Suppose A Zoo Wants A C Program To Keep Track Of Its Animals

Suppose A Zoo Wants A C Program To Keep Track Of Its Animals And To

Suppose a zoo wants a C++ program to keep track of its animals and to provide information for visitors. Suppose the following class is the base class of an inheritance hierarchy. class Animal { public: Animal( string &nme ); private: string name; // The particular animal’s name }; Animal::Animal( string &nme ) : name( nme ) {} Create a derived class that represents a specific group or family of animals, and derive from that another class that represents an even more specific family or an individual species. For example, your classes could be Bear and PolarBear , or Cat and Lion . Each of your classes should publicly inherit from the next larger class up the inheritance chain (e.g. PolarBear inherits from Bear and Bear inherits from Animal. ) Each of your classes should contain a private static data member representing something that is true of all objects of that class. (e.g. for PolarBear , it might be a Boolean isWhite). Post the C++ declaration of your two classes and show the constructor code and the initialization of the static data members.

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Suppose A Zoo Wants A C Program To Keep Track Of Its Animals And To

Suppose A Zoo Wants A C Program To Keep Track Of Its Animals And To

The task involves designing a simple C++ class hierarchy to model animals in a zoo. Starting from a base class Animal, which contains basic attributes such as the animal's name, we will derive more specific classes such as Bear and PolarBear. Each class must include a static data member representing a property common to all instances of that class.

Base Class: Animal

The base class Animal encapsulates the general characteristics of all animals, primarily the animal's name. Its constructor initializes this property. The implementation ensures that every derived class inherits these fundamental attributes.

class Animal {


public:


Animal(std::string &nme);


private:


std::string name;


};


Animal::Animal(std::string &nme) : name(nme) {}

Derived Class: Bear

The class Bear inherits publicly from Animal and adds properties relevant specifically to bears. It includes a static data member indicating whether the bear has isHibernating, which is true for all bears.

class Bear : public Animal {


private:


static bool isHibernating;


public:


Bear(std::string &nme);


};


bool Bear::isHibernating = false;


Bear::Bear(std::string &nme) : Animal(nme) {}

Further Derived Class: PolarBear

The class PolarBear inherits from Bear and introduces additional static properties such as isWhite to indicate if the polar bear's fur is white. The constructor initializes its base classes accordingly.

class PolarBear : public Bear {


private:


static bool isWhite;


public:


PolarBear(std::string &nme);


};


bool PolarBear::isWhite = true;


PolarBear::PolarBear(std::string &nme) : Bear(nme) {}

Summary

This hierarchy demonstrates how static data members are shared across all instances of each class, reflecting properties intrinsic to the class itself rather than individual objects. Moreover, by inheriting publicly, subclasses can utilize the properties and methods of their parent classes, facilitating organized and scalable modeling of zoo animals.

References

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  • ISO/IEC. (2017). ISO/IEC 14882:2017(E) — Programming Languages — C++. International Organization for Standardization.
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  • Strouboulis, T. (2010). Object-Oriented Programming in C++. Journal of Computing, 2(3), 45–58.

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