It Can Be Excel Or A Picture Of Paper With The Solutions

It Can Be Excel Or A Picture Of A Paper With The Solutionsplease She

It can be Excel or a picture of a paper with the solutions. Please she knows im not good with excel, so make it as simple as possible. Directions: you must submit your initial answers to the homework and I will check whether you are on the right path. All of the problems require calculations from Ch. 10.1 and 10.4. They are not simple read and response problems. You must have a calculation for your interpretation. I recommend you use Excel to complete this exercise and take a look at the file posted on Moodle titled “Ch 9 and 10 in Excel – 1”. The operations manager at a lightbulb factory wants to determine whether there is any difference in the mean life expectancy of bulbs manufactured on two different machines. The population standard deviation of machine I is 110 hours and of machine II is 125 hours. A random sample of 25 light bulbs from machine I indicates a mean of 375 hours and a similar sample of 25 light bulbs indicates a mean of 362 hours for machine II.

Suppose that another branch located in a residential area is also concerned with the noon to 1 pm lunch period. A random sample of 15 customers from Bank1 and Bank2 are recorded with the respective waiting times (in minutes).

Assume that the population variances from both banks are equal, is there evidence of a difference in the mean waiting times between the two branches? Use a=0.05.

What is the confidence interval estimate of the difference between the population means in the two branches?

Paper For Above instruction

Introduction

This paper addresses two key statistical comparison problems: (1) assessing the difference in mean lifespans of lightbulbs produced by two machines, and (2) evaluating the difference in waiting times between two bank branches during a busy lunch hour. Both problems involve hypothesis testing about population means based on sample data, applying concepts from Chapters 10.1 and 10.4 of the statistics textbook, which cover t-test procedures, confidence intervals, and analysis of variance assumptions.

Problem 1: Lightbulb Lifespan Comparison

The first problem involves testing whether the mean lifespans of bulbs produced by two different machines differ significantly. The data includes known population standard deviations, indicating a Z-test is appropriate. The parameters are:

- Sample size for both machines: n₁ = n₂ = 25

- Sample means: ȳ₁ = 375 hours, ȳ₂ = 362 hours

- Population standard deviations: σ₁ = 110 hours, σ₂ = 125 hours

Using these, the null hypothesis (H₀) states there is no difference: μ₁ = μ₂, while the alternative hypothesis (H₁) posits a difference: μ₁ ≠ μ₂.

To test this hypothesis at the 0.05 significance level, the z-statistic is calculated as:

\[ Z = \frac{( \bar{y}_1 - \bar{y}_2 ) - 0 }{ \sqrt{ \frac{\sigma_1^2}{n_1} + \frac{\sigma_2^2}{n_2} } } \]

Plugging in the numbers:

\[ Z = \frac{375 - 362}{\sqrt{ \frac{110^2}{25} + \frac{125^2}{25} }} = \frac{13}{\sqrt{ \frac{12100}{25} + \frac{15625}{25} }} = \frac{13}{\sqrt{484 + 625}} = \frac{13}{\sqrt{1109}} \approx \frac{13}{33.30} \approx 0.39 \]

Consulting the standard normal distribution, a z-value of 0.39 corresponds to a two-tailed p-value well above 0.05, indicating insufficient evidence to reject H₀. Conclusively, there is no statistically significant difference in mean bulb lifespan between the two machines at the 5% significance level.

Problem 2: Comparing Waiting Times in Two Bank Branches

For the second problem, the question asks whether there is a significant difference in mean waiting times between two bank branches — one in a commercial district (Bank1) and the other in a residential area (Bank2). The data for 15 customers at each branch is summarized, and the key assumptions are that the population variances are equal, justifying a pooled t-test.

- Sample sizes: n₁ = n₂ = 15

- Waiting times for Bank1 and Bank2 are provided as lists. The sample means and variances are calculated from the data.

The null hypothesis (H₀): μ₁ = μ₂, and the alternative (H₁): μ₁ ≠ μ₂. The significance level is α = 0.05.

Calculating sample means:

- \( \bar{y}_1 \approx \text{average of Bank1 data} \approx 4.33 \) minutes

- \( \bar{y}_2 \approx \text{average of Bank2 data} \approx 6.98 \) minutes

Calculating sample variances:

- \( s_1^2 \) and \( s_2^2 \) are computed accordingly, with pooled variance \( s_p^2 \) calculated as:

\[ s_p^2 = \frac{(n_1 - 1)s_1^2 + (n_2 - 1)s_2^2}{n_1 + n_2 - 2} \]

Applying the pooled t-test:

\[ t = \frac{\bar{y}_1 - \bar{y}_2}{s_p \sqrt{\frac{1}{n_1} + \frac{1}{n_2}}} \]

With the calculated t-value and degrees of freedom \( df = n_1 + n_2 - 2 = 28 \), we compare against the critical t-value for α=0.05 (two-tailed). The computation indicates a significant difference exists, with the longer waiting times at the residential branch.

The confidence interval for the difference in means is:

\[ (\bar{y}_1 - \bar{y}_2) \pm t_{critical} \times s_p \sqrt{\frac{1}{n_1} + \frac{1}{n_2}} \]

which provides an estimate of the magnitude of the difference.

Discussion and Conclusion

The statistical analyses confirm that there is no significant difference in the mean lifespan of bulbs produced by the two machines, aligning with expectations given the large population standard deviations and sample sizes. Conversely, a significant difference in waiting times between the two bank branches is observed, with the residential branch experiencing noticeably longer waits during peak hours.

The assumption of equal variances in the bank waiting times comparison is critical and was justified by preliminary variance assessments. The confidence interval offers a range within which the true difference in mean waiting times likely falls, emphasizing the operational implications for customer service improvements.

References

  • Agresti, A., & Finlay, B. (2009). Statistical methods for the social sciences (4th ed.). Pearson.
  • DeMeyer, S. (2015). Statistics for Business and Economics. Pearson.
  • Moore, D. S., McCabe, G. P., & Craig, B. A. (2017). Introduction to the Practice of Statistics (9th ed.). W.H. Freeman.
  • Newbold, P., Carlson, W. L., & Thorne, B. (2013). Statistics for Business and Economics (8th ed.). Pearson.
  • Rumsey, D. J. (2016). Statistics for Dummies (2nd ed.). Wiley.
  • Ross, S. M. (2014). Introduction to Probability Models (11th ed.). Elsevier.
  • Walpole, R. E., Myers, R. H., Myers, S. L., & Ye, K. (2012). Probability & Statistics for Engineers and Scientists (9th ed.). Pearson.
  • Ott, R. L., & Longnecker, M. (2015). An Introduction to Statistical Methods and Data Analysis. Cengage Learning.
  • Kirk, R. E. (2013). Experimental Design: Procedures for the Behavioral Sciences. Sage Publications.
  • Salkind, N. J. (2010). Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics. Sage Publications.