For This Week's Discussion Board Review Dr. Elisabeth Kubler

For This Weeks Discussion Board Review Dr Elisabeth Kubler Rosss5

For this week's discussion board, review Dr. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross's 5 Stages of Dying. Why is it important for healthcare workers to understand the 5 stages? Pick 2 of the 5 stages and discuss what types of behaviors would be associated with that particular stage and how should the healthcare worker respond. For example, Anger: The patient might yell at the receptionist because their appointment is running behind. Response: The receptionist, understanding that time is important to this patient and that they are angry, will assure the patient that they are doing everything to get them in as soon as possible. It is vital that the receptionist stays calm and does not take the angry outburst from the patient personally.

Paper For Above instruction

The recognition and understanding of the five stages of dying, as identified by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, are fundamental for healthcare professionals who provide end-of-life care. These stages—denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance—are not necessarily linear but serve as a framework to comprehend the emotional responses of patients facing terminal illnesses. Healthcare workers equipped with this knowledge can foster a compassionate environment, improve communication, and deliver more patient-centered care, ultimately easing patients’ emotional burdens and enhancing their quality of life despite their prognosis.

Understanding the significance of these stages allows healthcare providers to interpret patients’ behaviors accurately and respond appropriately. Patients’ emotional reactions are often rooted in their psychological process of grappling with impending death. Recognizing these reactions as natural responses can prevent healthcare professionals from misjudging a patient’s behavior and enable them to respond with empathy and patience. Furthermore, understanding these stages helps professionals anticipate the needs of the patient, provide timely psychological support, and coordinate comprehensive care strategies that address not only physical symptoms but emotional distress as well.

Let us explore two of the five stages—anger and depression—in detail, focusing on typical behaviors and appropriate healthcare responses. These insights are vital for fostering a supportive environment where patients feel understood and cared for, thereby facilitating healthier coping mechanisms during challenging times.

Anger is a common response in patients experiencing terminal illness and is often characterized by irritability, frustration, and resentment. Patients may direct their anger toward healthcare staff, family members, or themselves, and may vocalize accusatory or hostile comments. For example, a patient might yell at a nurse or become confrontational when experiencing pain or feeling overwhelmed by their condition. Such behaviors stem from feelings of helplessness, loss of control, or perceived unfairness related to their situation.

Healthcare workers should respond to anger with patience and empathy, understanding that the emotion is a natural reaction to their suffering and loss. A nurse or caregiver can acknowledge the patient’s feelings without escalating the situation by maintaining a calm demeanor, listening actively, and offering reassurance. For instance, responding with, “I can see this is very upsetting for you,” or “It’s okay to feel angry; I’m here with you,” validates their emotions and can help de-escalate aggressive behaviors. Providing a safe space for emotional expression and avoiding arguments or confrontations is essential. Additionally, involving mental health professionals if necessary can support patients in managing their anger more constructively.

Depression is another prevalent stage, characterized by feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and withdrawal. Patients may demonstrate a lack of interest in activities, express feelings of despair, or minimize the importance of treatment. Behaviors can include withdrawal from social interactions, statements highlighting their suffering, or neglecting self-care. For instance, a patient might become silent during conversations or refuse to participate in daily routines, reflecting a sense of hopelessness about their future.

Healthcare professionals should respond to depression with sensitivity and compassion, recognizing it as a natural response to terminal illness. Active listening and offering presence can provide comfort; healthcare workers should ensure that the patient feels heard and supported. When appropriate, gently encouraging open dialogue about feelings and fears can be therapeutic, and referrals to mental health specialists or spiritual counselors may be beneficial. Providing information about available resources and emphasizing that help is accessible can also help reduce feelings of isolation and despair. Maintaining a compassionate environment can promote hope and reassure patients that they are not alone in their journey.

In summary, empathy and understanding of the emotional stages in dying patients are crucial in healthcare settings. Recognizing behaviors associated with anger and depression enables professionals to respond in ways that validate patients’ feelings, enhance trust, and support their emotional well-being. Such an approach requires patience, active listening, and the ability to provide emotional support, which ultimately contributes to dignified and compassionate care at the end of life.

References

  • Kubler-Ross, E. (1969). On Death and Dying. Scribner.
  • Coulehan, J. L., & Block, M. (1990). The medical interview: mastering skills for clinical practice. F. A. Davis Company.
  • Gerow, A., & Alpert, J. (2019). The five stages of grief and how they impact end-of-life care. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 22(4), 340-345. https://doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2018.0398
  • Kübler-Ross, E., & Kessler, D. (2005). On Grief and Grieving: Finding the Meaning of Grief through the Five Stages of Loss. Scribner.
  • Macdonald, C., et al. (2005). Dying with dignity: The role of palliative care nurses. Journal of Palliative & Supportive Care, 3(2), 127-134. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1478951505001224
  • Feifel, D. (2011). The "good death": The role of psychological and spiritual support in end-of-life care. American Journal of Psychiatry, 168(7), 730-735. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.10121707
  • Rosenfeld, P., et al. (2018). Emotional responses of cancer patients and the impact of psychological interventions. Psycho-Oncology, 27(3), 905-912. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.4674
  • Northouse, L. L. (2018). Introduction to Nursing: Psychology, Pathophysiology, and Nursing Care. Pearson.
  • Hudson, P., et al. (2006). Transcending suffering: A descriptive study of spiritual beliefs, practices, and resources among palliative patients. Palliative & Supportive Care, 4(4), 343-352. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1478951506064844
  • Azoulay, E., et al. (2009). Advances in end-of-life care and supportive therapies. Critical Care Medicine, 37(3), 964-970. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0b013e318193ed02

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