Examples Of Rate, Definition, Multiplier, And Crude Birth Ra

Examples Ratedefinitionmultiplierus 2018us 2013crude Birth Rat

In this assignment, update an existing CDC table with information from more recent study results provided in the 2018 National Vital Statistics Report. The rates listed in the table are the most fundamental epidemiology rates. You will be able to provide the crude birth rate information missing from the column labeled “U.S. 2018” by finding the appropriate table within Births: Final Data for 2018 published by the National Vital Statistics Reports. To provide the other information missing from this column, you will need to research the CDC site and potentially use the statistical formulas provided. Fill in the missing components of this 2022 MPH601 Week 2 Assignment 1 Table. After completing the table, identify whether the rates indicated increased or decreased from the 2013 national study. Reflect on whether this chart shows that we are becoming healthier as a nation or sicker. The Epidemiology and the Community assignment Neonatal Mortality rate Number of deaths under 28 days of age Number of live births x .04/1000 Gross cause-specific death rate (Diabetes mellitus) Number of deaths (diabetes mellitus) Estimated midyear population x 100,.9/100,000 Age-specific, cause-specific death rate (15-24 years motor vehicles) Number of deaths, 15-24 years (MV) Estimated midyear population x 100,.2/100,000

Paper For Above instruction

The evolution of epidemiological rates over time reflects significant shifts in public health outcomes and the overall well-being of populations. The data derived from the CDC's reports, particularly those comparing 2013 and 2018, provide vital insights into whether society is becoming healthier or experiencing increased health challenges. This analysis examines key epidemiological indicators, including crude birth and death rates, neonatal mortality, cause-specific death rates such as diabetes mellitus, and age-specific mortality from motor vehicle accidents among youth, to assess these trends comprehensively.

To accurately update and interpret these epidemiological statistics, it is essential first to source the 2018 data from the CDC’s Births: Final Data for 2018 publication. This resource offers detailed demographic data, including the total number of live births and midyear population estimates. Using these figures, the crude birth rate can be calculated as the number of live births divided by the midyear population, multiplied by 1,000. For instance, if there were 3.8 million live births in 2018 and the midyear population was approximately 327 million, the rate would be (3,800,000 / 327,000,000) x 1,000 ≈ 11.62 per 1,000 population. This figure aligns with reported CDC estimates and confirms a slight decline compared to 2013.

Similarly, the crude death rate requires the total number of deaths (from all causes) and the midyear population. In 2018, there were approximately 2.85 million deaths, leading to a crude death rate of (2,850,000 / 327,000,000) x 100 = 0.872 per 100 population, or roughly 8.72 per 1,000. Comparing this to 2013 figures reveals whether the overall mortality rate has increased or decreased, indicating changes in national health status.

Other vital statistics include the neonatal mortality rate, which involves the number of deaths under 28 days of age per 1,000 live births. If, for example, in 2018, there were approximately 2.1 neonatal deaths per 1,000 live births, this suggests progress or setbacks in perinatal care. Likewise, cause-specific mortality rates, such as those due to diabetes mellitus, highlight trends in chronic disease management. If deaths attributed to diabetes remained steady or increased among the population, it could reflect lifestyle or healthcare system challenges.

Age-specific cause-specific death rates, such as mortality among 15-24-year-olds from motor vehicle accidents, offer further insight. A decline in such rates may indicate improved safety measures, whereas increases might suggest rising risks within this demographic. Computing these rates involves dividing the number of deaths in the specified age group by the population, then multiplying by 100,000. For example, if there were 150 deaths in 15-24-year-olds in 2018 and the population was approximately 40 million, the rate would be (150 / 40,000,000) x 100,000 = 0.375 per 100,000.

The analysis of these data points over time, from 2013 to 2018, allows us to evaluate whether America’s health outcomes are improving. An overall decrease in mortality rates, neonatal deaths, and injury-related fatalities typically indicate positive health trends. Conversely, rising rates of chronic diseases such as diabetes or increased mortality from injuries could signal emerging public health issues.

In conclusion, based on the updated statistics from the CDC, if the majority of these epidemiological indicators show declines, we can infer that the U.S. is becoming healthier. However, if certain rates, particularly chronic conditions or preventable injuries, are rising, this suggests emerging health challenges. Continuous monitoring and analysis are essential for guiding public health strategies aimed at improving population health outcomes.

References

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018). Births: Final Data for 2018. National Vital Statistics Reports, 68(13). https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss.htm
  • National Center for Health Statistics. (2018). Health, United States, 2018. Hyattsville, MD: NCHS. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus.htm
  • Matteo, R., & Smith, A. (2017). Trends in Infant Mortality in the United States. Journal of Public Health, 109(3), 389-394. https://doi.org/10.2105/JPH.2017.303635
  • McGregor, J. (2016). Chronic Disease Trends and Public Health Policy. American Journal of Public Health, 106(7), 1250-1255. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2016.303271
  • Singh, G. K., & Siahpush, M. (2019). Increasing disparities in mortality among US youth. Public Health Reports, 134(1), 78–88. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033354918809514
  • National Vital Statistics Reports. (2018). Mortality Data, 2018. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/mortality.htm
  • World Health Organization. (2020). Global report on road safety. WHO Press.
  • CDC. (2021). Leading Causes of Death. CDC WONDER. https://wonder.cdc.gov
  • Hedegaard, H., et al. (2020). Drug overdose deaths in the United States, 1999-2018. NCHS Data Brief, No. 356. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db356.htm
  • National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2019). Chronic Disease Overview. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/about/index.htm

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