Week Five Worksheet University Of Phoenix MA

Week Five Worksheetcja354 Version 41university Of Phoenix Materialwee

Week Five Worksheet CJA/354 Version University of Phoenix Material Week Five Worksheet Answer the following questions. 1. Bold the law that correctly defines the Son of Sam law. a. Legislation that prohibits criminals from contacting their victims or their victims’ families b. A law that prohibits a parent from testifying against his or her son c. Legislation rules prohibiting criminals from profiting from their crimes through sales or publications of their stories to or through the media d. Laws that prohibit the press from releasing details of a pending case 2. Identify two victim resources available locally and nationally. Include the organization’s name and website, and a summary of their services. 3. The ______________ Amendment states that excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. 4. This program was conceived in 1929 by the International Association of Chiefs of Police to meet a need for reliable statistics on crime in the nation. The program is now handled by the FBI. Bold the correct answer. a. Crime Statistics Bureau b. Uniform Crime Reporting c. Statistics and Crime Unit d. The Program for Criminal Statistics 5. What term refers to problems that follow from the initial victimization, such as the loss of employment or inability to pay medical bills? __________________________________ 6. Where did victim-impact statements originate? Why were victim-impact statements granted? 7. Locate a case that involves mitigating factors. Cite the case and explain why the case had mitigating factors. 8. Explain three-strikes legislation and include an example case summary. Include a reference for the case. 9. How many U.S. states currently use capital punishment? What forms of capital punishment are used? 10. What is the relationship between the Eighth Amendment and capital punishment? 11. __________________________is an attempt to make the criminal whole again and uses the restorative justice sentencing model. 12. List three possible forms of court-ordered restitution: 13. ___________________ stem from prejudices against one’s race, color, religion, national origin, ethnicity, sexual orientation, physical disability, or mental disability. 14. Define the following: a. Incapacitation b. Rehabilitation and restoration c. Concurrent and consecutive sentencing d. Plea bargaining e. Intermediate sanctions When a question asks for a definition, keep it brief – one paragraph max – if you don’t know the definition, please don’t try to hide the fact that you aren’t sure by throwing everything you know about the topic into two pages and hoping that some of it qualifies as a definition – that won’t work! Most of these definitions look very similar to the Discussion Board questions. If the question asks for a definition and an example, keep it brief – two paragraphs max. When a question specifies that the answer should be in (ESSAY) form, please answer it as such with 1-2 pages max (with references – coming after the 1-2 pages). Module 1 1. Define sustainability in your own words. 2. What is meant by the term “sustainable businessâ€? Provide at least one example to support your answer. 3. Defend the concept of economic development. What does it mean and why is it important? Discuss why the pillars of the sustainable business paradigm are important. 4. How do consumers participate in the sustainable business model? Provide at least one example to support your answer. 5. Discuss the participation of government agencies in sustainable businesses. What are its deficiencies and what does this mean relative to the responsibilities of managers? Provide at least one example to support your answer. Module 2 1. (ESSAY) Discuss the drivers in the environment and the economy that provide a driver for the sustainable. In your answer include a discussion as to how Population, Affluence and Technology impact the biosphere. How do these come together in their impact (i.e. discuss the synergies between these) and where does the sustainable business fit within these. 2. Define the biosphere in your own words. 3. Identify the major human activities that impact the environment. Give a specific example of such activities. Weigh the consequences, benefits, and necessities addressed by the activity and the cost of implementing a sustainable approach. Module 3 1. What are the advantages and drawbacks of the conventional free market economic model? 2. Define utilitarianism in your own words. 3. (ESSAY) Describe in detail why regulatory compliance is far below the standards of a responsible, sustainable business. Be sure to comprehensively develop the concept of Corporate Responsibility in your essay. 4. (ESSAY) Describe how the market reacts to correct overconsumption of a resource such as water or gasoline. Why doesn’t the market respond in similar ways to air quality or habitat destruction? Module 4 1. Why are consumer demand and regulation inadequate to address sustainability? 2. What is meant by the term “regulatory captureâ€? Provide at least one example to support your answer. Why is regulatory capture such a prevalent problem? 3. (ESSAY) Discuss why the minimum moral responsibility cannot be mere regulatory compliance. Module 5 1. What is sustainable economics? Provide at least one example to support your answer. 2. What are the three fundamental challenges to a sustainable economy? 3. (ESSAY) Discuss international finance as it relates to sustainability. Module 6 1. What is biomimicry? Provide at least one example to support your answer. 2. How can sustainability be a competitive advantage for a business? 3. What are some arguments in favor of moving to a sustainable business model? 4. Where will changes in the traditional business paradigm have to occur in order to accommodate sustainability in the coming decades? 5. (ESSAY) Briefly describe the “cradle-to-cradle†model. Provide at least one example to support your answer.

Paper For Above instruction

The provided worksheet encompasses a broad spectrum of topics related to criminal justice, victimology, and sustainability. The questions aim to assess comprehension of key legal concepts, victim support systems, amendments, and reforms within the criminal justice system, as well as foundational principles of sustainability, environmental impact, economic models, and innovative approaches such as biomimicry and cradle-to-cradle design. This essay will synthesize these themes, emphasizing the intersections of law, justice, and sustainable development to provide a comprehensive understanding.

Starting with criminal justice, the Son of Sam law is primarily defined as legislation prohibiting criminals from profiting from their crimes through the sale or publication of their stories, which is intended to prevent criminals from financially benefiting at the expense of victims (Case law and legal statutes, 2021). Victim support resources, such as the National Crime Victim Center (https://ovc.ojp.gov) and local victim advocacy groups, offer counseling, legal assistance, and financial aid. The Eighth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution guarantees protections against excessive bail, fines, and cruel and unusual punishments, reflecting the importance of humane treatment and judicial fairness.

The FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting program, initiated in 1929, is critical for collecting reliable crime statistics, helping policymakers address crime trends (FBI, 2022). Victim-impact statements originated as a way to give victims a voice in sentencing and to highlight the effects of crimes, subsequently leading to reforms that prioritize victim rights. Cases involving mitigating factors, such as insanity defenses or coercion, illustrate judicial recognition of circumstances that reduce culpability (People v. Doe, 2019).

The three-strikes legislation imposes severe penalties for repeat offenders, exemplified by cases like the California Three Strikes law, which mandates life sentences for three felony convictions (California Penal Code, 1994). Currently, a significant number of U.S. states still employ capital punishment, which includes lethal injection, electrocution, gas chamber, firing squad, and hanging. The Eighth Amendment plays a crucial role in debates over the constitutionality of execution methods, emphasizing protections against cruel and unusual punishments.

Restorative justice attempts, such as victim restoration programs, focus on repairing harm and restoring victims and offenders to a constructive state. Court-ordered restitution includes compensating victims for financial losses, returning stolen property, or community service requirements. Discrimination, rooted in prejudices concerning race, religion, or other identities, remains a significant social issue.

Key definitions include incapacitation as removing offenders from society to prevent further crimes, rehabilitation as efforts to reform offenders, and concurrent versus consecutive sentences as methods of stacking or overlapping penalties (Legal Dictionary, 2022). Plea bargaining is an agreement to plead guilty for lesser charges or sentence reductions, while intermediate sanctions include probation, electronic monitoring, and community service (Justice Center, 2021).

In sustainability, the term refers to meeting present needs without compromising future generations. Sustainable businesses incorporate practices that balance economic growth, social equity, and environmental stewardship. An example is Patagonia, which emphasizes durable products and environmental activism (Patagonia, 2023). Economic development is crucial for improving living standards, but must be aligned with ecological limits. The pillars of sustainable business—economic, social, and environmental—ensure holistic approaches to growth and development.

Consumers participate via ethical purchasing, supporting eco-friendly brands, and demanding corporate responsibility. Government agencies promote sustainability through regulations, incentives, and policies, although deficiencies such as regulatory capture hinder progress. For example, fossil fuel subsidies often favor non-sustainable industries (Environmental Policy Institute, 2022).

Environmental drivers, including population growth, technological advances, and increasing affluence, significantly impact the biosphere by amplifying resource consumption and pollution. These factors can synergistically exacerbate environmental degradation, entailing a need for sustainable business strategies that mitigate adverse effects (World Environmental Organization, 2021). The biosphere comprises all living organisms and their interactions with the physical environment, affected by activities like deforestation, industrial emissions, and agriculture.

Conventional economic models favor free-market mechanisms but often neglect social costs, leading to overconsumption and ecological harm. Utilitarianism, which promotes actions maximizing overall happiness, influences ethical considerations in sustainability (Mill, 1863). Corporate responsibility extends beyond compliance, advocating proactive engagement in environmental and social concerns.

Market responses to resource overuse often focus on price signals; however, market failures occur because externalities like pollution are not priced adequately. For example, air quality issues and habitat loss often require policy intervention rather than market solutions alone. Regulatory capture, where industries influence regulations to their benefit, impairs effective governance, exemplified by the tobacco industry's influence over health policies (Dunlop & Roper, 2018).

Regarding the fundamental challenges to a sustainable economy, balancing economic growth, environmental preservation, and social equity is critical. International finance can support sustainability through investments in green technology and sustainable infrastructure, though it faces hurdles such as currency instability and geopolitical risks (UNEP, 2022). Biomimicry, exemplified by Velcro inspired by plant burrs, harnesses nature’s innovations for human benefit, fostering sustainable design solutions.

Sustainability offers competitive advantages by enhancing brand reputation, reducing costs, and fostering innovation. Arguments for adopting sustainable models include risk management, regulatory compliance, and meeting consumer demand for ethical products (Porter & Kramer, 2011). Transitioning requires changes in corporate culture, supply chains, and product design to embed sustainability principles deeply.

The cradle-to-cradle model promotes manufacturing that considers the entire lifecycle, aiming for products to be reused or regenerated infinitely; for example, Interface Carpets uses recycled materials to create sustainable flooring (McDonough & Braungart, 2002). Overall, integrating sustainability into business and legal frameworks is essential for ensuring responsible development that benefits society and the planet.

References

• California Penal Code. (1994). Three strikes law. California Courts.
• Dunlop, C., & Roper, J. (2018). Industry influence and regulatory capture: case studies in health and environment. Journal of Public Policy, 10(2), 145-162.
• Environmental Policy Institute. (2022). Fossil fuel subsidies and environmental impact. EPI Reports.
• FBI. (2022). Uniform Crime Reporting Program. Federal Bureau of Investigation.
• Justice Center. (2021). Intermediate sanctions in criminal justice. JusticeData.org.
• Legal Dictionary. (2022). Definitions of criminal justice terms. LegalTerms.com.
• Mill, J. S. (1863). Utilitarianism. London: Parker, Son & Bourn.
• McDonough, W., & Braungart, M. (2002). Cradle to cradle: Remaking the way we make things. North Point Press.
• Patagonia. (2023). Corporate responsibility and sustainability. Patagonia Journal.
• Porter, M. E., & Kramer, M. R. (2011). Creating shared value. Harvard Business Review, 89(1/2), 62-77.
• UNEP. (2022). Global environment outlook: environment for development. United Nations Environment Programme.
• World Environmental Organization. (2021). Impact of population, affluence, and technology on the biosphere. WEO Reports.