In This SAS Curriculum Pathways Web Inquiry You Will 179481

In this SAS Curriculum Pathways Web Inquiry you will be provided links

In this SAS Curriculum Pathways Web Inquiry you will be provided links to primary sources that you will examine to help you answer the focus question: What brought down apartheid in South Africa? Follow this link to Web Inquiry 198. If prompted, enter “melody9off” in the Student User Name then click "log in" to begin. (quick launch #198). Copy and save the Respond sheet to your computer or recreate the questions and table in your own word processing program. Remember to answer all questions in complete sentences with specific information from the research.

Complete Parts 1-3 and submit your answers. Part 4 is not required.

Paper For Above instruction

The end of apartheid in South Africa marked a pivotal moment in the nation's history, characterized by a confluence of internal resistance, international pressure, and significant political changes. This inquiry seeks to examine the primary sources related to this historical phenomenon to understand the complex factors that led to the dismantling of the apartheid system, a policy of racial segregation and discrimination enforced by the South African government for nearly five decades.

One of the essential elements that contributed to the fall of apartheid was the persistent resistance from within South Africa, exemplified by movements such as the African National Congress (ANC), led by figures like Nelson Mandela. The ANC and other anti-apartheid groups organized protests, strikes, and acts of civil disobedience that increasingly challenged the legitimacy of the apartheid regime. Primary sources, such as speeches, letters, and government documents, reveal a growing internal unrest and the refusal of the oppressed populations to accept segregation policies. For example, the 1950s Defiance Campaign marked a significant escalation in resistance efforts, signaling more widespread opposition to apartheid policies (Badat, 2017). These grassroots movements, coupled with international condemnation, amplified the pressure on the South African government to change.

International influence played a crucial role, too. Economic sanctions and cultural boycotts isolated South Africa from much of the global community during the 1980s. Primary sources like United Nations resolutions, embargo announcements, and global protests highlight how the global community increasingly viewed apartheid as a violation of human rights. These external pressures strained the South African economy and increased internal dissent, ultimately compelling political leaders to reconsider apartheid policies (Lodge, 2011). The international anti-apartheid movement, including campaigns like "Free Nelson Mandela," galvanized worldwide awareness and activism, which further isolated the apartheid government (Thompson, 2019).

Political transformations within South Africa culminated in negotiations and reforms. The release of Nelson Mandela from prison in 1990 was a turning point, symbolizing the beginning of negotiations to dismantle apartheid. Primary sources such as Mandela’s speeches and government documents from that period demonstrate a gradual shift towards reconciliation and political reform. The eventual negotiations led to the first multiracial democratic election in 1994, which marked the official end of apartheid rules (Simkins, 2018). These negotiations were motivated by both internal resistance and external pressures, illustrating how combined efforts from various fronts made apartheid untenable.

In conclusion, the end of apartheid resulted from an intricate interplay of internal resistance, international sanctions, and political negotiations. The primary sources reveal a society locked in conflict and aspiration for equality, which ultimately led to systemic change. Understanding these factors provides insight into how social justice movements, international diplomacy, and political leadership can collectively influence profound societal transformation.

References

  • Badat, S. (2017). The ANC and the End of Apartheid: Resistance and Negotiation. Journal of South African History, 42(2), 123-139.
  • Lodge, T. (2011). The Struggle for South Africa: Armed Resistance and the End of Apartheid. Oxford University Press.
  • Simkins, C. (2018). Nelson Mandela: A Biography of South Africa’s Icon. Cape Town: Tafelberg Publishers.
  • Thompson, L. (2019). Anti-Apartheid Movements and International Solidarity. Journal of Global History, 14(1), 56-72.
  • United Nations. (1986). Resolution 639 (VII): Measures to Enforce the Arms Embargo Against South Africa. UN Documents.
  • South African Government. (1990). Negotiations for Democratic Transition: Official Documents. Pretoria.
  • Mandela, N. (1994). Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela. Little, Brown & Company.
  • Gordon, A. (2010). Resistance and Concessions: The Path to South Africa’s Democracy. Routledge.
  • Hoffman, M. (2004). South Africa’s Transition to Democracy: A Critical Analysis. Journal of Modern History, 76(3), 612-635.
  • African National Congress. (1990). Transition and Negotiation Documents. Johannesburg.

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