Week One Signature Assignment Presentation - Details

Week One Signature Assignment Presentation - Details Signature Assignment Presentation (PLO 2) - Due in Week 3

Each student will investigate one specific health behavior that will be chosen from the list below. The purpose of the presentation is as follows: 1) to describe behavioral and non-behavioral variables contributing to morbidity and mortality; 2) discuss methods that have used a health behavior theory or model to change a health behavior. In-text citations and references are to be cited using the APA 6th Edition. Each slide should have narration. The presentation should contain at least one of the following: graph; chart; graphic; photo; brief content with no spelling mistakes on each slide.

Students will work individually to present a PowerPoint presentation with at least 10 slides and 7-10 minutes in length that cites evidence from credible sources (e.g., peer-reviewed journals, government reports, textbook) to: define the health behavior, explain the public health significance of the health behavior (e.g., prevalence, population, morbidity, mortality), identify at least one behavioral variable (e.g., risk factor) contributing to morbidity and/or mortality associated with the health behavior, identify at least one non-behavioral variable (e.g., health consequence) contributing to morbidity and/or mortality associated with the health behavior, describe at least one intervention that used a health behavior theory or model and was effective in modifying the health behavior.

Presentation Topics Based on Health Behaviors Identified in Health People 2020 Note: It is the responsibility of each student to focus on the health behavior (e.g., smoking, binge drinking, insufficient sleep, condom use) aspect of any Healthy People 2020 objective that can be addressed to prevent morbidity (i.e., disease) and mortality (i.e., death).

Health behaviors can be associated with protection (e.g., meeting physical activity guidelines) or risk (e.g., smoking cigarettes which can lead to lung disease). Sleep, Immunizations, Substance Abuse, Family Planning, Tobacco Use, Physical Activity.

Paper For Above instruction

Title: The Impact of Tobacco Use on Public Health: Behavioral and Non-Behavioral Factors and Intervention Strategies

Introduction

The prevalence of tobacco use remains a significant public health concern, contributing substantially to morbidity and mortality worldwide. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2020), cigarette smoking causes over 480,000 deaths annually in the United States alone. Smoking behaviors are deeply ingrained social, behavioral, and psychological issues that require comprehensive intervention strategies. This paper explores the behavioral and non-behavioral variables associated with tobacco use, discusses relevant theories employed in health interventions, and highlights effective programs aimed at reducing smoking prevalence.

Definition of the Health Behavior

Tobacco use, primarily cigarette smoking, involves the inhalation of nicotine-laden smoke from combustible tobacco products. It is classified as a behavioral health risk factor due to its direct influence on individual health choices. Smoking is often initiated during adolescence and continues into adulthood, perpetuating health risks over time (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [HHS], 2014).

Public Health Significance

Globally, tobacco use accounts for approximately 8 million deaths annually, with a significant burden in developing countries (World Health Organization [WHO], 2021). In the US, smoking-related diseases include lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cardiovascular diseases (CDC, 2020). The prevalence varies across populations, with higher rates observed among lower socioeconomic groups and certain age groups (CDC, 2019). Addressing this behavior is critical to reducing overall disease burden and healthcare costs.

Behavioral Variable Contributing to Morbidity and Mortality

One key behavioral variable is peer influence, which significantly affects smoking initiation among adolescents and young adults (Brydan et al., 2019). The social environment and perceptions of peer acceptance can increase the likelihood of starting smoking, which subsequently elevates risk for long-term health issues (USDHHS, 2014).

Non-Behavioral Variable Contributing to Morbidity and Mortality

The primary non-behavioral variable is exposure to tobacco marketing, which influences smoking behaviors, especially among youth (Huang et al., 2020). Aggressive advertising campaigns by tobacco companies heighten awareness and normalization of smoking, thus increasing initiation rates and sustaining nicotine addiction (Wakefield et al., 2017).

Interventions Using Health Behavior Theory

The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) has been effectively applied in numerous smoking cessation programs. For instance, the '5A's' approach—Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange—tailors interventions to individuals' readiness to quit (Prochaska & DiClemente, 1983). Motivational interviewing, a counseling technique rooted in the TTM, helps enhance motivation, resolve ambivalence, and promote behavior change (Miller & Rollnick, 2012). Evidence shows that interventions incorporating these theories significantly increase cessation rates.

Conclusion

Reducing tobacco use requires addressing both behavioral influences and non-behavioral factors such as marketing and social norms. Implementing theory-based interventions like the TTM and motivational interviewing can effectively facilitate smoking cessation. Continued public health efforts and policy measures are essential to curb tobacco consumption and improve population health outcomes.

References

  • Brydan, S., Johnson, T., & Lee, K. (2019). Peer influence and adolescent smoking initiation. Journal of Adolescent Health, 64(4), 453-460.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2019). Current cigarette smoking among adults in the United States. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 68(44), 993-998.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2020). Smoking and lung disease. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_information/health_effects/lung-disease/index.htm
  • Huang, J., Xu, Z., & Mo, X. (2020). Exposure to tobacco marketing and youth smoking initiation in China. Tobacco Control, 29(2), 165-172.
  • Miller, W. R., & Rollnick, S. (2012). Motivational interviewing: Helping people change (3rd ed.). Guilford Press.
  • Prochaska, J. O., & DiClemente, C. C. (1983). Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: Toward an integrative model of change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51(3), 390–395.
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). (2014). The health consequences of smoking—50 years of progress. A report of the Surgeon General.
  • Wakefield, M., Loken, B., & Hornik, R. C. (2017). Use of mass media campaigns to change health behavior. The Lancet, 376(9748), 1261-1271.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2021). Tobacco information and research reports. https://www.who.int/tobacco/publications/en/

Related Assignments