Death And Dying Short Answer Questions. Question 1. Give 2 C ✓ Solved

DEATH AND DYING Short Answer Questions. Question 1. Give 2 c

DEATH AND DYING Short Answer Questions.

Question 1. Give 2 clear examples of communicable diseases and 2 clear examples of degenerative diseases. Do not include examples that have components of both types.

Question 2. As discussed in class, rather than constantly offering advice or hunting for the right thing to say, sometimes the best thing we can do for a dying person, or for a person who is dealing with significant grief, is just “______________________”.

Question 3. Cindy drank heavily and then took several Tylenol (acetaminophen). Explain why this is not a good idea.

Question 4. Explain the statement 'A social inequality of death exists' with relevant information and provide an actual real‑world example.

Question 5. Provide a clear hypothetical example of someone in the 'bargaining' stage of grief.

Question 6. Compare coping styles: Barb (church, volunteering) vs Lisa (excessive sleep, alcohol use, avoidance). Who has the most effective coping style? Explain.

Question 7. Compare coping styles: John (exercise, church, music, talking) vs Larry (music, journaling, activities, photo album, discussion). Who has the most effective coping style? Explain.

Paper For Above Instructions

Introduction

This paper answers seven short questions about communicable and degenerative illnesses, supportive responses to dying and grieving people, alcohol–acetaminophen risks, social inequality of death, and grief stages and coping styles. Answers draw on public health guidance and bereavement literature to provide concise, evidence-based responses (WHO, 2021; Kübler‑Ross, 1969; Stroebe & Schut, 1999).

Question 1: Examples of Diseases

Two clear examples of communicable diseases: (1) Influenza — a viral respiratory infection transmitted person to person via droplets (WHO, 2021); (2) Tuberculosis — caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and transmitted primarily through airborne droplets (CDC, 2020).

Two clear examples of degenerative diseases: (1) Alzheimer’s disease — a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline (Alzheimer’s Association, 2020); (2) Osteoarthritis — age-related degeneration of joint cartilage leading to pain and impaired mobility (CDC, 2019).

Question 2: The Best Thing to Do for Someone Who Is Dying or Grieving

Often the most helpful action is simply to be present and listen. Expressing presence and willingness to listen—sitting quietly, holding a hand, or saying “I’m here with you” without trying to fix the situation—validates the person’s experience and provides emotional support (APA, 2017; Doka, 2016).

Question 3: Why Taking Acetaminophen after Heavy Alcohol Use Is Dangerous

Combining heavy alcohol consumption with multiple doses of acetaminophen (Tylenol) increases the risk of acute liver injury. Chronic or recent alcohol use induces liver enzymes (e.g., CYP2E1) that convert acetaminophen into toxic metabolites; excessive acetaminophen doses can overwhelm glutathione reserves leading to hepatotoxicity and acute liver failure (Mayo Clinic, 2020; NIAAA, 2018). Therefore, taking several acetaminophen tablets after binge drinking can precipitate severe liver damage and should be avoided.

Question 4: Social Inequality of Death — Explanation and Example

The phrase “a social inequality of death exists” refers to systematic differences in mortality and causes of death across social groups tied to socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, geography, and access to healthcare (Marmot, 2005; Krieger, 2011). Social determinants such as poverty, housing, education, occupational hazards, and access to preventive services shape exposure to risk factors and the quality of treatment, producing disparities in life expectancy and causes of death (WHO, 2013).

Example: In many countries, low‑income communities have higher rates of premature cardiovascular disease and lower access to specialty care, resulting in higher mortality from treatable conditions compared with affluent communities (Marmot et al., 2010). In the United States, Black and Native American populations have experienced higher COVID‑19 mortality during the pandemic due to structural inequities, crowded housing, frontline employment, and unequal access to healthcare (CDC, 2021).

Question 5: Hypothetical Example of Bargaining Stage

Example: After learning that her partner has terminal cancer, Maria repeatedly tells clinicians and herself, “If I can just get another month with him, I’ll move to his hometown, quit my job, and take care of him full‑time,” and she searches for experimental treatments or alternative cures while telling friends she will do anything to change the outcome. This bargaining reflects attempts to negotiate for more time and control in the face of loss (Kübler‑Ross, 1969).

Question 6: Comparing Barb and Lisa — Effectiveness of Coping Styles

Barb demonstrates adaptive coping: social support, meaning‑making through church, and purposeful activity via volunteering—strategies associated with better bereavement adjustment (Stroebe & Schut, 1999; APA, 2017). Lisa’s pattern—excessive sleep, heavy alcohol use, and avoidance of social support—represents maladaptive coping that increases risk for prolonged grief, depression, substance misuse, and functional impairment (Bonanno, 2004; NIAAA, 2018). Therefore, Barb shows the more effective coping style; her active engagement with support and purposeful activity supports resilience and healthy mourning.

Question 7: Comparing John and Larry — Effectiveness of Coping Styles

Both John and Larry use adaptive strategies. John employs physical activity, spirituality, creative expression (guitar), and open conversation with friends—combining problem‑focused and emotion‑focused coping that facilitate processing and social support (Stroebe & Schut, 1999). Larry uses soothing music, journaling, family activities, and collaborative memorialization (photo album and discussion), which promote reflection, meaning reconstruction, and shared remembrance—also adaptive and therapeutic (Neimeyer, 2001).

Between them, both demonstrate effective coping. Larry’s activity of memorialization and structured meaning‑making (photo album) slightly favors long‑term integration of the loss, while John’s diverse outlets (physical, social, spiritual, creative) provide broad resilience resources. Both approaches are consistent with healthy bereavement; effectiveness depends on individual needs and the extent to which strategies are sustained and adaptive rather than avoidant (Stroebe & Schut, 1999).

Conclusion

Clear distinction between communicable and degenerative diseases supports public health action. For people facing dying or grieving, presence and listening are often more helpful than advice. Combining alcohol with acetaminophen risks serious hepatotoxicity. Social inequalities produce measurable differences in mortality and access to care. In grief, bargaining is a normal stage; coping that engages social support, purposeful activity, and meaning‑making tends to be more effective than avoidance and substance use (Kübler‑Ross, 1969; Stroebe & Schut, 1999).

References

• Alzheimer’s Association. (2020). 2020 Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures. Alzheimer’s & Dementia.
• American Psychological Association (APA). (2017). Coping with grief and loss. https://www.apa.org
• Bonanno, G. A. (2004). Loss, trauma, and human resilience. American Psychologist, 59(1), 20–28.
• CDC. (2020). Tuberculosis (TB). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/tb
• CDC. (2021). Health equity considerations and racial and ethnic minority groups. https://www.cdc.gov
• Doka, K. (2016). Grief Is a Journey: Finding Your Path Through Loss. Atria Books.
• Kübler‑Ross, E. (1969). On Death and Dying. Macmillan.
• Krieger, N. (2011). The health of populations: Social determinants and public health. Oxford University Press.
• Marmot, M. (2005). The social determinants of health inequalities. Lancet, 365(9464), 1099–1104.
• Mayo Clinic. (2020). Acetaminophen (Tylenol) safety and liver damage. https://www.mayoclinic.org
• National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). (2018). Alcohol and liver disease. https://www.niaaa.nih.gov
• Neimeyer, R. A. (2001). Meaning reconstruction & the experience of loss. American Psychological Association.
• Stroebe, M., & Schut, H. (1999). The dual process model of coping with bereavement. Death Studies, 23(3), 197–224.
• World Health Organization (WHO). (2021). Communicable diseases. https://www.who.int