Step 1: Understand The UML Diagram

Step 1 Understand The Uml Diagramanalyze And Understand The Object Um

Analyze and understand the object UML diagram, which models the structure of the program. The Employee class has been specified as abstract, which is denoted by the name of the class being italicized. The Employee class has a new abstract method called CalculateNetPay, denoted by the italicized method name. Since CalculateNetPay is abstract, it will not have an implementation in the Employee class. Both the Salaried and Hourly classes inherit from Employee and must implement the CalculateNetPay method. These subclasses have their own implementations of CalculateNetPay, inheriting from the Employee class but defining their specific behavior. Understanding this hierarchy and method implementation is crucial to properly modifying and extending the program.

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The process of analyzing and understanding UML diagrams is vital in object-oriented programming, as it provides a visual representation of the system's structure, relationships, and behaviors. In this context, the diagram models an employee management system with an abstract Employee class and two concrete subclasses: Salaried and Hourly employees. The Employee class is designated as abstract, indicated by the italicized class name in UML, meaning it cannot be instantiated directly but serves as a blueprint for its subclasses.

The Employee class introduces an essential abstract method called CalculateNetPay. Since it is abstract, this method has no implementation in the Employee class itself but must be overridden in each subclass. This design enforces that every concrete employee type must define its own logic for calculating net pay, which can vary depending on the employee type, pay structure, and deductions. The salaried and hourly subclasses extend Employee and are responsible for implementing the CalculateNetPay method, which they do by multiplying their respective weekly pay amounts by tax or deduction rates specific to each type.

In designing such a system, understanding UML diagrams facilitates the creation of flexible and maintainable code. The inheritance hierarchy ensures code reuse and enforces consistency across employee types while allowing customization where necessary. Recognizing that the abstract Employee class cannot be instantiated directly, but rather serves as a superclass, clarifies how the subclasses will function and interact within the program.

Furthermore, important considerations include adhering to the principles of encapsulation and polymorphism. Encapsulation ensures that data associated with each employee type, such as pay rates and deductions, are protected and accessed via appropriate methods. Polymorphism allows the program to treat objects of different subclasses uniformly through references to their abstract superclass, enabling dynamic method binding during runtime. This technique is especially useful when iterating through collections of Employee objects, as it allows invoking the CalculateNetPay method without concern for the specific subclass.

Overall, mastering UML diagram analysis helps develop a clear mental model of the program structure, which guides effective code modifications and enhancements. In the context of the current assignment, understanding the hierarchy and the method implementations informs subsequent steps such as modifying classes, implementing methods, and testing the system for correctness and robustness. This foundational knowledge ensures that the final implementation aligns with the designed architecture, promoting code maintainability and scalability in future developments.

Creating the Project

The next phase involves creating a new C# project based on the structure outlined in the UML diagram and previous labs. The project should be named "CIS247_WK4_Lab_LASTNAME" to reflect your identification. Starting with an empty project, you will delete the default Program.cs file and establish the required folder structure by adding Logic Tier, Presentation Tier, and Utilities folders. Subsequently, you will incorporate the Week 5 project files into the appropriate folders, ensuring that the foundation code is correctly organized for further modifications. Updating the application information within the ApplicationUtilities.DisplayApplicationInformation method to include your name, current lab, and project description is essential for documentation and clarity during development and grading.

Modifying the Employee Class

Modifications to the Employee class include declaring it as an abstract class and defining an abstract method called CalculateNetPay that returns a double value. The ToString method should be updated to include the weekly net pay, formatted in currency, providing a comprehensive overview of each employee's financial details when printed. These modifications establish a flexible class hierarchy where each specific employee type can implement its own calculation logic for net pay, enabling polymorphic behavior in subsequent operations.

Implementing Salaried and Hourly Classes

For the Salaried class, a constant TAX_RATE of 0.73 should be added, and its CalculateNetPay method implemented by multiplying the weekly pay by this tax rate. Similarly, the Hourly class requires a TAX_RATE of 0.82, with its CalculateNetPay method following the same pattern. These implementations reflect the tax deductions applicable to each employee type and are integral to computing the net pay accurately based on pay structure and tax policies.

Creating the Main Program

In the main program, the employee array should be limited to two objects: one Hourly and one Salaried employee. You should prompt the user to input information for each employee, such as name, pay rate, hours worked, or salary, and store these objects in the array. Iterating through the array, the program should display each employee’s details, including their calculated net pay. The development process mirrors previous labs but emphasizes the polymorphic invocation of the CalculateNetPay method, as each subclass provides its unique implementation.

Testing and Submission

Once the code is complete, compile and run the application to check for errors. Debug any issues that arise and verify that the output matches the desired result, with correct display of employee information and net pay calculations. Capture the console output and paste it into a Word document. Finally, prepare a zip file containing the entire project and include screenshots of the output in the Word document. These deliverables should demonstrate a fully functional implementation aligned with the UML diagram and project specifications.

References

  • Freeman, E. (2004). Head First Object-Oriented Analysis and Design. O'Reilly Media.
  • Parnass, R., & Parnass, M. (2010). Beginning Object-Oriented Design in UML: From Use Cases to Code. Wrox Press.
  • Booch, G., Rumbaugh, J., & Jacobson, I. (2005). The Unified Modeling Language User Guide. Addison-Wesley Professional.
  • Larman, C. (2004). Applying UML and Patterns: An Introduction to Object-Oriented Analysis and Design and Iterative Development. Pearson.
  • Gamma, E., Helm, R., Johnson, R., & Vlissides, J. (1994). Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software. Addison-Wesley.
  • Wasson, R. (2012). Object-Oriented Programming with C#. McGraw-Hill Education.
  • Milner, R. (2009). Object-Oriented Analysis and Design. McGraw-Hill.
  • Richards, M. (2010). UML 2.0 in Plain English. The Pragmatic Programmers.
  • Oestreich, K. (2006). Learning UML 2.0. O'Reilly Media.
  • Chun, S. (2011). Essential UML™. O'Reilly Media.

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