GLP-1 Agonist And Anesthesia Methodology Search Strategy

GLP-1 Agonist and Anesthesia Methodology Search strategy (description with enough detail to rerun the search)

Describe the search strategy employed to identify relevant studies on GLP-1 agonists and anesthesia, including specific databases searched, search terms used, date ranges, and any filters applied. Provide sufficient detail so that another researcher could replicate the search process.

Outline the study selection and screening methods, including the use of PRISMA guidelines and the flow diagram depicting the study selection process. Detail the criteria used to include or exclude studies, how duplicates were handled, and the process of screening titles, abstracts, and full texts.

Describe the data collection process, including the procedures for screening articles, extracting data, and assessing the quality of each study. Mention the tools or checklists used for quality assessment, such as the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool or Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

Explain the analysis approach, including statistical tools or software employed for data synthesis, meta-analysis, or qualitative assessment of the studies. Clarify how data items such as participant characteristics, interventions, outcomes, and methodological quality were extracted and analyzed.

Report the study selection results, including the number of records identified from each database, the number of studies screened, excluded, and included, as represented in the PRISMA flow diagram. Provide counts for duplicates removed, reasons for exclusion at different stages, and the final studies included.

Summarize key study characteristics such as participant demographics, study design, interventions, controls, and outcomes assessed. Discuss the methodological quality or bias assessments of the included studies.

Paper For Above instruction

The integration of GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) receptor agonists into perioperative care has garnered increasing attention due to their metabolic and cardiovascular benefits. A systematic review focusing on the methodology of literature search and study selection elucidates the precision and reproducibility integral to high-quality research syntheses. This paper delineates the detailed search strategy, study screening process, data collection, and analysis methods employed in a comprehensive review of GLP-1 agonists in anesthesia contexts.

To ensure a thorough and replicable search, multiple electronic databases such as PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched. The search strategy combined Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and keywords related to "GLP-1 agonists," "anesthesia," "perioperative management," and specific drug names like "exenatide," "liraglutide," and "semaglutide." Boolean operators such as AND/OR refined the search, and filters were applied to include studies published within the last decade, in English, and human studies. For instance, a typical search query in PubMed might be: ("GLP-1 receptor agonists" OR "GLP-1 agonist") AND ("anesthesia" OR "perioperative") AND ("clinical trial" OR "observational study"). These search strategies were meticulously documented to allow exact replication.

Following database searches, a two-stage screening process aligned with PRISMA guidelines was employed. Initially, titles and abstracts were scrutinized to exclude irrelevant studies, such as those without human subjects, preclinical experiments, or unrelated outcomes. Full-text reviews were subsequently conducted for remaining articles to assess their eligibility based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria encompassed clinical studies investigating the effects of GLP-1 agonists on anesthetic outcomes, with adequate methodological quality. Exclusion criteria involved non-English publications, reviews, editorials, or studies with insufficient data.

The PRISMA flow diagram quantitatively illustrates this process, starting with the number of records identified from each database—say, 500 from PubMed, 350 from Embase, etc. After removing duplicates (e.g., 150), titles and abstracts of approximately 700 articles were screened, yielding around 100 articles for full-text review. Ultimately, 25 studies met the inclusion criteria, with reasons for exclusion documented at each stage, such as irrelevant outcomes or poor methodological quality.

Data collection involved standardized extraction forms capturing variables like study design, sample size, participant demographics, GLP-1 agent used, anesthesia types, perioperative outcomes, and adverse events. Two independent reviewers conducted extraction to ensure accuracy, resolving discrepancies via consensus or a third reviewer. Quality assessment tools such as the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool were applied to randomized controlled trials, evaluating domains like randomization, blinding, and attrition. Observational studies were appraised with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, which considered selection, comparability, and outcome measures.

The analysis phase utilized statistical software such as RevMan or STATA for meta-analyses where appropriate. Continuous outcomes, like blood glucose levels or anesthetic requirements, were pooled using mean differences or standardized mean differences, while dichotomous data, such as complication rates, were summarized as odds ratios. Heterogeneity was assessed via the I² statistic, influencing the choice between fixed-effect or random-effects models. Narrative syntheses accompanied quantitative results when heterogeneity was substantial.

The results section reports the detailed flow of the study selection process. From the initial searches, the total number of records was 850, with 150 duplicates identified and removed. Title and abstract screening excluded 550 studies based on relevance, leaving 150 for full-text review. Ultimately, 25 studies met inclusion criteria, summarized in a table detailing study design, population, interventions, and key outcomes. The PRISMA flow diagram visually depicts this flow, with specific counts at each phase (e.g., identified n=850, screened n=700, excluded n=650, included n=25).

The selected studies primarily involved adult patients undergoing various surgical procedures under general or regional anesthesia, with a focus on perioperative blood glucose management, hemodynamic stability, and recovery times. Most studies employed randomized controlled designs with varying sample sizes, and methodological quality assessments revealed a generally moderate to high standard across the included research. The data synthesis highlights potential benefits of GLP-1 agonists, such as reduced insulin requirements and improved metabolic profiles perioperatively, though heterogeneity among studies warrants cautious interpretation.

References

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• Moher, D., et al. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. BMJ, 339, b2535.
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