Write A 2000-2500 Word Paper Applying The Concept ✓ Solved

Write A Paper 2000 2500 Words In Which You Apply The Concepts Of E

Write a paper (2,000-2,500 words) in which you apply the concepts of epidemiology and nursing research to a communicable disease. Refer to "Communicable Disease Chain," "Chain of Infection," and the CDC website for assistance when completing this assignment. Describe the chosen communicable disease, including causes, symptoms, mode of transmission, complications, treatment, and the demographic of interest (mortality, morbidity, incidence, and prevalence). Is this a reportable disease? If so, provide details about reporting time, whom to report to, etc.

Describe the social determinants of health and explain how those factors contribute to the development of this disease. Discuss the epidemiologic triangle as it relates to the communicable disease you have selected. Include the host factors, agent factors (presence or absence), and environmental factors. Are there any special considerations or notifications for the community, schools, or the general population? Explain the role of the community health nurse (case finding, reporting, data collection, data analysis, and follow-up) and why demographic data are necessary to the health of the community.

Identify at least one national agency or organization that addresses the communicable disease chosen and describe how the organizations contribute to resolving or reducing the impact of disease. Discuss a global implication of the disease. How is this addressed in other countries or cultures? Is this disease endemic to a particular area? Provide an example. A minimum of three peer-reviewed or professional references is required.

Sample Paper For Above instruction

Title: Epidemiological and Nursing Perspectives on Tuberculosis: A Public Health Challenge

Introduction

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern despite advances in medical science and public health initiatives. As a communicable disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, TB primarily affects the lungs but can involve other organs. This paper applies concepts of epidemiology and nursing research to understand the transmission, social determinants, and control strategies related to TB, emphasizing the role of community health nursing and national and global responses.

Disease Description

Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an aerobic bacterium characterized by a waxy cell wall that resists desiccation and immune response. It primarily spreads via airborne transmission when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Symptoms include persistent cough, hemoptysis, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. Complications can include pulmonary damage, meningitis, and dissemination to other organs. Treatment involves a lengthy course of antibiotics, typically involving isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide, taken over six to nine months. The demographic most affected includes immunocompromised populations, such as those with HIV/AIDS, individuals living in crowded conditions, and low-income groups.

TB is a reportable disease in many countries, including the United States. Healthcare providers are required to report cases within 24 hours to local health departments, which then notify state and federal agencies like the CDC. Timely reporting facilitates contact tracing, treatment initiation, and public health interventions.

Social Determinants of Health and Epidemiologic Triangle

Social determinants such as poverty, homelessness, malnutrition, and lack of access to healthcare significantly increase vulnerability to TB. Overcrowded living conditions foster airborne transmission, exemplifying environmental risk factors. The epidemiologic triangle includes:

• Host factors: Immunocompromised individuals, especially those with HIV/AIDS, and malnourished persons.
• Agent factors: The presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in active or latent forms.
• Environmental factors: Crowded, poorly ventilated settings, and socioeconomic status.

In community settings, early detection and screening are vital, especially in high-risk populations. Schools and workplaces may require special notifications, and public health advisories are often issued during outbreaks.

Role of Community Health Nurses

Community health nurses play a pivotal role in case finding through screening initiatives, especially in vulnerable populations. They are responsible for reporting suspected or confirmed cases, collecting demographic and epidemiologic data, and analyzing trends to inform interventions. Follow-up includes ensuring adherence to treatment, screening contacts, and providing education about transmission prevention. Demographic data help target interventions efficiently and identify populations at greatest risk, thereby reducing morbidity and mortality.

National and Global Responses

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) actively monitors TB cases, provides guidelines for diagnosis and treatment, and funds screening programs in high-risk areas. The World Health Organization (WHO) leads global efforts, including the End TB Strategy aimed at reducing TB incidence worldwide by 90% by 2035. Several countries, such as India and South Africa, have high endemic rates and implement targeted interventions, including BCG vaccination and DOTS programs. Cultural factors influence TB transmission and management, requiring culturally sensitive health education.

Endemic Areas and Global Implications

TB remains endemic in regions like Sub-Saharan Africa and parts of Southeast Asia, where socioeconomic challenges and healthcare infrastructure deficiencies impede control efforts. Migration, urbanization, and HIV co-infection further complicate global eradication efforts. The disease's persistence in these regions underscores the importance of international cooperation, funding, and culturally tailored interventions.

Conclusion

Understanding the epidemiology of TB through the lens of nursing research enhances the ability of healthcare providers to implement effective prevention and control strategies. Addressing social determinants, utilizing epidemiologic models, and fostering integrated community and global responses are essential for reducing TB’s burden worldwide.

References

• World Health Organization. (2021). Global tuberculosis report 2021. WHO.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Tuberculosis (TB): Data & statistics. CDC.