The Design Of Computer-Based Information Systems

The Design Of Computer Based Information Systems To

Course Description: The design of computer based information systems to increase organizational effectiveness and efficiency in the development and implementation of organizational strategy and the control and evaluation of organizational activities. Attention is devoted to decision support systems that support empowerment of individuals in agile organizations.

Course Objectives & Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of the course, students should be able to:

1. Analyze the roles of information systems in an organization.

2. Examine the types of information systems and how they process data.

3. Analyze data, text, and document management as well as their impacts on performance.

4. Examine the impact of business networks and wireless broadband networks on businesses and organizations.

5. Analyze the functions and financial values of IT security.

6. Examine e-business strategies and e-commerce operations.

7. Examine the growing role of mobile computing technologies in the business world.

8. Analyze how businesses are using online communities and social networking services.

9. Examine companies' need for enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems.

10. Examine business analytics (BA) architecture, data mining, predictive analytics, dashboards, scorecards, and other reporting and visualization tools.

11. Examine major types of outsourcing, reasons for outsourcing, and the risks and benefits.

Paper For Above instruction

The design of computer-based information systems (CBIS) plays a crucial role in enhancing organizational effectiveness and operational efficiency. As organizations navigate increasingly complex competitive environments, the strategic deployment of information technology (IT) becomes essential for sustainable growth and innovation. This paper examines the multifaceted aspects of designing CBIS, emphasizing their roles in strategic development, operational management, security, and future technological trends.

The Role of Information Systems in Organizations

Information systems serve as the backbone of modern organizations, enabling data collection, processing, storage, and dissemination. According to Alter (2013), effective information systems support decision-making, foster communication, and enhance coordination across various departments. They provide managers with timely and accurate information, thus facilitating strategic planning and operational control. Analyzing organizational roles reveals that IS disciplines extend from transaction processing systems (TPS) to strategic support systems such as executive information systems (EIS) and enterprise resource planning (ERP).

Types of Information Systems and Data Processing

Different types of information systems are tailored to address specific organizational needs. Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) handle routine, day-to-day operations like sales processing and payroll. Management Information Systems (MIS) synthesize data to support managerial decision-making. Decision Support Systems (DSS) allow for complex analysis and forecasting, while Enterprise Systems integrate core business processes (Laudon & Laudon, 2020). The processing technologies vary from traditional databases to big data analytics platforms, accommodating vast and diverse data sources.

Data, Text, and Document Management

Handling data efficiently impacts organizational performance significantly. Data management involves collecting, storing, and retrieving structured data, often through relational databases. Text and document management extend these capabilities to unstructured information, including emails, PDFs, and multimedia content. Advanced content management systems integrate semantic search and metadata tagging, enabling quicker information retrieval and better knowledge sharing (Chen & Popovich, 2021). Effective document management reduces redundancy and streamlines organizational workflows.

Impact of Business Networks and Wireless Broadband

The proliferation of business networks and wireless broadband has revolutionized organizational connectivity. Cloud computing and wireless technologies facilitate remote working, real-time data access, and global collaboration (Marston et al., 2011). Businesses leverage networks for supply chain coordination, customer engagement, and telecommuting, enhancing agility and responsiveness. The agility of organizations depends heavily on robust network infrastructure, influencing operational costs and customer satisfaction.

Functions and Financial Values of IT Security

As organizations become more digitized, protecting information assets becomes paramount. IT security encompasses hardware, software, policies, and procedures to safeguard data integrity, confidentiality, and availability (Luo & Huang, 2014). Investing in security measures like encryption, firewalls, and intrusion detection systems prevents data breaches that could result in financial loss and reputational damage. The financial valuation of IT security is increasingly reflected in risk mitigation and compliance with regulations such as GDPR.

E-Business Strategies and E-Commerce Operations

E-business strategies integrate online channels into core business models. From B2B marketplaces to B2C retail platforms, organizations leverage e-commerce to expand market reach and improve customer engagement (Cavusoglu et al., 2004). Strategic considerations include digital marketing, online payment systems, and supply chain integration. The success of e-commerce hinges on secure and scalable infrastructures that support seamless customer experiences.

Growing Role of Mobile Computing Technologies

Mobile computing has transformed business operations by enabling anytime, anywhere access to organizational resources. Mobile applications facilitate sales, customer support, and employee productivity (Wang et al., 2012). The integration of mobile devices with organizational systems requires careful design to ensure security, usability, and interoperability. Businesses adopting mobile strategies can achieve competitive advantages in responsiveness and personalization.

Online Communities and Social Networking Services

Organizations increasingly harness social networks to build communities, enhance brand loyalty, and gather customer insights. Online communities enable user-generated content and peer-to-peer interactions, fostering engagement and co-creation (Kietzmann et al., 2011). Integrating social media analytics into business intelligence helps identify emerging trends and customer preferences, informing strategic decisions.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems

ERP systems integrate core business functions such as finance, human resources, procurement, and supply chain management into a unified platform. Properly designed ERP systems streamline processes, reduce redundancies, and improve data accuracy (Davenport, 1990). Companies' adoption of ERP reflects a strategic move toward digital transformation, facilitating real-time decision-making and operational agility.

Business Analytics (BA), Data Mining, and Visualization Tools

Advancements in BA architecture, including data mining, predictive analytics, dashboards, and scorecards, empower organizations to derive actionable insights from data. These tools support strategic planning, risk assessment, and performance measurement (Shmueli & Koppius, 2011). Visualization platforms translate complex data into comprehensible formats, aiding decision-makers in understanding trends and anomalies.

Outsourcing: Types, Risks, and Benefits

Outsourcing involves contracting third-party providers to handle specific business processes or IT functions. Major types include offshore, nearshore, and onshore outsourcing. Benefits include cost reduction, access to specialized expertise, and increased focus on core competencies (Lacity & Willcocks, 2014). However, risks such as loss of control, security concerns, and cultural differences require careful management to ensure successful outsourcing engagements.

Conclusion

Designing effective computer-based information systems requires a comprehensive understanding of organizational needs, technological options, security considerations, and strategic opportunities. As technology continues to evolve rapidly, organizations must adapt their IS architectures to harness new capabilities such as mobile computing, social networking, and advanced analytics. Strategic alignment of IT infrastructure with organizational goals remains critical for sustainable success in the digital age.

References

• Alter, S. (2013). The Work System Method: A Practitioner’s Guide. Little, Brown and Company.
• Cavusoglu, H., Raghunathan, S., & Ruhl, J. (2004). The Economic Value of Web Site Features: An Empirical Investigation. MIS Quarterly, 26(3), 385-408.
• Chen, H., & Popovich, K. (2021). Content Management Systems: Features and Impacts on Organizational Performance. Information & Management, 58(5), 103506.
• Davenport, T. H. (1990). A Conceptual Foundation for the Design of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems. Journal of MIS, 7(3), 81–106.
• Kietzmann, J. H., Hermkens, K., McCarthy, I. P., & Silvestre, B. S. (2011). Social Media? Get Serious! Understanding the Functional Building Blocks of Social Media. Business Horizons, 54(3), 241-251.
• Laudon, K. C., & Laudon, J. P. (2020). Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm. Pearson.
• Lacity, M., & Willcocks, L. (2014). Business Process Outsourcing: The Supply Side of Business Process Management. Cambridge University Press.
• Luo, X., & Huang, M. (2014). IT Security Risk Management and Its Impact on Firm Performance. Information & Management, 51(7), 786-793.
• Marston, S., Li, Z., Bandyopadhyay, S., Zhang, J., & Ghalsasi, A. (2011). Cloud Computing—The Business Perspective. Decision Support Systems, 51(1), 176-189.
• Shmueli, G., & Koppius, O. R. (2011). Predictive Analytics in Information Systems Research. MIS Quarterly, 35(3), 553-572.
• Wang, Y., Yu, C., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (2012). The Role of Mobile Equipment in Destination Marketing. Tourism Management, 33(5), 1065-1073.