SOAP Note: Scabies 1 And 2 ✓ Solved
SOAP NOTE: SCABIES 1 SOAP Note: SCABIES 2 SCABIES Pat
Patient Information
Patient: F.D. Age: 48 years old Race: Hispanic Gender: Male Insurance: Private insurance.
Subjective
Chief complaint: “My skin itches a lot at night.”
History of Present Illness (HPI): The patient is a 48-year-old Hispanic male reporting a week of significant itching in the internal folds of his elbows and legs that has hindered his sleep. He has recently lived for two months in a shelter with his mother and denies any past history of dermatitis or atopy. He is not using any OTC creams or lotions, and he notes that the skin lesions and itching have worsened.
Past Medical History (PMH): Last annual physical exam in January. Chronic condition: Essential Hypertension, controlled with current treatment. Current medication: Enalapril 20 mg PO QD. No hospitalizations or significant medical procedures reported. No history of mental illness or physical trauma in the last year. Surgery: Cholecystectomy 7 years ago.
Environmental Exposure: Patient lived in a shelter for two months due to resolved economic issues. Denies known HIV exposure, blood transfusions, or exposure to hazardous materials.
Immunizations: Up to date (Flu Vaccine: 01/23/2019).
Exercise: Engages in regular daily exercise.
Diet: Reports a "healthy" diet rich in whole grains, vegetables, fruits, and proteins.
Social History: Single, lives with mother. Positive family relationships and denies substance use. Educational level: Middle School. Heterosexual; one sexual partner in the past year with consistent condom use; denies STD risk behaviors.
Allergies: No known drug or food allergies.
Family Medical History: Mother (75 y/o) has hypertension and diabetes; father’s medical history is unknown.
Review of Systems: The patient has systemic skin itchiness with no accompanying chills, weight loss, or other symptoms. Neurological, psychological, and other systemic reviews are normal.
Objective
Physical Exam: Vitals show BP 120/80 mmHg, pulse 78 bpm, temperature 98.1°F, height 70 in, weight 188 lbs, BMI 29.1. General appearance: alert, oriented, hydrated, and comfortable.
Skin Examination: Presence of burrows and vesicles in internal elbow folds, knees, and thighs. Excoriated papules noted.
Assessment:
Primary Diagnosis: B86 Scabies. This condition is caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite leading to severe pruritus and characteristic lesions. Transmission typically occurs through direct contact.
Differential Diagnosis:
- Atopic Dermatitis
- Impetigo
- Folliculitis
Plan:
Therapeutic: Permethrin 5% cream, apply thoroughly from neck to feet, wash off after 8–14 hours, reapply in two weeks. Hydroxyzine 25 mg BID for 5 days.
Non-Therapeutic: Instructed to treat sexual and household contacts. Wash all bedding and clothing after treatment and store items unable to be washed to avoid reinfestation.
Follow-up: Schedule in 3 weeks; patient advised to return if symptoms worsen.
Bibliographic References:
- Chosidow O. Clinical practices. Scabies. N Engl J Med. 2006;354:.[ Abstract ]
- Chouela E, Abeldano A, Pellerano G, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of scabies: a practical guide. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2002;3:9-18.[ Abstract ]
- Hengge UR, Currie BJ, Jager G, et al. Scabies: a ubiquitous neglected skin disease. Lancet Infect Dis. 2006;6:.[ Abstract ]
- Heukelbach J, Feldmeier H. Scabies. Lancet. 2006;367:.[ Abstract ]
- Johnston G, Sladden M. Scabies: diagnosis and treatment. BMJ. 2005;331:.[ Abstract ]
- Johnstone P, Strong M. Scabies. Clin Evid. 2006:.[ Abstract ]
- Strong M, Johnstone PW. Interventions for treating scabies. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;3:CD000320.[ Abstract ]
Paper For Above Instructions
Scabies is a common parasitic skin condition caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It is characterized by intense itching, especially at night, and results in a distinctive rash. The present case highlights a 48-year-old Hispanic male patient experiencing significant nighttime pruritus localized primarily in the folds of skin. This presentation is typical, as scabies often flourishes in areas where skin-to-skin contact occurs, making the diagnosis clinically pertinent given the patient's recent history of living in a shelter.
The history of present illness (HPI) indicates that the patient developed troublesome itching over the past week, which has been compounded by inadequate sleep. Furthermore, the absence of prior skin conditions, such as dermatitis or atopy, helps narrow the differential diagnosis primarily toward scabies. This history is critical, as it emphasizes the context in which the infestation likely arose—living in close quarters with others, where scabies can easily spread.
The patient's past medical history reveals controlled essential hypertension but otherwise lacks notable chronic health issues. This lack of significant comorbid conditions may play a role in the patient’s immune response and susceptibility to skin infestations. Moreover, his consistent exercise regimen and healthy diet are encouraging positive health behaviors that may aid in recovery post-treatment.
On examination, it was noted that the patient has scabietic burrows and vesicles in the internal folds of the elbows, legs, and thighs—all classic sites for scabies infestation. Accompanying excoriated papules were also documented, further substantiating the diagnosis. The patient's system review was largely unremarkable, indicating no systemic complaints or complications, which is promising as scabies typically does not induce systemic illness under normal circumstances.
To confirm the diagnosis, the examination's findings are supported by literature indicating the distinctive presentation of scabies, particularly the manifestation of intense pruritus and burrows. The differential diagnosis should consider atopic dermatitis, impetigo, and folliculitis, conditions that could exhibit similar symptomatology but can usually be distinguished based on characteristic clinical findings and patient history (Chosidow, 2006; Heukelbach, 2006).
The treatment plan includes the administration of Permethrin 5% cream, which is the first-line treatment for scabies. Patients are instructed to apply this therapeutic agent over the entire body from the neck down to the feet, allowing it to remain on the skin before being washed off. This efficient approach is crucial in eradicating the mites and alleviating the pruritus associated with the condition (Hengge et al., 2006; Johnston, 2005). Additionally, Hydroxyzine is prescribed for symptomatic relief from itching, indicating a multimodal approach to managing this condition.
Non-pharmacological measures highlighted in the plan stress the importance of treating all close contacts to prevent reinfestation. This aspect is particularly relevant, as transmission typically occurs via direct skin contact (Strong & Johnstone, 2007). Hygiene measures, such as washing clothing and bedding in hot water, are emphasized to eliminate potential sources of the mites within the environment.
In summary, this SOAP note encapsulates an insightful case concerning scabies, illustrating a methodical approach to the assessment, diagnosis, and management of the condition. Given the documented risk factors, clinical findings, and appropriate therapeutic strategies, the outlook for this patient is favorable. However, follow-up in three weeks will be essential to ensure resolution of the symptoms and maintenance of the therapeutic course. Moreover, continued education on preventive measures against scabies transmission will be beneficial for the patient and his household (Chouela et al., 2002).
References
- Chosidow O. Clinical practices. Scabies. N Engl J Med. 2006;354:.[ Abstract ]
- Chouela E, Abeldano A, Pellerano G, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of scabies: a practical guide. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2002;3:9-18.[ Abstract ]
- Hengge UR, Currie BJ, Jager G, et al. Scabies: a ubiquitous neglected skin disease. Lancet Infect Dis. 2006;6:.[ Abstract ]
- Heukelbach J, Feldmeier H. Scabies. Lancet. 2006;367:.[ Abstract ]
- Johnston G, Sladden M. Scabies: diagnosis and treatment. BMJ. 2005;331:.[ Abstract ]
- Johnstone P, Strong M. Scabies. Clin Evid. 2006:.[ Abstract ]
- Strong M, Johnstone PW. Interventions for treating scabies. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;3:CD000320.[ Abstract ]