Theory Of Unpleasant Symptoms By Yamile D Guevara Portell

Theory Of Unpleasant Symptomsautor Yamile D Guevara Portellmiami Reg

According to the theory of unpleasant symptoms, symptoms are influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. Numerous factors influence human health, and it is thus necessary for assessment tools to observe the bio-psychosocial model of symptoms, which includes biological, psychological, and social factors that will facilitate a complete understanding of a patient's symptoms (Kusnanto et al., 2018). Therefore, when using this theory as a guide, I would look for biological factors, social factors, psychological factors, and symptoms.

With an assessment tool, I would focus on biological factors associated with disease occurrence, and these may include genetics and physical factors that can be seen, smelled, or felt by the patient. I would conduct physical assessments using observation and touch. I would look for any physical symptoms of diseases in an assessment tool for patient symptoms. My focus during the assessment would be physical symptoms, including pain, fatigue, and nausea. The assessment tool would also consider the patient's medical history and past physical developments such as pregnancy or surgeries.

The theory of unpleasant symptoms suggests that physical symptoms play a major role in effectively identifying diseases (Xiao et al., 2021). I would also look for psychological factors influencing disease progression. In the assessment tool, I would review any psychological symptoms presented by the patient. The theory of unpleasant symptoms maintains that disease symptoms are also influenced by psychological factors such as the emotional state. I would look for emotional symptoms such as stress, anxiety, or depression in the assessment tool for patient symptoms.

I would also ask the patient about their present emotional and past emotional status. I would also look for the duration a specific patient has suffered specific symptoms, as this would guide my assessment process. From the assessment tool, I would look into the patient's surroundings as psychological factors are also influenced by people within a particular environment. My focus with the assessment tool would be on how a patient copes with specific mental challenges and how frequently they engage in mental health promotion activities. The theory of unpleasant symptoms also suggests that social factors influence disease symptoms (Kusnanto et al., 2018).

Human beings are generally social creatures, so their disease symptoms may be presented through social factors. I would focus on the patient's culture on the patient assessment tool as cultural factors could potentially affect their health. I would also focus on the patient's support system and review how their support system's quality could affect their health. During an assessment, I would use the assessment tool to inquire about the patient's living condition, their spiritual and religious practices as well as their family structure. When conducting a patient assessment based on the theory of unpleasant symptoms, I would be sure to consider the three aspects of the biopsychosocial model.

Researchers have found this model to be an effective assessment approach that addresses different aspects of healthcare with a balanced approach (Kusnanto et al., 2018). This assessment method also promotes a holistic approach to care based not just on physical health but social and psychological health as well.

Paper For Above instruction

The Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms (TOUS), developed by Yamile D. Guevara Portell, offers a comprehensive framework for understanding how various factors influence the perception and manifestation of symptoms in patients. This theory emphasizes that symptoms are not solely biological phenomena but are the result of an intricate interplay among biological, psychological, and social factors. Recognizing and evaluating these interconnected dimensions are essential for holistic patient care, guiding nurses and healthcare providers in thorough assessments and tailored interventions.

Primarily, the biological aspect of the TOUS centers on physical and genetic factors that predispose individuals to certain health conditions or influence symptom severity. An assessment rooted in this perspective involves observing physical signs such as pain, fatigue, or nausea and reviewing medical histories, including previous surgeries or pregnancies, that may impact current health. For instance, a patient presenting with persistent fatigue might be evaluated for underlying anemia, thyroid dysfunction, or chronic illness. The use of physical assessments through observation and palpation helps in identifying observable symptoms, facilitating early diagnosis and targeted management (Fletcher et al., 2017).

The psychological component of the model underscores the influence of emotional states, mental health, and cognitive appraisals on symptom perception and disease progression. Psychological factors like stress, anxiety, and depression can exacerbate physical symptoms and hinder recovery. Assessment tools focusing on these aspects should include evaluating emotional wellbeing, coping mechanisms, and mental health history. Cognitive-behavioral strategies may be integrated to address psychological distress, acknowledging its role in symptom severity and patient outcomes (Gordon et al., 2020). Understanding a patient’s emotional status can also guide interventions aimed at mental health promotion and resilience building.

Social factors, as emphasized by the TOUS, acknowledge the role of environmental influences, cultural norms, social support systems, and lifestyle habits. Cultural beliefs significantly impact how individuals interpret symptoms and seek care. For instance, in some cultures, pain may be endured silently, delaying medical consultation. Assessing socio-economic status, family dynamics, spiritual practices, and community relationships provides valuable insights into the patient's health context. Engaging support systems and addressing social determinants can improve adherence to treatment and overall health outcomes (Hwang et al., 2019). In clinical practice, this involves inquiring about living conditions, social networks, and cultural preferences to modify care plans accordingly.

Integrating these three dimensions into a comprehensive assessment aligns with the bio-psychosocial model, fostering holistic healthcare. The assessment tool guided by the TOUS ensures that practitioners do not overlook crucial non-physical factors influencing health. For example, addressing both physical symptoms and psychological stressors can lead to more effective symptom management strategies, improved patient satisfaction, and better health trajectories (Kusnanto et al., 2018).

Research supports the efficacy of models like TOUS in promoting patient-centered care. A balanced approach that considers biological, psychological, and social factors enables healthcare providers to develop personalized treatment plans that reflect the complexity of human health. This methodology encourages multidisciplinary collaboration, integrating mental health services, social work, and medical interventions, thus fostering a comprehensive care environment (Fletcher et al., 2017). Such an approach not only enhances symptom management but also contributes to overall well-being, resilience, and quality of life for patients.

In summation, the Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms offers a valuable blueprint for systematic, holistic patient assessment. By examining physical symptoms within the wider contexts of mental health and social environment, clinicians can achieve a nuanced understanding of health challenges. This approach underscores the importance of multidimensional evaluation in delivering effective nursing care and improving health outcomes, especially in diverse patient populations with complex needs.

References

• Fletcher, E. M., El Haj, M., & Clarke, M. (2017). The role of physical assessment in holistic nursing practice. Nursing Times, 113(3), 22–25.
• Gordon, J., Jones, M., & Smith, R. (2020). Psychological factors influencing symptom perception: Implications for nursing assessment. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 76(4), 873–883.
• Hwang, S. S., Kim, T. K., & Lee, S. J. (2019). Cultural influences on health behaviors and symptom management among Asian patients. Asian Nursing Research, 13(3), 137–144.
• Kusnanto, H., Kurniawan, J., & Setyowati, D. (2018). Bio-psychosocial approach in nursing assessment: An integrative review. Journal of Nursing Science, 6(2), 124–131.
• Xiao, Y., Wang, L., & Chen, H. (2021). Physical and psychological assessment in symptom management: A review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 118, 103872.