This Week's Discussion: How Three Major Mods

In This Week Discussion You Will Examine How Three Major Model Are Use

In this week discussion, you will examine how three major models are used to develop intervention programs. The three models are the PRECEDE-PROCEDE, Intervention Mapping, and Mobilizing for Planning and Partnership (MAPP) models. Group C focuses on the Intervention Mapping model. Imagine that you are a health educator or another health professional planning a prevention program related to the Healthy People assigned focus area, with a particular emphasis on global health. Your goal is to develop a program that reduces the incidence of the disease and decreases the risk factors associated with it. Review relevant literature, such as weekly articles from the library and credible websites, to discover how other organizations have developed programs related to this specific Healthy People focus area. Investigate whether these programs have utilized a planning model in their design, and if so, identify which model was used. Post your responses based on the course requirements to contribute to the discussion.

Paper For Above instruction

Global health issues encompass a wide range of diseases and health challenges that transcend national borders, requiring comprehensive and strategic intervention programs. Developing effective prevention strategies necessitates the application of systematic planning models that guide program design, implementation, and evaluation. Among the prevalent models in health program planning are the PRECEDE-PROCEDE, Intervention Mapping (IM), and Mobilizing for Planning and Partnership (MAPP). For this discussion, the focus is on the Intervention Mapping model, exploring its application in the development of health promotion programs within the context of global health, particularly concerning disease prevention and risk reduction.

The Intervention Mapping (IM) protocol is a systematic, evidence-based approach designed to facilitate the development of health promotion programs that are theory-driven and evidence-based. It was developed to bridge gaps between research findings, theory, and practical application in health promotion (Bartholomew et al., 2016). The core of IM involves six steps: needs assessment, matrices of change objectives, theory-based methods and practical strategies, program production, adoption and implementation, and evaluation. This structured approach ensures that programs are tailored specifically to the target population’s needs and are grounded in behavioral science theory.

In examining how organizations have utilized the IM model, several case studies demonstrate its effectiveness in addressing global health issues. For example, the WHO’s initiatives on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) often employ systematic planning models, including IM, to develop multi-level interventions for risk factor reduction (World Health Organization, 2017). NCDs such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancers are significant global health threats, and programs aimed at prevention frequently follow a structured planning process. Through the IM framework, these programs identify specific behavioral and environmental determinants, set clear objectives, and select appropriate theory-based methods for intervention.

A notable example of IM application is the development of smoking cessation programs in diverse international settings. Such programs typically begin with a detailed needs assessment to understand cultural and contextual factors influencing tobacco use. The matrices of change objectives are then established, specifying what behavioral outcomes are targeted. The program designers select evidence-based techniques, like motivational interviewing or social support strategies, tailored to the population’s characteristics. This systematic approach improves the likelihood of successful intervention outcomes, as shown in multiple cross-national studies (Naing et al., 2020).

Furthermore, the IM model emphasizes the importance of theoretical grounding, integrating models such as the Theory of Planned Behavior or Social Cognitive Theory to inform intervention strategies. For global health programs, this enables a culturally relevant adaptation of intervention techniques—ensuring that messages resonate with diverse populations and address specific barriers. The systematic planning process helps ensure program fidelity, scalability, and sustainability, which are critical considerations in global health initiatives (MONTES & Corrêa, 2021).

Many health organizations and government agencies adopt the IM model because of its comprehensive, stepwise process that enhances the precision and effectiveness of their health promotion programs. For instance, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) encourages the use of IM in developing community-based interventions for chronic disease prevention (CDC, 2018). These efforts often target risk factors such as poor diet, physical inactivity, and tobacco use—risk factors that are prevalent worldwide and require culturally sensitive, evidence-based interventions.

In conclusion, the Intervention Mapping model offers a robust framework for developing systematic, theory-based health promotion programs that are adaptable to various cultural and contextual settings within global health. Its emphasis on needs assessment, evidence-based strategies, and participatory planning aligns with the complexities of addressing global health challenges. By analyzing how other organizations have utilized IM in their programs, health professionals can learn valuable lessons to design effective, sustainable interventions that reduce disease incidence and associated risk factors across diverse populations.

References

• Bartholomew, L. K., Parcel, G. S., Kok, G., Gottlieb, N. H., & Fernandez, M. E. (2016). Planning Health Promotion Programs: An Intervention Mapping Approach (4th ed.). Jossey-Bass.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2018). Guidance for Developing Community-Based Chronic Disease Prevention Interventions. CDC Publications.
• MONTES, M., & Corrêa, L. (2021). Application of Intervention Mapping in Global Health Initiatives. Journal of Global Health, 11, 03003.
• Naing, L., Win, K. T., & Htay, T. (2020). Cross-national Review of Tobacco Control Programs Using Intervention Mapping Framework. Tobacco Prevention & Cessation, 6, 34.
• World Health Organization (WHO). (2017). Noncommunicable Diseases Prevention and Control. WHO Global Report.