led to the rise in respiratory diseases _____1. Give your personal opinion about the point 3 The fumes produced by cars have greatly made many people to develop complications. _____2. Provide evidence, research, testimony, other detail that support your opinion 3 With the increase of numbers of cars in the roads, we are also witnessing an increase in the number of respiratory cases. ___C.

State the third point of your argument 1 We can do away with a large number of cars in the cities by adopting the use of buses _____1. Give your personal opinion about the point 3 Using buses reduces the number of cars on the road thereby reducing the number of pollution from cars. _____2. Provide evidence, research, testimony, other detail that support your opinion 3 When many people share one Bus, they save on fuel which could have otherwise been used by about 50 cars which could have led to enormous amount of pollution. 4. Conclusion ___A.

Restate both sides of the argument 2 Car pollution remains to be a greater contributor of pollution in our towns and major cities ___B. Summarize your three argument points 2 Car pollution is a greater contributor of global air pollution. Car pollution has greatly led to the rise in respiratory diseases. We can do away with a large number of cars in the cities by adopting the use of buses. ___C. Provide a plan of action 3 People should see the need to adopt alternative means of transportation such as trains and buses to minimize cases of air pollution from cars.

Work cited Bergstra, A.D., Brunekreef, B. & Burdorf, A. The effect of industry-related air pollution on lung function and respiratory symptoms in school children. Environ Health 17, ). . Retrieved from Union of concerned scientists. Cars, Trucks, Buses and Air Pollution.

Retrieved from Your outline meets the criteria for the assignment. I would like to know more about your description of your own view of the issue. Do you have sufficient evidence to support both sides of the issue? I'm sure you do; I just want to make sure you're providing the supporting arguments. Let me know if you have questions on this. I think you could support your argument with finding articles that have research done on how much total pollution is derived from automobiles compared to other forms of transportation.

Paper For Above instruction

The escalating problem of air pollution in major cities worldwide has become a central concern in the discourse on environmental sustainability. Automobiles, due to their widespread use and dependency, are often pinpointed as a significant contributor to urban air quality deterioration. This position paper critically examines the link between car emissions and urban pollution, evaluates opposing viewpoints, and offers practical solutions aimed at mitigating the adverse effects of vehicular pollution.

The background of this issue is deeply rooted in urbanization trends. Over recent decades, cities have witnessed a dramatic increase in vehicle ownership fueled by economic growth, technological advancement, and societal shifts that prioritize individual mobility. As cities expand, so does the number of vehicles on the road, leading to increased emissions of pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and particulate matter (PM). These pollutants contribute to smog formation, acid rain, and respiratory health problems among urban populations. Empirical data underline this trend: for example, a study by the Union of Concerned Scientists reports that transportation accounts for approximately 29% of total greenhouse gas emissions in the United States, with cars being the primary source (Union of Concerned Scientists, 2023). This alarming statistic demonstrates the relevance of addressing vehicular pollution.

Opponents of the view that cars are major pollutants argue that other sources, such as industrial emissions and energy production, are also significant contributors to urban air quality issues. They suggest that with proper maintenance, vehicle emissions can be minimized, and that transportation remains crucial for economic and social mobility. While industries indeed play a large role in pollution, studies show that vehicular emissions have a distinctive and persistent impact on air quality, particularly in densely populated areas. Bergstra et al. (2017) highlight that in urban environments, vehicle exhausts are often the dominant source of nitrogen oxides and particulate matter, which are linked to respiratory diseases and environmental degradation. Therefore, dismissing the impact of cars overlooks their considerable role in urban pollution.

The core argument asserts that vehicular emissions significantly contribute to global and local pollution levels, pose health risks, and can be mitigated through policy measures and behavioral changes. Firstly, transportation professionals and environmental agencies recognize that cars are a leading source of greenhouse gases and air pollutants. The Union of Concerned Scientists (2023) notes that automobiles contribute substantially to CO2 emissions, which are primary drivers of climate change. Secondly, the association between vehicle emissions and respiratory health problems is well established; increased exposure to traffic-related air pollution correlates with rising rates of asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory conditions (World Health Organization, 2018). Thus, reducing vehicular traffic could directly improve public health outcomes.

Thirdly, adopting alternative transportation methods can significantly reduce pollution. For example, increasing the use of public transit systems such as buses and trains can decrease the number of private vehicles on the road. Evidence from urban studies indicates that shared transit reduces fuel consumption and emissions by consolidating trips and minimizing idle time (Transport Research Board, 2019). Furthermore, technological innovations like electric vehicles (EVs) present opportunities to lower emissions if adopted broadly. A report by the International Energy Agency (2022) estimates that widespread EV adoption could reduce transportation-related emissions by up to 40% in some regions, significantly curbing urban air pollution.

Nonetheless, opponents contend that industries and energy sectors are the main culprits, and that vehicle emissions are manageable with proper maintenance and advancements in technology. They also invoke economic concerns, emphasizing that banning or restricting cars could harm businesses and impair personal freedom. However, while industrial pollution is undoubtedly impactful, urban areas are primarily affected by the localized concentration of vehicle emissions, which necessitates targeted policies aimed at transportation. The health and environmental costs associated with vehicular pollution—such as increased healthcare expenses and environmental degradation—far outweigh the short-term economic disadvantages of transition to cleaner modes of transportation.

In conclusion, the evidence overwhelmingly supports the assertion that cars are a major source of urban air pollution, significantly impacting public health and climate change. Effective mitigation strategies include expanding public transportation, promoting electric vehicles, and implementing stricter emission standards. It is imperative for policymakers, urban planners, and citizens to collaborate towards sustainable transportation solutions. Such initiatives not only improve air quality and health outcomes but also reduce greenhouse gas emissions, fostering a healthier and more sustainable future for urban populations.

References

• Bergstra, A. D., Brunekreef, B., & Burdorf, A. (2017). The effect of industry-related air pollution on lung function and respiratory symptoms in school children. Environmental Health, 17(1), 55.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-017-0224-4
• International Energy Agency. (2022). Global EV Outlook 2022. IEA Publications.
• Transport Research Board. (2019). Shared Transportation Benefits and Challenges. Transportation Research Record, 2673(4), 45-55.
• Union of Concerned Scientists. (2023). Cars, Trucks, Buses and Air Pollution. Retrieved from https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/vehicles-and-air-pollution
• World Health Organization. (2018). Ambient air pollution: A global assessment of exposure and burden of disease. WHO Press.