GERO 100 Final Exam Instructions ✓ Solved

GERO 100 Final Examination Instructions

This final exam is 25% multiple choice, 25% short answer, and 50% short essay. The purpose of this exam is to test students’ understanding of the content that has been covered in this course. You may use your text materials and other resource materials, but you may not consult with students, instructors, family, friends, coworkers, or any other party to complete your work.

References must be properly cited using APA format. Failure to adhere to these rules may result in disciplinary action under UMUC Code 150.25 Academic Dishonesty and Plagiarism.

Part One: Multiple Choice (5pts)

1. Reasons that the population of the United States is aging include:
   • a) An increase in the infant mortality (death) rate
   • b) Both C & D
   • c) Improvements in public health and medical technology
   • d) An increase in overall life expectancy
2. Which of the following are indicative of normal brain aging?
   • a) A decrease in gray matter in the brain
   • b) A diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease
   • c) Both A & D
   • d) Occasional forgetfulness
3. Rowe and Kahn’s theory of successful aging considers all of the following to be indicators of successful aging except:
   • a) Being content with one’s life
   • b) Maintaining high cognitive functioning
   • c) Maintaining high physical health/being disability free
   • d) Remaining engaged with life/maintaining socialization
4. Biological theories of aging typically fall into two categories: programmed and damage/error theories. All the following theories are examples of programmed theories of aging except:
   • a) Endocrine theory
   • b) Free radicals theory
   • c) Programmed longevity theory
   • d) Immunological theory
5. All of the following statements about Medicare are false except:
   • a) People typically become eligible for Medicare at age 55
   • b) Medicare is a public assistance program primarily based on financial need
   • c) Medicare is funded by the Social Security Act of 1965
   • d) Long-term care services and supports are always covered by Medicare

Part Two: Short Answer (5pts)

1) Describe continuity theory and activity theory, and recommend how to apply these two psychosocial theories of aging to improve Mr. Flay’s life.

2) Describe how ageism may negatively impact an older adult’s financial, mental, and physical health.

Part Three: Short Essay (10 pts)

Discuss the largest challenges (at least two in detail) facing older adults and society as the United States population continues to age. Describe how these challenges can be addressed, supporting your arguments with citations from the course materials or scholarly sources. Cite your sources in-text and provide a reference list in APA format.

Paper For Above Instructions

The aging population in the United States presents unique challenges that require our immediate attention and innovative solutions. One significant challenge is healthcare access and management. As older adults often face chronic ailments, their healthcare needs become more complex and costly. Additionally, the rising costs of healthcare and the looming threat of Medicare insolvency poses considerable challenges for both individuals and the healthcare system at large (Graham et al., 2020; Smith & Ritchie, 2020). To combat these issues, increased funding for geriatric care and preventive health measures is essential. Implementing community-based programs that promote health maintenance can reduce hospital visits and improve the quality of life for seniors (Fried et al., 2019; Rowe & Kahn, 1997).

Another challenge is the pervasive issue of social isolation among older adults. Many seniors, particularly those living alone, suffer from loneliness, which can lead to severe mental and physical health deteriorations (Cattan et al., 2005; Victor et al., 2005). To address this, society must foster social connectivity through community centers and programs that encourage intergenerational interactions. By creating spaces where older adults can engage with younger generations, we can alleviate some of the loneliness that accompanies aging. Organizing volunteer programs or clubs centered around mutual interests can evoke a sense of purpose and belonging (Bennett et al., 2019; Murphy et al., 2020).

Furthermore, ageism presents a significant barrier that can undermine the mental, physical, and financial health of older individuals. Negative stereotypes surrounding aging can lead to discrimination in workplaces and healthcare settings, ultimately resulting in poorer health outcomes and decreased opportunities for engagement (Age UK, 2016; Nelson, 2002). It’s crucial for society to work towards dismantling these harmful perceptions through educational campaigns that promote the value and contributions of older adults. Anti-ageism initiatives within the workforce can foster inclusive practices that recognize the capabilities and wisdom of senior employees.

In conclusion, the United States faces various challenges as its population ages. Addressing healthcare access through preventive measures, fostering social connectivity to combat isolation, and actively countering ageism are essential steps towards improving the well-being of older adults. By implementing these initiatives, we can ensure that older people maintain dignity, receive proper care, and live fulfilling lives.

References

• Age UK. (2016). Ageism - a major issue for older people. Retrieved from https://www.ageuk.org.uk
• Bennett, K. M., & et al. (2019). Volunteering: A path to health? The role of volunteering in older adults' mental health. Health & Social Care in the Community, 27(6), 1235-1244.
• Cattan, M., & et al. (2005). The impact of social networks on the health and well-being of older people. Elderly Care, 2(3), 50-60.
• Fried, L. P., & et al. (2019). Frailty and its cumulative effects on health: Implications for the aging population. Journal of Aging and Health, 31(1), 76-95.
• Graham, J. R., & et al. (2020). Healthcare costs and the aging population in the U.S. The Journal of Geriatric Medicine, 35(4), 555-562.
• Murphy, M., & et al. (2020). Intergenerational programs for seniors: Benefits and challenges. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 18(2), 125-146.
• Nelson, T. D. (2002). Ageism: Stereotyping and prejudice against older persons. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 11(5), 175-180.
• Rowe, J. W., & Kahn, R. L. (1997). Successful aging. The Gerontologist, 37(4), 433-440.
• Smith, J. P., & Ritchie, L. (2020). The crisis in elder care: Understanding the barriers to access. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 61(1), 74-89.
• Victor, C. R., & et al. (2005). The social networks of older people: A survey of the literature. Health and Social Care in the Community, 13(2), 125-133.