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Discussion 1. You have been retained as a Lead Information Technology (IT) Director in a university registrar unit. Student and personnel records are very important to the institution. Recognizing three essential components of access control systems and identification badges, which of these components—discretionary access control (DAC), mandatory access control (MAC), and role-based access control (RBAC)—will you implement to support the institution registrar unit? 2. Professional inquiry: which of these three types of can be used to protect and defend access rights to the records, data, and information of students and personnel embedded in the university registrar unit? i. Role-based access control ii. Discretionary access control iii. Mandatory access control iv. Relational access control Correct Answer Only [ ] Provide comprehensive narrative on how your plan of action will postulate offensive and defensive measures for university.

Paper For Above instruction

As the Lead Information Technology (IT) Director for the university registrar unit, safeguarding sensitive student and personnel records is paramount. An effective access control strategy ensures that only authorized individuals can access critical data, maintaining confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Among the available access control models—Discretionary Access Control (DAC), Mandatory Access Control (MAC), and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)—implementing RBAC offers the most practical and secure solution for the registrar's environment. This model aligns with the hierarchical and role-specific nature of university operations, facilitating efficient management of access rights and minimizing security vulnerabilities.

RBAC assigns access permissions based on the user’s role within the institution. For example, registrar staff, admissions officers, and financial aid personnel each have distinct roles with specific access privileges. By defining these roles and associating them with particular permissions, RBAC simplifies the management of access rights and reduces the risk of unauthorized access or accidental data leaks. Implementing RBAC also enhances compliance with regulatory standards such as FERPA (Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act), which mandates strict control over educational records. The clear delineation of roles ensures that only individuals with a legitimate need can view or modify sensitive data.

In addition to selecting RBAC, the security plan must incorporate both offensive and defensive measures to safeguard university records. Offensive strategies include proactive penetration testing and vulnerability assessments to identify and address system weaknesses before malicious actors exploit them. Regular audits of access logs and activities enable the detection of anomalous actions that could indicate insider threats or cyberattacks. Implementing multi-factor authentication (MFA) adds an extra layer of security, making it more difficult for unauthorized users to access records even if login credentials are compromised.

Defensive measures focus on strengthening the system’s resilience against threats. This includes the use of encryption protocols for data at rest and in transit, ensuring that compromised data remains unreadable to unauthorized individuals. Firewalls, intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDPS), and secure network architecture help monitor traffic and block malicious activity. Establishing strict access controls and policies, along with comprehensive user training on security best practices, further reduces the likelihood of security breaches. Regular backups of records ensure data recovery in case of ransomware attacks or system failures, preserving the integrity and availability of critical information.

Implementing RBAC complemented by proactive offensive and defensive security measures provides a robust framework for protecting the university’s vital records. This strategy not only safeguards sensitive data from unauthorized access but also prepares the institution to detect, respond to, and recover from security incidents. Continuous monitoring, security audits, and staff training are essential to maintaining the effectiveness of this security posture, ensuring the university’s records remain confidential and secure in an evolving threat landscape.

References

• Fernandes, A., et al. (2019). "Access Control Models for Cloud Computing Environments." Journal of Information Security, 10(4), 320-335.
• Ravi, V., & Kumar, S. (2020). "Security Frameworks for Protecting Educational Data." International Journal of Computer Science and Security, 14(2), 115-130.