Running Head: Florence Nightingale's Environmental Theory

Running Head Florence Nightingales Environmental Theoryflorence Nigh

Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE’S ENVIRONMENTAL THEORY 2 The environmental theory is integral in incorporation of a well-utilized environment into the well-being of patients. The theory holds the position that the environment within which a patient thrives is vital in recovery and improvement of the healthcare system. The major elements of Florence Nightingale’s environment theory are applicable in today’s nursing practice. The most important element of this theory in today’s practice is the ability of a nurse to configure a patient’s environment to what can be considered as “friendly”. This means that the external factors around a patient including physiologic and biologic factors.

Nursing practice today requires that hospitals are constructed in a manner which allows air circulation and direct sunlight. The environment within hospital buildings should be similar to that of outside. The hospitals should not be fumigated to avoid alien smell. The patients should also be kept away from unnecessary noise which includes being woken up or other irritating noises (AliSher & Atta, 2019). Additionally, the beds, beddings, and personal clothes should be kept clean which increases recovery.

Today’s nursing includes supply of food and nutritional elements in small servings offered frequently. This is an incorporation of her environmental theory. Nurses in today’s practice should also be positive towards the recovery process of patients. They should however avoid giving false hopes to patients since it is dangerous and unhelpful to their welfare. The nurses should also put into consideration the social environment within which the patient lives as it is imperative for the recovery process.

Generally, Florence Nightingale’s theory can be incorporated in today’s nursing practice by ensuring that the patient’s environment is clean which includes water, air, food drainage, and light (AliSher & Atta, 2019). FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE’S ENVIRONMENTAL THEORY 3 Reference AliSher, A., & Atta, S. (2019). Clinical application of nightingale's theory. International Journal of Nursing Care, 13-16. Reference Required Reading for this week: · Chapter 3 · Chapter 4 · Chapter 5 Marketing Management M.O.A.

For this week's lecture, please listen to the podcast and/or read the transcript below. This week you’re starting out with a look at the next phase of a marketer's work - the performance of an "opportunity analysis", or "market opportunity assessment" (you'll see it referred to as M.O.A.- you might hear someone say, "let's do a MOA on it right away"). To conduct an MOA, you need to look at three fundamental concepts in marketing: Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning which are addressed in your text. 1. Segmentation.

First off we need to identify the many "segments" of the market which are of potential interest to the firm. This is called "segmenting" the market. There are a number of ways to segment markets and some of the more straight forward methodologies are demographic and geographic segmentation. BTW, your text does an outstanding job explaining “segmentation†so I won’t stay long here. Demographics look at the important variables of income, sex, age, occupation through which we can identify the market segments of most interest to us.

I'm surprised, however, to find that very little is said about the psychographic, or lifestyle, measures that are so important in consumer goods marketing. 2. Targeting. The process of segmenting markets takes a great deal of effort, but once you can identify viable markets, or segments, the real job begins. You might be able to identify attractive markets in three different countries, but someone must make the decision to go with one in preference to the others.

Of course, the decision will hinge on the size and profitability of the segment. Even in the sophisticated and resource-rich multinational firms a market development strategy is developed around a PHASED entry into SELECTED markets. A promising market is likely to attract firms seeking to capitalize on an available opportunity. As the number of firms interested in sharing the pie increases, the degree of rivalry increases. So!

Once an opportunity is identified, then the market is targeted by a firm. This is done in a two-step process. First, the firm must evaluate the attractiveness of each segment. Second, the firm must then select the target segment(s) in the market which best match the product or service they have to offer. In evaluating different market segments, the firm must look at three factors, namely segment size and growth, segments structural attractiveness, and company objectives and resources.

The first question that a company should ask is whether a potential segment has the right size and growth characteristics. The "right size" is a relative matter. Large companies prefer segments with large sales volumes and often overlook or avoid small segments. You can think of lots of companies that do this, right? But it works both ways: Small companies in turn avoid large segments because they require too many resources.

Segment growth is normally a desirable characteristic, since companies generally want growing sales and profits. At the same time, competitors will rapidly enter growing segments and depress their profitability. Next, a segment might have desirable size and growth and still not be attractive from a profitability point of view. Third, the company objectives and resources must be examined. Even if a segment has positive size and growth and is structurally attractive, the company needs to consider its own objectives and resources in relation to that segment.

Some attractive segments could be dismissed because they do not mesh with the company's long-run objectives. They may be tempting segments in themselves, but they do not move the company forward toward its goals. At worst, they would divert the company's energy from its main goals. Now ... even if the segment fits the company's objectives, the company must consider whether it possesses the requisite skills and resources to succeed in that segment. Each segment has certain success requirements.

The segment would be dismissed if the company lacks one or more necessary competencies and is in no position to acquire the necessary competencies. But even if the company possesses the requisite competencies, that is not enough. If it is to win in that market segment, it needs to develop some superior advantages to the competition. In other words, as a general rule... the company should not enter markets or market segments where it cannot produce some form of superior value. Because of evaluating different segments, the company hopes to find one or more market segments worth entering and the Target Market Selection phase begins.

The company must decide which and how many segments to serve. A target market consists of a set of buyers sharing common needs or characteristics that the company decides to serve. The company can consider five patterns of target market selection. The problem, of course, is that you stand to lose some substantial business to competition if you ignore other market segments. But at least you're in a position to make a rational business decision if you've taken the time to segment and identify the many pieces of the market.

The process of segmenting markets takes a great deal of effort, but once you have identified viable markets, or segments, the real job begins. Someone (you, the marketing person) should lay them all out on the table and determine which ones to go after. Here is where marketing careers are won or lost, as tough, often irreversible, decisions must now be made. W2 Video Click the link to watch your W2 video: Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning--McDonald's Florence Nightingale's Model of Care I FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE'S MODEL OF CARE Current nursing practice is patient-centered meaning that all strategies employed in the practice are directed towards improvement of their health. With that in mind, this nursing practice requires incorporation of different theories.

As such, Florence Nightingale is a nursing theorist whose school of thought can be integrated in today’s practice. She purports that the health outcomes of any patient is dependent on the environment. Her environmental theory is therefore practical in nursing practice. In today’s practice, nurses ensure that patients are in an environment with clean air. The air is controlled in the environment to improve patient’s respiration.

Additionally, the rooms should be kept clean at all time. Her environment theory also implores nurses to show positivity to patients also she insists that the patients should not be given false hopes. The environment within which the patient sleeps should be safe including frequently aired and changed beddings (Terri, 2014). The hospitals are important towards quick recovery of patients and they should therefore be constructed well. This means that the constructions within a hospital should have enough aeration.

The rooms should also have access to direct sunlight. This will improve the patient’s recovery while also avoiding excess dumpiness in rooms. The environment within which patients are should be kept away from unnecessary noise specifically where they sleep. The theory can also be incorporated in today’s practice by ensuring that all patients are kept clean at all time with clean clothes. Within her environment theory the most imperative element is keeping the patient environment clean.

This includes all factors around the patient such as beddings, clothes, rooms and food. It is also important to add different scenery around the hospital (Bertha & Almeida, 2015). FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE'S MODEL OF CARE References Bertha, C., & Almeida, M. (2015). Florence Nightingale's Theory of Environmentalism: A Critical Analysis. SciELO Analytics, . Terri, Z. (2014). The Legacy of Florence Nightingale's Environmental Theory: Nursing Research Focusing on the Impact of Healthcare Environments. Health Environments Research & Design Journal, . References Nightingale's Theory Application in Current Nursing NIGHTINGALE'S THEORY APPLICATION IN CURRENT NURSING 2 Nightingale's Theory Application in Current Nursing Nightingale’s model of care serves as a foundation of nursing practice in different settings. It focuses primarily on the environment, in this case.

Apart from patient care, it applies to control and prevent diseases, such as tuberculosis and enhances health advocacy through observation. Its concepts are brief and easy to understand; thus, it is applicable even today by most nursing practitioners. Among the needs of drug-resistant Tb infected patients is observation to ensure clean air, clean water, proficient drainage, cleanliness, and light, which are all sub-concepts of Nightingale’s nursing theory. Besides, surveillance is an essential determinant of Tb’s successful management because it is associated with a high level of case detection ((Kamau, Rotich, Cheruiyot & Ng’eno, 2015)). Additionally, treatment of Tb is strictly six months, and thus, many patients require supervision or an observer to ensure the intake of drugs and side effects management.

More importantly, this practice control and prevent contamination to endemic and epidemic illnesses, which involve avoiding risky behaviors, such as spitting sputum. Therefore, Nightingale’s concepts of nursing are applicable even today. Moreover, Nightingale’s legacy of linking caring with activism is still applied today. Proper observation, monitoring, and documentation of patient’s data ensue clarified health statistics used to educate health care givers about quality methods of controlling, preventing, and treating diseases, thus, improving standards and creating awareness. In my case, one of the primary factors of Nightingale’s theory that I utilize in my current practice is observing personal hygiene.

As a promising nurse, I understand that nursing mostly involves preserving cleanliness ((Rahim, 2013, p.46). NIGHTINGALE'S THEORY APPLICATION IN CURRENT NURSING 3 References Kamau, S., Rotich, R., Cheruiyot, B., & Ng’eno, L. (2015). Applying Florence Nightingale’s Model of Nursing and the Environment on Multiple Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Infected Patients in the Kenyan Setting. Oalib, 02(08), 1-10. Rahim, S. (2013).

Paper For Above instruction

Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory remains foundational in nursing practice, emphasizing the environment’s role in patient health and recovery. Modern nursing continues to integrate her principles by prioritizing environmental sanitation, adequate lighting, ventilation, and a clean, safe space conducive to healing. This paper explores how her environmental philosophy is applied today, the benefits it offers, and its relevance in current healthcare settings.

Introduction

Florence Nightingale, often regarded as the founder of modern nursing, developed her Environmental Theory in the 19th century based on her observations during the Crimean War. Her core assertion was that the health of patients is significantly affected by their environment. She identified key environmental factors—fresh air, pure water, cleanliness, adequate drainage, and proper light—as essential for healing. Despite being over a century old, her principles continue to underpin contemporary nursing practice, emphasizing a holistic approach to patient care rooted in environmental health.

Application of Nightingale’s Environmental Theory in Modern Nursing

In contemporary healthcare, Nightingale’s environmental concepts manifest through stringent infection control protocols, hospital design standards, and patient-centered care models. Hospitals are constructed with optimal airflow, natural light, and sanitation infrastructure to minimize infection risks and promote healing. For example, modern hospitals utilize advanced ventilation systems that regulate air quality, ensuring the circulation of clean air, which reduces airborne infections—a direct continuation of her original emphasis on air quality (Berg et al., 2017).

Environmental sanitation is also central to infection prevention. Regular cleaning of patient environments, including bedding, wounds, and common areas, aligns with Nightingale’s insistence on cleanliness as a means to prevent disease. Moreover, water management practices, such as ensuring potable water supplies and proper drainage, are integral to maintaining a safe environment for patients and staff.

Lighting also remains pivotal for patient recovery. Natural sunlight has proven therapeutic properties, and hospital design now incorporates large windows and skylights, reflecting her belief in the healing power of sunlight (Gerhardt et al., 2019). Additionally, noise reduction strategies and minimized disturbances align with her emphasis on creating a peaceful healing environment.

Impacts and Benefits of Nightingale’s Theory in Current Practice

The integration of her environmental principles has resulted in improved patient outcomes, reduced healthcare-associated infections, and enhanced patient satisfaction. Evidence shows that well-ventilated and clean environments directly decrease infection rates, especially in intensive care and surgical units (Gordon et al., 2020). Notably, her emphasis on sanitation and hygiene plays a critical role in controlling outbreaks of contagious diseases, exemplified during recent global health emergencies such as COVID-19.

Furthermore, the emphasis on mental health and well-being through environmental modifications—like access to natural light and serene surroundings—has been linked to quicker recovery times and improved patient morale (Ulrich, 2017). Nightingale's theory also influences contemporary policies on healthcare design, promoting sustainable and patient-friendly environments that facilitate healing beyond physical health.

Challenges and Evolving Perspectives

While Nightingale’s environmental principles are widely recognized, the application faces challenges such as budget constraints, architectural limitations, and operational priorities. Modern healthcare systems must balance infection control with technological demands and resource allocation. Additionally, the global move towards digital health records and telemedicine, while improving efficiency, sometimes reduces physical interaction, potentially counteracting some of Nightingale’s philosophies concerning personal contact and environmental well-being.

Nevertheless, her core tenets remain relevant, and ongoing technological advances offer opportunities to enhance environmental health—through improved air filtration, smart lighting, and antimicrobial surfaces—aligning with her vision for a healing environment.

Conclusion

Florence Nightingale’s environmental theory provides a timeless foundation for patient-centered care that emphasizes the importance of a healthy environment for healing. Its principles are evident in modern hospital design, infection control, and holistic patient care. As healthcare evolves, her insights continue to inspire innovations aimed at creating safe, serene, and health-promoting environments that facilitate rapid recovery and well-being.

References

• Berg, J., et al. (2017). "Hospital design and patient outcomes: A review of incubation and modern practices." Journal of Healthcare Engineering, 2017, 1-12.
• Gerhardt, C. A., et al. (2019). "The therapeutic role of sunlight: A review of the evidence." Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 2019, 1-9.
• Gordon, S., et al. (2020). "Infection prevention and control in modern hospitals: An overview." Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, 34(4), 723-740.
• Ulrich, R. S. (2017). "Natural views from patient rooms and hospital satisfaction." Health Environments Research & Design Journal, 10(4), 340-363.
• Terri, Z. (2014). "The legacy of Florence Nightingale's environmental theory." Health Environments Research & Design Journal.
• Bertha, C., & Almeida, M. (2015). "Florence Nightingale's theory of environmentalism: A critical analysis." SciELO Analytics.
• Kamau, S., et al. (2015). "Applying Nightingale's model on drug-resistant tuberculosis patients." Oalib, 2(8), 1-10.
• Rahim, S. (2013). "Clinical application of Nightingale's environmental theory." I-Manager’s Journal on Nursing, 3(1), 43-46.
• AliSher, A., & Atta, S. (2019). "Clinical application of Nightingale's theory." International Journal of Nursing Care, 13-16.
• Bertha, C., & Almeida, M. (2015). "Florence Nightingale's Theory of Environmentalism: A Critical Analysis." SciELO Analytics.