Associate Level Material Appendix: Cit Applications And Hard

Associate Level Materialappendix Cit Applications And Hardwaresoftwar

Appendix C IT Applications and Hardware/Software Components In your own words, describe how the following IT applications and hardware/software components are used in business. Transaction Processing Systems Knowledge Management Systems Expert System and Artificial Intelligence Enterprise Resource Planning Systems E-Commerce Systems Legacy systems Mainframe computers Microprocessors PCs Network computers World Wide Web and Internet Wired and wireless broadband technology PC software Networking software Computer security software.

Paper For Above instruction

In modern business operations, information technology (IT) applications and hardware/software components play critical roles in ensuring efficiency, competitiveness, and innovation. Understanding how these systems and components function helps organizations optimize their processes and maintain a technological edge.

Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) are fundamental to business operations, designed to handle day-to-day transactions efficiently. Examples include sales, payments, and order processing systems. These systems capture and process data in real time, ensuring accuracy and promptness, which is vital for maintaining customer satisfaction and operational continuity. For instance, retail point-of-sale systems automatically record sales and update inventory data, enabling timely decision-making.

Knowledge Management Systems (KMS) facilitate the collection, organization, and dissemination of an organization's knowledge assets. These systems support decision-making, innovation, and learning by providing employees with access to relevant information and best practices. An example would be an internal portal where employees can access technical documentation, policies, and lessons learned from past projects. KMS enhance organizational memory and reduce redundancy.

Expert Systems and Artificial Intelligence (AI) simulate human expertise to solve complex problems. Expert systems leverage a knowledge base and rules to provide recommendations or decisions, such as diagnostic tools in healthcare or troubleshooting in IT support. AI encompasses machine learning algorithms that improve over time, facial recognition for security, or chatbots for customer service. These technologies reduce human workload and increase decision accuracy.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems integrate core business processes—such as finance, supply chain, manufacturing, and human resources—into a unified system. ERP enhances real-time data sharing and process automation, providing comprehensive organizational insights. Companies like SAP or Oracle provide ERP solutions that improve efficiency, compliance, and strategic planning by consolidating business data into a single platform.

E-Commerce Systems enable online buying and selling, transforming how businesses reach customers globally. These platforms include online storefronts, payment gateways, and logistics integration. They support order processing, customer relationship management, and digital marketing, thereby expanding market reach and providing convenience for consumers. Amazon and eBay are prime examples of e-commerce giants supported by sophisticated e-commerce systems.

Legacy Systems are older software or hardware still in use due to cost, complexity, or critical business functions. Despite their limitations, they may contain essential data or processes. These systems can impede integration with newer technologies but are maintained to ensure continuity until they can be replaced or upgraded.

Mainframe Computers are powerful processing units capable of handling large-scale transaction processing and enterprise applications. They are prized for their stability, security, and capacity to support thousands of users simultaneously. Many large financial institutions rely on mainframes for processing banking transactions and maintaining databases.

Microprocessors are the "brain" of modern computers, executing instructions within PCs and mobile devices. Their speed and efficiency are critical for the performance of hardware components, influencing everything from personal computing to embedded systems in appliances.

Personal Computers (PCs) are versatile hardware used across industries for various tasks, including document processing, data analysis, and software development. They form the backbone of individual productivity in business environments.

Network Computers are specialized devices that connect to organizational networks, facilitating communication and data sharing. This includes servers, network switches, and routers that create the infrastructure for IT operations and collaborative work.

The World Wide Web and Internet revolutionized business by enabling rapid, worldwide communication and access to information. Companies use websites for marketing, customer support, and e-commerce, while the internet supports email, collaboration tools, and cloud computing.

Wired Broadband Technology provides high-speed, stable internet connections essential for data-intensive business applications. Wireless Broadband offers mobility and flexibility, supporting remote work and branch offices.

PC Software includes productivity suites like Microsoft Office, accounting programs, and specialized business applications. These tools enhance efficiency, communication, and data management within organizations.

Networking Software manages, secures, and optimizes data flow across organizational networks. Firewalls, virtual private networks (VPNs), and network management tools ensure reliable and secure connectivity.

Computer Security Software protects business systems against malware, unauthorized access, and cyber threats. Antivirus, intrusion detection systems, and encryption solutions are vital for safeguarding sensitive information and maintaining trust.

References

• Laudon, K. C., & Laudon, J. P. (2020). Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm. Pearson.
• O'Brien, J. A., & Marakas, G. M. (2011). Management Information Systems. McGraw-Hill Education.
• Shaw, M., & Feeny, D. (1994). Information Systems in Business. Academic Press.
• Turban, E., Volonino, L., & Wood, G. (2015). Information Technology for Management: Digital Strategies for Insight, Action, and Sustainable Performance. Wiley.
• Turban, E., King, D., Lee, J. K., Liang, T. P., & Turban, D. C. (2018). Electronic Commerce 2018: A Managerial Perspective. Pearson.
• Laudon, K. C., & Traver, C. G. (2021). E-commerce 2021. Pearson.
• Hoffer, J. A., George, J. F., & Valacich, J. S. (2019). Modern Systems Analysis and Design. Pearson.
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