What Is Policy 2? Explain Each Of Them: Public Policy And Pr

What Is Policy2 Explain Each Of Them Public Policy Private

1- What is Policy? 2- Explain each of them: Public policy—Private policy—Health policy— Social policy— Organizational policy? 3- Who was Florence Nightingale, and what was her contribution to the Nursing Field? 4- Who was Lillian Wald? 5- Who was Margaret Sanger, and in what way she helped to the developments of Nursing Field? 6- What is (ICN), and what do they do? 7- What is (NLCA), and what do they do? 8- Which stage of the policy model does this scenario represent? — Jeanne Blum, RN, is a nurse on a LDRP unit. Recently, the policy and procedures manual for Jeanne’s unit included the premature rupturing of membranes of a laboring patient as a practice acceptable for nurses to perform. Jeanne and some of her coworkers shared their concern over lunch about this new responsibility. They felt uncomfortable with the possibility of cord prolapse and other potential medical complications resulting from this practice. Jeanne gathered data from her state and many others states and noted that her hospital was not in compliance with her professional organization practice standards. Jeanne shared this information with her coworkers. She volunteered to contact the state board of nursing on their behalf to request a declaratory statement on the nurse’s role in the initiation of premature rupturing of uterine membranes. Her state board’s clinical practice committee reviewed her request for a declaratory statement and gathered information from other states. A formal declaratory statement was drafted by the board and made it available on its Web site. A letter from the board was sent to Jeanne’s institution, informing it of the declaratory statement, which stated that the task nurses were requested to perform was beyond their scope of practice based on the Nurse Practice Act. APA style (in-text citations and references) Plagiarism FREE

Paper For Above instruction

Nursing policy is an essential framework that guides the ethical and professional responsibilities of nurses and healthcare organizations. Policies serve to shape the delivery of healthcare services, ensuring safety, quality, and compliance with legal standards. This essay explores various types of policies, notable figures in nursing history, and relevant policy models, illustrated through a case scenario involving scope of practice issues in nursing.

Understanding Policy: Definitions and Types

Policy, in the context of healthcare, refers to a set of guiding principles or established procedures that dictate decision-making and actions within a healthcare setting (Friedman & Caplan, 2019). Broadly, policies can be categorized into public, private, health, social, and organizational policies. Each plays a distinct role in shaping healthcare practice and policy development.

Public Policy

Public policy involves government decisions and actions that influence societal health outcomes and healthcare systems. It includes legislation, regulations, and government-sponsored programs designed to improve population health (Birkland, 2015). An example pertinent to nursing is the Nurse Practice Act, which defines the scope of nursing practice within specific jurisdictions.

Private Policy

Private policies are created by private organizations, such as hospitals, insurance companies, or professional associations, to establish internal guidelines. These policies address organizational standards, confidentiality, and operational procedures pertinent to staff conduct and patient safety (Cohen & Stead, 2016).

Health Policy

Health policy encompasses decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific health care goals within a society. These policies influence access to care, quality of services, and the allocation of resources (WHO, 2021). For example, policies on vaccination schedules or infection control protocols are critical to healthcare delivery.

Social Policy

Social policy addresses broader social issues affecting health, such as poverty alleviation, education, housing, and social justice. These policies directly impact health determinants and the overall well-being of populations (Bradshaw & Karmali, 2019).

Organizational Policy

Organizational policies are internal guidelines specific to an institution or organization, such as a hospital or clinic. These policies streamline clinical procedures, staff responsibilities, and quality assurance measures (Streiner, 2018). For example, a hospital’s policies on infection control directly influence staff practices.

Contributions of Key Nursing Figures

Florence Nightingale revolutionized nursing by establishing sanitation standards and emphasizing the importance of public health and hygiene (Roberts, 2017). Her work during the Crimean War led to reforms in hospital sanitation and laid the foundation for professional nursing.

Lillian Wald was a pioneer of public health nursing, founding the Henry Street Settlement in New York City, which provided healthcare and social services to underserved populations (Diem, 2018). Her advocacy for community-based care significantly influenced nursing practice and policy development.

Margaret Sanger advanced reproductive health and women's rights, advocating for family planning and contraception. Her efforts contributed to the development of nurses’ roles in health education and reproductive health services (Gordon, 2020).

Global Nursing Organizations and Their Roles

The International Council of Nurses (ICN) is a federation of national nurses associations that aims to ensure quality nursing care and influence health policy worldwide. ICN develops standards, advocates for nurses’ rights, and promotes global health initiatives (ICN, 2021).

The National League for Nursing Accreditation (NLCA), often referenced as NLN or NLCA, is an organization dedicated to accreditation of nursing education programs, ensuring quality standards in nursing academia (NLN, 2022). This organization supports the development of competent nursing professionals through standards and accreditation.

Policy Model and Case Scenario Analysis

The policy scenario involving Jeanne Blum exemplifies the decision-making process within a policy model, specifically the stage of policy formulation and advocacy. Jeanne identified a clinical practice concern, collected evidence, and engaged relevant authorities to clarify the scope of practice aligned with legal regulations. Her proactive approach led to a formal declaratory statement from the state board, reinforcing the nurses’ scope of practice standards. This process symbolizes how professional advocacy and evidence-based practice influence policy development, ensuring nursing roles are appropriately defined and legally protected (Kuhn, 2018).

Conclusion

Effective policy development and adherence are vital for nursing practice, affecting clinical responsibilities and patient safety. Understanding various policy types and the contributions of historical figures enhances nurses’ ability to advocate for sound policies. The scenario presented underscores the importance of proactive engagement with regulatory bodies to uphold professional standards, ultimately promoting safe and legal nursing practice.

References

• Birkland, T. A. (2015). An Introduction to the Policy Process: Theories, Concepts, and Models. Routledge.
• Bradshaw, J., & Karmali, Z. (2019). Social policy and health: An integrated approach. Journal of Social Policy, 48(2), 345-363.
• Cohen, S., & Stead, W. (2016). Private organizations and policy development. Healthcare Management Review, 41(3), 232-239.
• Diem, S. (2018). Lillian Wald and community health nursing. American Journal of Nursing, 118(3), 24-31.
• Friedman, M. L., & Caplan, A. (2019). Healthcare policy and ethics. Journal of Healthcare Management, 64(2), 89-98.
• Gordon, S. (2020). Margaret Sanger: Reproductive rights and nursing practice. Nursing History Review, 28, 112-127.
• ICN. (2021). About ICN. International Council of Nurses. https://www.icn.ch
• NLN. (2022). About NLN. The National League for Nursing. https://www.nln.org
• Roberts, S. (2017). Florence Nightingale: The founder of modern nursing. Nursing Standards, 31(4), 19-24.
• World Health Organization (WHO). (2021). Health policy. WHO. https://www.who.int/health-topics/health-policy