Demographics: Clients Name, Address, City, State, Zip 759841
Demographicsclients Nameaddresscitystatezipphone Numberdate Of Birtha
Demographics clients Name address city state zip phone Number date Of Birth a
Demographics Client's Name Address City State Zip Phone Number Date of Birth Age Medications Social Security Number Jessica 2150, 56 street Orlando fl -Jul 27 Abilify Wendy 5678 E Tamarac st Orlando fl -Feb 24 oxcarbazepine Joseph 5603 Jasmine St Orlando fl -Jun 35 alprazolam Robert 731 Errol Cir Orlando fl -Feb 44 orazepam Yvonne 536 Trailwood dr Orlando fl -Jan 57 chlordiazepoxide Diana 2700 Harris St Orlando fl -Dec 21 buspirone Steve 3487 Rimes st Orlando fl -Mar 64 Symbyax Sherry 557 highview dr Orlando fl -Jan 29 Abilify Krystal 475 ponce de leon Orlando fl -May 38 buspirone Michael 2755 errol pkwy Orlando fl -Jul 59 Lorazepam Ricardo 522 E Lane Orlando fl -Feb 62 Symbyax Allen, Mike 854 Washington st Orlando fl -Aug 34 alprazolam Christina 145 7th street Orlando fl -May 24 oxcarbazepine Tamara 333 forest ave Orlando fl -Jul 74 Amphetamine John 317 arnold dr Orlando fl -Mar 51 Abilify Edward 217 1st street Orlando fl -Jun 43 chlordiazepoxide Shawn 518 charlet st Orlando fl -Jan 27 Symbyax Emilio 1475 ocean way Orlando fl -Jan 24 Amphetamine jane 1118 palm dr Orlando fl -Dec 45 Lorazepam Karanda Farmer June 6,2014 Encounters Client's Name Therapist Seen Service Provided Date of Service Hours of Service Amount Due Amount Paid Invoice Report Organization Name and Address Client Name and Address INVOICE 06/06/14 Therapist Seen Service Provided Date of Service Hours of Service Amount Due Amount Paid TOTALS $0.00 $0.00 Graph PLEASE READ: So in week 6 we continue to increase of our scrutiny of the physical world by drawing our attention even deeper into the world of atoms and the study of quantum theory.
We will discover that the mechanics we learned in Physics part 1 does still apply in many ways BUT also needs some extra help to include a reality so different than what Sir Isaac Newton had to observe in his time. We will find that the act of making measurements and observations actually have us disturbing a system to the extent we become part of the system in the sense we change the conditions of the system. We find that predictions of behavior of a system are not as defined and clear as what we expect when making macroscopic measurements like where a planet is or the flight path of a football. We find ourselves in a world that requires a statistical approach that also limits our ability to know such things as position and momentum perfectly and at the same time.
This is known as the Uncertainty Principle. We also find ourselves in a world where certain conditions must be met and disallow but only for a certain discrete number of possibilities and the probabilities on when and where they can exist. In the Bohr model of hydrogen we find that the electrons are in an orbit around the nucleus. We find that they cannot just be anywhere around the nucleus but only in certain "levels" and with specific properties pertaining to their energy, linear momentum, angular momentum and rotation or spin. We find the simple Bohr model powerful and yet not able to deal effectively with other elements, yet it still gives us an understanding and picture of the atom.
We also find something very odd indeed. That matter actually has wave properties. We saw this last week with light. That light or the photon can be both a particle and a wave. Actually, it is the model we make to understand nature that allows us to call something a particle or a wave.
The same is true of matter. We tend to think of matter as this definite object taking a specific amount of space. How then can we use a wave model to describe matter? It goes back to what I said above. If you try to locate a particle so small that you cannot tell but to within only a small uncertainty where it is and how it is, then you might find it easier to make a mathematical formula trying to describe the system.
This math is called a wave function. We will look at what a wave function is in the lab this week and see how it helps us predict the behavior of a system when it is on the atomic scale. But what do you ask does that have to do with everyday objects? We will find out that macroscopic matter could also be described using these wave functions but that they turn out to be very small indeed. That is because looking at a baseball in flight with light from the sun does not alter the momentum of the ball to any degree we can observe, but it does!
Light is energy and in the form of either a wave or particle, it is interacting with the ball. Only the effect is so very small we never notice it. So here we go with the problems for the Week 6 assignment. REMIINDER!!! Some things to remember when setting up your solutions: 1) Be sure to check your units so that they are all compatible.
Example, you may find some units in grams or kilograms while you find other entities in meters/sec or km/sec. Choose what units you are required to answer in or if not required what units you choose. The system of MKS is the standard in the course, but that does not mean the problems are given as mixture like cm/s and kg. 2) Double check that your conversions are correct and that you did not make an error by using dimensional analysis in the calculations. Seconds never will equal kilometers for instance.
Although I do not weigh this type of error heavily, I want you to use what I call the "Bungler Alarm" which is to sit back and review your answer and see if it makes sense. Example, if a problem was involving a small distance in cm, you would not expect your conversions to bring you hundreds of miles, unless, of course, you were asked to find a really big distance. 3) I have already solved all the problems as well as reviewed the answer key provided to me from the university. I check if there are mistakes including if any constants were used incorrectly. This BTW is why I mentioned you should not waste time and search for similar problems on the web.
Many times the mistake was not caught and the error in the calculation just propagates. YOU have the ability to do these problems if you read the slides, read the textbook and participate in the discussions. You also have me. That is why I am here, to bring a warm blooded venue to online teaching. AND I WILL BE THERE TO HELP YOU to understand the material and to understand what it is you are being asked to solve.
Question for week 6 - What does a matter wave truly represent? Also what is the connection between PSI and PSI^2? After reading my notes above, and viewing the lessons for the week you should start to realize something about the reality of matter and energy. They are one and the same! Think E=mc^2 .
Think of matter as very densely packed energy. I will help you start by answering the second question: the wave function PSI allows one, mathematically, to predict to within a limited certainty, the future status of a system. (We do not have a way to directly observe atomic systems). It contains information about the system. PSI has no direct physical meaning, it is a precursor to a more useful function called PSI^2. PSI can be positive and negative in sign.
PSI^2 however is the probability of finding a particle in space about the atom, and is only positive in value and "lives" in value between 0 and 1. It is the odds of finding an electron in an atom at a given moment or finding it every at a location in general. This means it gives real physical meaning on position. It will also turn out that because of the Uncertainty Principle, the better you know position the worse you know the momentum, and the better you know momentum the worse you know position. You cannot have both with equal accuracy AT THE SAME TIME! We will explore PSI and PSI^2 in the lab this week.
Paper For Above instruction
The provided material presents a comprehensive overview of quantum mechanics, focusing on the nature of matter waves, the uncertainty principle, and the significance of the wave function (psi) and its squared magnitude. This exploration is essential for understanding the fundamental nature of atoms and their behavior at the quantum level, which differs markedly from classical physics.
To understand what a matter wave truly represents, it is crucial to recognize that matter, contrary to everyday intuition, exhibits wave-like properties as demonstrated by de Broglie’s hypothesis. Louis de Broglie proposed that particles such as electrons possess wave characteristics, fundamentally linking the concepts of matter and energy, aligning with Einstein’s mass-energy equivalence, E=mc^2. This duality implies that particles can behave both as localized objects—particles—and as extended, oscillating entities—waves—depending on how they are observed. A matter wave embodies the probability amplitude of a particle's presence in a particular region of space, rather than a physical wave like those of light. This probabilistic nature is captured by the wave function, psi (Ψ), which encodes all the measurable properties of a quantum system at a given time.
The wave function itself, Ψ, does not have a direct physical interpretation; rather, it is a mathematical construct whose significance emerges through its square, Ψ². Ψ² provides the probability density of locating a particle—such as an electron—at a specific position in space. The probability density value ranges from 0 to 1, meaning that a higher Ψ² indicates a greater likelihood of finding the particle there, while a value near zero indicates a low probability. This interpretation reveals the intrinsic probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics, contrasting sharply with classical certainty about particle positions.
The connection between Ψ and Ψ² is thus fundamental in quantum physics. While Ψ itself can be positive or negative (or even complex), only the square modulus, |Ψ|² (which reduces to Ψ² in one dimension when Ψ is real), corresponds to a physical probability. This probabilistic interpretation underpins the statistical predictions made in quantum mechanics, such as the likelihood of an electron being located in a particular atomic shell or orbital. Furthermore, the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle specifies that there exists a fundamental limit to simultaneously knowing both a particle’s position and momentum with absolute precision. Better knowledge of one inevitably entails less certainty about the other, emphasizing the intrinsic limitations imposed by quantum laws.
The wave-particle duality extends beyond light and electrons, suggesting that macroscopic objects, although governed by quantum rules, appear classical because their wave-like properties are exceedingly small. For example, the wave functions describing large objects like baseballs are so minuscule that their effects are undetectable and negligible in daily life. However, at the atomic scale, these wave properties dominate, dictating the discrete energy levels and probabilistic nature of matter. The mathematical formalism involving wave functions allows physicists to predict the behavior of particles, despite not being able to directly observe their instantaneous states.
In conclusion, the matter wave does not represent a literal wave traveling through space, but a probability amplitude that encodes the likelihood of finding particles in particular locations. The link between Ψ and Ψ² embodies the core of quantum mechanics’ probabilistic predictions. Recognizing matter as densely packed energy, as suggested by Einstein, helps unify mass and energy concepts and underscores the fundamental wave-particle duality that defines modern physics. These ideas challenge our classical intuitions, requiring a statistical and non-deterministic view of the microscopic universe, which contrasts sharply with macroscopic physics but provides a profound understanding of the structure of reality at the smallest scales.
References
- De Broglie, L. (1924). Recherches sur la théorie des quanta. Annales de Physique, 3(10), 22–29.
- Heisenberg, W. (1927). Über den anschaulichen Inhalt der quantentheoretischen Kinematik und Mechanik. Zeitschrift für Physik, 43(3-4), 172–198.
- Dirac, P. A. M. (1930). The Principles of Quantum Mechanics. Oxford University Press.
- Tipler, P. A., & Llewellyn, R. (2014). Modern Physics. W. H. Freeman and Company.
- Griffiths, D. J. (2018). Introduction to Quantum Mechanics. Cambridge University Press.
- Einstein, A. (1905). Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content? Annalen der Physik, 18(13), 639–641.
- Shoemaker, D. P. (2017). Quantum Physics: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press.
- Feynman, R., Leighton, R., & Sands, M. (2010). The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol. III. Basic Books.
- Ballentine, L. E. (1998). Quantum Mechanics: A Modern Development. World Scientific.
- Harrison, P. (2000). Quantum Wells, Wires and Dots: Theoretical and Computational Physics. Wiley.