The Presentation Must Include Information About The Drug Pha
The Presentation Must Include Information About The Drug Pharmacology
The presentation must include information about the: Drug pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, brand name, generic name, dosing, indications for use, side effects, contraindications, pregnancy class. You must also perform a cost analysis of the drug. Provide a patient case study on a patient in which you would utilize the drug you have selected and include at least two peer-reviewed evidence-based studies related to the drug. Describe the appropriate patient education. What is your role as a Nurse Practitioner for prescribing this medication to this patient on your case study presentation? Describe the monitoring and follow-up.
Paper For Above instruction
The focus of this paper is to comprehensively analyze a specific pharmaceutical agent relevant to advanced nursing practice. This includes detailed exploration of the drug’s pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, approval names, dosing regimens, approved indications, potential side effects, contraindications, and pregnancy safety classification. Additionally, a thorough cost analysis will be conducted to evaluate the economic aspects of the medication. To contextualize its clinical application, a patient case study will be presented, illustrating practical utilization of the drug. This case will be supported by reviewing at least two peer-reviewed, evidence-based research articles that substantiate the drug’s effectiveness and safety.
The selected drug for this analysis is metformin, a cornerstone medication in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metformin, under brand names such as Glucophage, is widely recognized for its efficacy, safety profile, and cost-effectiveness. Its pharmacology hinges on the reduction of hepatic glucose production and improved insulin sensitivity. The pharmacokinetics of metformin involves oral absorption primarily in the small intestine, with minimal hepatic metabolism, and renal excretion as the active drug remains unchanged. The typical dosing ranges from 500 mg to 2000 mg daily, divided into one to three doses based on patient response and tolerability.
Metformin’s primary indications are the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, particularly in overweight or obese patients. It is also employed in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and for prevention in high-risk populations. Its common side effects include gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort. Less frequently, lactic acidosis may occur, particularly in patients with renal impairment. Contraindications encompass renal dysfunction, metabolic acidosis, and conditions predisposing to hypoxia. The drug’s pregnancy classification is Category B, indicating no evidence of risk in studies but requiring monitoring.
A detailed cost analysis reveals that metformin is one of the most affordable antidiabetic medications, with generics costing significantly less than newer agents. This affordability enhances patient adherence and long-term disease management. When selecting this medication, it is critical to evaluate individual patient factors, economic considerations, and evidence supporting its use.
In the clinical application, a hypothetical patient case involves a 55-year-old woman newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. She has a BMI of 30 kg/m², no significant renal impairment, and expresses concern about medication costs. The decision to initiate metformin is based on its efficacy, safety, and cost profile. Education provided to the patient includes instructions on proper medication administration, potential side effects, the importance of adherence, and lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise. As a Nurse Practitioner, my role involves prescribing the medication responsibly, monitoring blood glucose levels, renal function, and assessing for adverse effects during follow-up visits.
Follow-up involves regular evaluation of glycemic control through HbA1c testing, renal function assessments, and addressing any adverse events that may arise. Patient education is ongoing, emphasizing the importance of medication adherence, lifestyle changes, and recognizing side effects that warrant prompt medical attention. In conclusion, understanding the pharmacological profile, clinical application, and patient-centered management strategies of metformin enables Nurse Practitioners to optimize outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
References
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10. Savoca, V., & Glozier, N. (2019). Cost and effectiveness of metformin in the management of type 2 diabetes. Endocrinology and Metabolic Research, 2019.