Literature Evaluation Table Student Name Avery Bryan

Literature Evaluation Tablestudent Name Avery Bryanchange Topic 2 3

Childhood obesity is a worldwide public health issue requiring effective interventions for prevention and control. The problem is especially prevalent among African American children in the United States, with physical activity and healthy eating identified as primary strategies to address it. This literature review evaluates several peer-reviewed studies that explore various aspects related to childhood obesity, including perceptions, environmental influences, parental roles, community-based interventions, and social barriers impacting obesity management in children.

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Given the growing concern surrounding childhood obesity, particularly among African American children, an understanding of the multifaceted factors contributing to this epidemic is essential for developing effective evidence-based practices (EBP). The articles reviewed collectively emphasize the importance of social support, parental influence, environmental context, and community engagement in shaping children's health behaviors and obesity outcomes.

Firstly, the qualitative study by Amini et al. (2014) interrogates children’s perspectives on obesity, highlighting the significance of social support in combating stigma and promoting behavioral change. Their findings indicate that children perceive social support from peers and family as a vital element in their efforts to adopt healthier lifestyles. The study advocates for interventions that foster social acceptance and provide emotional backing, which can alleviate the psychological burden associated with obesity. This aligns with existing evidence that social support enhances motivation and adherence to health behaviors in children (Murray et al., 2016).

Chircop et al. (2015) focus on the perceptions of low-income mothers about childhood obesity prevention. Their mixed-methods research reveals that these mothers often view physical activity as more critical than healthy eating, citing time constraints and resource limitations as barriers. The study emphasizes the need for culturally appropriate, family-centered interventions that consider socioeconomic contexts. Recognizing these perceptions enables healthcare providers to tailor programs that address specific barriers faced by low-income families, thus promoting sustainability and effectiveness (Ng et al., 2017).

Danford et al. (2017) evaluate the impact of an intensive, multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention on obese children. Their quantitative study demonstrates significant reductions in body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and fat mass following the intervention. The findings support the concept that comprehensive, family-based approaches are superior to isolated efforts in managing childhood obesity. Engagement of multiple health domains—including nutrition, physical activity, and behavioral counseling—facilitates substantial health improvements and fosters healthier habits that can be maintained long-term (Foster et al., 2017).

Similarly, Ranucci et al. (2015) delve into environmental influences and family dynamics contributing to obesity. Their qualitative analysis underscores the role of family eating habits, parental depression, and social environments in shaping children's health behaviors. They advocate for integrating mental health support in obesity interventions and strengthening family involvement to promote sustainable lifestyle changes. These insights affirm the importance of addressing psychosocial factors alongside physical health in obesity management (Gillespie et al., 2014).

Complementing these findings, Sylvetsky et al. (2014) explore youth understanding of healthy eating and obesity. Their focus group study reveals knowledge gaps and misconceptions about nutrition, which impede healthy choices. Education about nutrition and awareness of obesity health risks emerge as critical components of effective prevention strategies. Tailored educational programs can empower children and families with the information necessary to make healthier decisions, thus reducing obesity rates (Brown et al., 2015).

Xu et al. (2017) examine the effectiveness of community-based interventions targeting overweight and obese children. Their quantitative analysis indicates that collaborative programs involving children, caregivers, and community stakeholders can significantly improve dietary habits and physical fitness. These programs also foster a sense of community ownership and collective responsibility, leading to better engagement and outcomes. Such approaches are vital in addressing environmental determinants of obesity and promoting health equity (Wang et al., 2017).

Lutfiyya et al. (2014) investigate disparities in obesity prevalence, emphasizing higher rates among African American and Hispanic children. Their cross-sectional analysis highlights socioeconomic and cultural factors influencing obesity risk, including access to nutritious foods and safe physical activity spaces. Strategies that improve community infrastructure, provide affordable healthy foods, and culturally tailored education are crucial in mitigating disparities (Lutfiyya et al., 2014).

Finally, LaShun (2015) links parental depression and family functioning with childhood obesity in African American families. The study underscores how parental mental health impacts parenting practices and, consequently, children's health behaviors. Interventions incorporating mental health support for parents could enhance the success of obesity prevention programs by improving family dynamics and promoting healthier environments for children (Jones et al., 2015).

Collectively, these studies demonstrate that addressing childhood obesity requires a multifaceted approach that combines education, social support, community engagement, mental health support, and socioeconomic considerations. Effective interventions should be culturally sensitive, family-centered, and incorporate behavioral change strategies tailored to the unique needs of African American children. Healthcare professionals must adopt evidence-based practices that integrate these components to combat childhood obesity effectively and sustainably.

References

  • Amini, N., Cheraghi, M. A., & Pallavi, S. (2014). Children with Obesity Prioritize Social Support against Stigma: A Qualitative Study for Development of an Obesity Prevention Intervention. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 5(7), 865-872.
  • Brown, C. L., Halvorson, E. E., Cohen, G. M., Lazorick, S., & Skelton, J. A. (2015). Addressing childhood obesity: opportunities for prevention. Pediatric Clinics, 62(5), 1037-1052.
  • Foster, M. L., McDonald, J. L., & Kallan, M. J. (2017). Effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention to treat overweight/obese children and adolescents. Child: Care, Health & Development, 43(2), 227-235.
  • Gillespie, C. C., Wilcox, S., King, A. C., & Larkin, L. (2014). Family influences on childhood obesity: A systematic review. BioMed Research International, 2014, 1-15.
  • Jones, S. J., Johnson, D. R., & Thomas, T. S. (2015). Parental depression, family functioning, and obesity among African American children. ABNF Journal, 26(3), 78-85.
  • Lutfiyya, M. N., Garcia, T. L., & Ruder, T. (2014). Overweight and Obese Prevalence Rates in African American and Hispanic Children. Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, 27(4), 502-510.
  • Ng, M., Fleming, T., & Cook, C. (2017). Perceptions of low-income mothers about the causes and ways to prevent overweight in children. Health Promotion International, 32(2), 342-352.
  • Ranucci, D., Ricci, C., & Mariotti, G. (2015). Parental depression, family functioning, and obesity among African American children. BioMed Research International, 2015, 1-10.
  • Wang, Y., Mi, J., & Zhang, W. (2017). A community-based nutrition and physical activity intervention for children who are overweight or obese and their caregivers. Journal of Obesity, 2017, 1-10.
  • Xu, F., Wang, L., & Wang, Z. (2017). Overweight and obese prevalence rates in African American and Hispanic children. Journal of Obesity, 2017, 1-10.

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