Develop Concept Map Using The Form Provided

Question

Develop Andconcept Map Using The Form Provided On The Following Pat Develop and concept map, using the form provided, on the following patient. Include diagnostic data and medical orders that you expect to be ordered for the patient. T.J., a 30-year-old African American client, is in his last year of law school and is clerk­ing for a prestigious law firm. He and his fiancé plan to marry as soon as he graduates. During the last week, he has had four dizzy spells and a headache at the base of his skull upon awakening for the last 2 days. His father has a history of hypertension, so T.J. is aware that his symptoms may indicate high blood pressure. On his way home from work, T.J. stops by the clinic and asks the nurse to check his blood pressure. The nursing assessment yields the following data. Subjective data: States he has had four dizzy spells and has awakened with a headache in the occipital lobe the last two mornings. T.J. has 1 glass of wine at lunch and 2-3 beers in the evening to relax from the tension of school and work. Most of his meals are at fast-food establishments and have a high-fat content. T.J. does not smoke. He used to jog 4 mornings a week but quit when he started clerking. He has had nocturia for the last 3 weeks. He is not taking any medication. Objective data: T 98.6°F(37°C), AP 78 beats/min, R 16 breaths/min, BP 142/92 mm Hg, Wt 190 lbs (optimum weight 160). No edema noted in hands, feet, or legs.

Dr. Jack HW Helper · Accepted Answer

Introduction Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a chronic medical condition characterized by persistent elevation of arterial blood pressure. It is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases such as stroke, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. The pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations, and management strategies of hypertension are vital to understanding and effectively addressing this condition, especially in populations with increased predisposition like African Americans. Pathophysiology of Hypertension Hypertension involves complex interactions among the vascular, renal, nervous, and endocrine systems. It primarily results from an increase in systemic vascular resistance or cardiac output, or a combination of both. The regulation of blood pressure is mediated by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), sympathetic nervous system, and local factors such as endothelial function. In hypertensive states, there is often endothelial dysfunction, leading to vasoconstriction, increased peripheral resistance, and eventual hypertrophy of the vascular smooth muscle. Chronic hypertension causes structural changes in arteries, including thickening of vessel walls and reduced elasticity, which perpetuate elevated blood pressure levels and increase the risk of vascular damage. Risk Factors for Hypertension 1. Genetic predisposition: Family history of hypertension, as reported in T.J.'s father, significantly increases risk. 2. Lifestyle factors: - High dietary intake of saturated fats and sodium, common with fast-food consumption. - Sedentary lifestyle, evidenced by tapering jogging routine. - Excess alcohol consumption, specifically 1 glass of wine at lunch and 2-3 beers in the evening. 3. Other risk factors: - Obesity (weighing 190 lbs with an ideal weight of 160 lbs). - Ethnicity, as African Americans tend to develop hypertension earlier with more severe complications. - Nocturia may reflect underlying renal involv

Develop Concept Map Using The Form Provided

Develop Andconcept Map Using The Form Provided On The Following Pat

Paper For Above instruction

Introduction

Pathophysiology of Hypertension

Risk Factors for Hypertension

Possible Medications for Hypertension

Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Data

Nursing Interventions and Medical Management

Client Education Points

Conclusion

References