For Each Therapy Modality, You Will Identify The Foll 041507

For Each Therapy Modality You Will Identify The Followingtherapy Crit

For each therapy modality you will identify the following: Therapy criteria: Identify the therapy modality by name. Identify the originator (creator) of the specific modality. Identify a specific diagnosis or population this modality is especially helpful with. Note specific focus, emphasis, and/or goals of this modality. Therapy modalities (define criteria for each modality): Motivational Interviewing.

Paper For Above instruction

Motivational Interviewing (MI) is a client-centered, directive counseling approach developed by William R. Miller and Stephen Rollnick in the 1980s. It was originally created to address issues related to substance abuse but has since expanded to include a wide range of behavioral health problems. MI is distinguished by its emphasis on enhancing an individual’s motivation to change by exploring and resolving ambivalence through open-ended questions, reflective listening, and affirmations, fostering a collaborative partnership between therapist and client. The overarching goal of MI is to facilitate intrinsic motivation for change, leading to improved commitment and sustained behavioral modifications.

The originator of Motivational Interviewing, William R. Miller, is a clinical psychologist and researcher whose work focused on substance abuse treatment and the psychology of motivation. Miller, alongside Stephen Rollnick, developed MI based on principles from humanistic psychology and cognitive-behavioral strategies. Their collaborative effort aimed to create a brief, pragmatic, and empathetic approach that could effectively increase motivation to change without confrontation or coercion.

Motivational Interviewing is particularly helpful for individuals diagnosed with substance use disorders, including alcohol and drug dependence. It is also effective with populations struggling with behavioral health issues such as smoking cessation, obesity, medication adherence, and mental health conditions like depression and anxiety that may involve ambivalence toward treatment or change. MI is beneficial for clients who are ambivalent about change, resistant, or have low motivation, as it helps resolve internal conflicts and fosters readiness for action.

The specific focus of MI centers on eliciting and strengthening intrinsic motivation rather than imposing external pressure. The primary emphasis is on exploring the client’s own reasons for change, affirming their autonomy, and supporting their ability to make decisions aligned with their values and goals. The goals include increasing awareness of the discrepancy between current behaviors and broader life values, reducing resistance, and empowering clients to initiate and sustain behavioral change.

In practice, Motivational Interviewing employs core techniques such as open-ended questions, reflective listening, affirmations, and summarizing to facilitate a nonjudgmental atmosphere conducive to change. The therapist adopts a collaborative, empathetic stance, which helps clients feel understood and supported. The overarching focus is on guiding clients as they articulate their motivations, identify barriers, and develop confidence in their ability to change, thereby promoting long-term adherence and healthier lifestyles.

References

• Amrhein, P. C., Miller, W. R., Yahne, C. E., & Palmer, M. (2003). Client Engagement in Motivational Interviewing. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 25(3), 213-218.
• Miller, W. R., & Rollnick, S. (2013). Motivational Interviewing: Helping People Change (3rd ed.). Guilford Press.
• Hettema, J., Steele, J., & Miller, W. R. (2005). Motivational interviewing. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 1, 91-111.
• Baer, J. S., Campbell, B., Albarracin, D., & Silva, P. (2007). Propagating change: Psychological research on the effectiveness of motivational interviewing. Psychology & Marketing, 24(2), 125-146.
• Lundahl, B., Kunz, C., Button, M., & Liquorice, D. (2010). A meta-analysis of motivational interviewing: Twenty-five years of empirical studies. Research on Social Work Practice, 20(2), 137-160.