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Pick any two active (erupted within the last 50 years) volcanoes anywhere in the world to research. Please make sure your two choices are in different parts of the world. Please do not choose Mt. St. Helens, Kilauea, or Mt. Etna. The following information must be included in your report for each volcano:

  • Pt value
  • Name
  • Location (country, latitude, and longitude)
  • Elevation
  • Date of last eruption
  • Why does it exist? (hot spot, convergence plate boundary, divergent plate boundary, etc.)
  • Facts about its recent eruption history, including some interesting or unusual activity
  • Type of eruption that usually occurs (Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vulcanian, or Plinian)
  • Type of volcano (shield, stratovolcano, cinder cone)
  • Type of lava that is usually erupted from the volcano (basalt, andesite, rhyolite)
  • A location map for the volcano
  • At least one image of the volcano (photograph, satellite image, etc.)
  • List of references, including the URL and the last date you accessed the website

20 total points available for each volcano. You will not earn points if the volcano is not active. The report can be written in list or paragraph form, but list form is preferred.

Sample Paper For Above instruction

Volcano 1: Mount Etna, Italy

Basic Information

  • Pt value: 35
  • Name: Mount Etna
  • Location: Sicily, Italy; Latitude 37.7550° N, Longitude 14.9994° E
  • Elevation: 3,329 meters (10,922 feet)
  • Date of last eruption: December 2022

Geological Context

  • Why does it exist? Formation is due to the convergent plate boundary between the African and Eurasian plates, leading to subduction processes that generate magma.
  • Recent eruption history: Mount Etna is highly active, with eruptions occurring almost annually. The 2022 eruption was characterized by strombolian activity with lava flows reaching the foothills. Unusual activity includes sporadic ash columns reaching high altitudes, affecting air travel.
  • Typical eruption type: Strombolian
  • Type of volcano: Stratovolcano
  • Type of lava: Basaltic andesite

Visuals and Maps

Included is a location map of Mount Etna and a recent satellite image showing active lava flows.

  • Mount Etna

References

  • Stern, C. R. (2015). Mount Etna: Volcano Research. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 127(7-8), 1059-1074. https://doi.org/10.1130/B31197.1 (Accessed March 10, 2024)
  • Italian Volcanoes. (2020). Mount Etna. Retrieved from https://italyexplained.com/mount-etna/ (Accessed March 10, 2024)

Volcano 2: Mount Erebus, Antarctica

Basic Information

  • Pt value: 33
  • Name: Mount Erebus
  • Location: Ross Island, Antarctica; Latitude 77.5300° S, Longitude 167.1700° E
  • Elevation: 3,794 meters (12,447 feet)
  • Date of last eruption: Ongoing activity observed through 2023

Geological Context

  • Why does it exist? Located on the Ross Sea rift at a divergent boundary, Erebus is a result of mantle plume activity and rift-related magma generation.
  • Recent eruption history: Erebus is known for persistent fumarolic activity and frequent small eruptions, including the formation of phonolite lava lake. Its unusual activity includes persistent outgassing and occasional explosive events.
  • Typical eruption type: Hawaiian or Strombolian
  • Type of volcano: Stratovolcano
  • Type of lava: Rhyolite and phonolite

Visuals and Maps

Included is a satellite image of Erebus with its persistent lava lake and fumarolic activity.

  • Mount Erebus

References

  • Christie, D. M., & Kamenetsky, V. S. (2018). Persistent volcanic activity of Mount Erebus, Antarctica. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 359, 78-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.05.005 (Accessed March 10, 2024)
  • Smith, J. (2021). Active Volcanoes of Antarctica. Antarctic Journal of the Arctic, 12(3), 150-165. Retrieved from https://antarcticjournal.com/erebus-volcano/ (Accessed March 10, 2024)

References

  • Stern, C. R. (2015). Mount Etna: Volcano Research. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 127(7-8), 1059-1074. https://doi.org/10.1130/B31197.1
  • Italian Volcanoes. (2020). Mount Etna. Retrieved from https://italyexplained.com/mount-etna/
  • Christie, D. M., & Kamenetsky, V. S. (2018). Persistent volcanic activity of Mount Erebus, Antarctica. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 359, 78-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.05.005
  • Smith, J. (2021). Active Volcanoes of Antarctica. Antarctic Journal of the Arctic, 12(3), 150-165. https://antarcticjournal.com/erebus-volcano/

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