In Adult Type II Diabetics With Hemoglobin A1c Of 70 Or High

In Adult Type Ii Diabetics With A Hemoglobin A1c Of 70 Or Higher P

In adult Type II diabetics with a hemoglobin A1c of 7.0% or higher, can changing to a low carbohydrate diet and initiating weight-bearing exercise such as walking 2 miles per day, compared to not changing diet and not exercising, lower hemoglobin A1c levels in 6 months?

Paper For Above instruction

Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, leading to hyperglycemia. Managing blood glucose levels is crucial to preventing complications associated with diabetes, including cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, and nephropathy (American Diabetes Association [ADA], 2023). Given the global rise in T2DM prevalence, there has been significant interest in lifestyle interventions, notably diet and physical activity, as means to improve glycemic control (Colberg et al., 2016). This paper examines whether transitioning to a low carbohydrate diet coupled with daily walking can effectively reduce hemoglobin A1c levels over a six-month period compared to standard care or no lifestyle modification in adults with poorly controlled T2DM.

The study in question was conducted over an eight-year period, involving a sample of 65 adult patients aged 33 to 69 years old, diagnosed with T2DM and presenting hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels of 7.0% or higher. Participants were divided into an experimental group (n=35) and a control group (n=30). The experimental group adopted a low carbohydrate diet and engaged in walking 2 miles per day, three times per week, whereas the control group continued their usual diet without structured exercise (Najafipour et al., 2017). The primary objective was to evaluate if this lifestyle intervention could significantly lower HbA1c levels within six months, thereby improving glycemic control.

It is essential that the instruments of variable measurement—such as HbA1c, body mass index (BMI), and VO2 Max—are clearly defined and reliable. In this study, HbA1c was measured using standardized laboratory methods with high reliability, considering the monitoring span of eight years. BMI and VO2 Max were used as secondary markers to assess overall metabolic and cardiovascular health. The standardization of these measures across multiple time points enhances the reliability and validity of the findings. The data analysis incorporated descriptive statistics to evaluate central tendencies and variability, while the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test checked the normality of data distribution. Paired t-tests compared pre- and post-intervention variables within groups, and significance was established at P

During the study, 12 participants from the experimental group and 15 from the control group withdrew due to issues such as program inconsistency and lack of motivation; one participant died in a car accident, resulting in 38 participants completing the study, with 15 in each group used for analysis. Despite attrition, the results remained statistically significant, highlighting the potential benefits of lifestyle modification in glycemic control. The findings align with prior research indicating that regular physical activity and dietary adjustments contribute to reductions in HbA1c and BMI among T2DM patients (Colberg et al., 2016; Thomas et al., 2012). Such evidence reinforces the role of patient-centered lifestyle interventions in diabetes management.

The implications for clinical practice are compelling. Healthcare providers should consider recommending low carbohydrate diets and encouraging regular physical activity, such as walking, as adjuncts to pharmacotherapy for better glycemic control. These lifestyle measures are cost-effective, accessible, and sustainable, making them suitable for diverse populations globally (Boule et al., 2011). Moreover, educating patients about the benefits of dietary and exercise modifications can enhance adherence and improve long-term outcomes, ultimately reducing the burden of diabetes complications (American Diabetes Association, 2023).

In conclusion, the evidence supports that a structured lifestyle intervention involving a low carbohydrate diet and daily walking can significantly lower hemoglobin A1c levels over six months in adults with poorly controlled T2DM. This underscores the importance of integrating lifestyle modifications into standard diabetes care to achieve optimal glycemic control and enhance patient quality of life.

References

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