Write A One-Page Paper Based On The Information And Examples

Write A One Page Paper Based On The Information And Examples Given Bel

Write a one page paper based on the information and examples given below and other research on the Rule of 10's and 3's. Information: Rule of 10s and 3s, Example 4 In this example, you have an access point that is providing coverage to a specific area of a warehouse via an external directional antenna. The access point is transmitting at 30 mW. The cable and connector between the access point and the antenna creates –3 dB of signal loss. The antenna provides 20 dBi of signal gain. In this example, you will calculate the IR and EIRP values. It is not always possible to calculate both sides of the chart by using the rule of 10s and 3s. In some cases, no matter what you do, you cannot calculate the mW value by using 10 or 2. This is one of those cases. You cannot set the mW and dBm values to be equal, but you can still calculate the mW values by using the information provided. Instead of creating the template and setting 0 dBm equal to 1 mW, enter the value of the transmitter, in this case 30 mW. In the dBm column, just enter unknown. Even though you will not know the dBm value, you can still perform all of the necessary mathematics. The cable and connectors introduce 3 dB of loss, so subtract 3 from the dBm column and divide the mW column by 2. So the output of the IR is 15 mW. The 20 dBi gain from the antenna increases the dBm by 20, so add 10 twice to the dBm column, and multiply the mW column by 10 twice. So the output of the EIRP is 1,500 mW. You can see in the graphic that the 20 dB gain by the antenna and the –3 dB of loss from the cable results in a 17 dB gain from the original dBm. Even though you do not know what the original dBm value is, you can see that it is 17 dB greater. RF Math Summary Many concepts, formulas, and examples were covered in the RF mathematics section, so we will bring things together and summarize what was covered. It is important to remember that the bottom line is that you are trying to calculate the power at different points in the RF system and the effects caused by gain or loss. If you want to perform the RF math calculations by using the logarithmic formulas, here they are: If you want to use the rule of 10s and 3s, just remember these four simple tasks and you won't have a problem: 3 dB gain = mW → 2 3 dB loss = mW → · 2 10 dB gain = mW → 10 10 dB loss = mW → · 10 Table 3.2 provides a quick reference guide comparing the absolute power measurements of milliwatts to the absolute power dBm values. Table 3.2 dBm and milliwatt conversions

Paper For Above instruction

The Rules of 10s and 3s are fundamental tools in RF engineering that simplify the calculation of signal power levels and gains or losses in wireless communication systems. These rules facilitate quick mental math and enable engineers to estimate the performance of RF components such as antennas, cables, and power amplifiers. Understanding these rules is essential for accurately designing and troubleshooting wireless networks.

In the provided example, an access point transmits at 30 milliwatts (mW), and there are additional factors affecting the power at different stages of transmission, including cable loss and antenna gain. The cable introduces a –3 dB loss, which means the signal power reduces by half before reaching the antenna. Conversely, the antenna provides a 20 dBi gain, significantly boosting the signal strength. To analyze this system, the RF engineer needs to convert power levels between milliwatts (mW) and decibels relative to 1 milliwatt (dBm).

Since the initial transmit power is known (30 mW), but the dBm value is unknown, calculations proceed by focusing on relative changes rather than absolute values. The rule of 10s and 3s simplifies this process through straightforward approximations: every 3 dB reflects a doubling or halving of power, and each 10 dB corresponds to multiplying or dividing the power by ten. For instance, a –3 dB loss from the cable reduces the power from 30 mW to approximately 15 mW, as a 3 dB decrease equates to halving the power. Similarly, applying the 20 dBi gain from the antenna involves adding 20 dB to the dBm value or multiplying the power by 100, which results in an EIRP of roughly 1,500 mW (or 1.5 W). These calculations demonstrate how combining gain and loss impacts the overall effective radiated power, guiding network design decisions.

The RF math summary emphasizes that the primary goal is understanding power variations within the RF system due to gain or attenuation. The logarithmic formulas and the rule of 10s and 3s serve as practical tools to estimate and verify these changes efficiently. Specifically, the four key tasks involve recognizing that a 3 dB gain or loss affects the power by a factor of two, while a 10 dB change affects it by a factor of ten. These principles allow engineers to quickly assess system performance without complex calculations.

Furthermore, a quick reference table (like Table 3.2 in the original resource) demonstrates the conversion between mW and dBm, reinforcing the relationship between linear and logarithmic power metrics. For example, 1 mW equals 0 dBm, and higher powers reflect positive dBm values, while lower powers are negative. These conversions are pivotal for understanding signal strength and ensuring optimal coverage and quality in wireless networks. Overall, mastery of the Rule of 10s and 3s enables RF professionals to efficiently evaluate and optimize wireless systems, ensuring reliable communication and coverage across diverse environments such as warehouses, offices, and outdoor spaces.

References

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