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In PACU patients, can playing nice and soft music in the unit along with minimal use of opioids, compared to use of opioids and other pain relievers alone, reduce the intensity of postoperative pain, within three days?

Paper For Above Instructions

The management of postoperative pain is a critical aspect of patient care, especially in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU), where effective interventions can significantly improve recovery outcomes. This literature evaluation table aims to explore the impact of non-pharmacological pain management techniques, specifically the use of soft music alongside minimal opioid consumption, on the postoperative pain experienced by patients within three days following surgery. The evaluation includes a review of various peer-reviewed articles that provide insights into current practices and research surrounding pain management strategies.

Overview of Articles Included

1. Alexandra, R. (2017). Management of chronic post-surgical pain.

This article defines non-pharmacological pain management and provides examples such as transcutaneous electrical stimulation and acupuncture. While it outlines several effective methods, it fails to address potential negative impacts of these interventions, suggesting a limitation in its applicability to comprehensive pain management strategies.

2. Mol, F. M., Roumen, R. M., & Scheltinga, M. R. (2018). Comparing the efficacy of targeted spinal cord stimulation (SCS) of the dorsal root ganglion with conventional medical management (CMM) in patients with chronic post-surgical inguinal pain: The SMASHING trial.

This study introduces innovative therapies for spinal cord recovery post-surgery, showcasing new approaches to pain management. However, it lacks a thorough discussion regarding the efficacy and acceptance of these treatments within the medical community.

3. James, R. P. (2006). Acute Post-Surgical Pain Management: A Critical Appraisal of Current Practice.

This article critiques both traditional and emerging techniques for managing postoperative pain, revealing practical insights. Nevertheless, potential biases in survey responses could compromise the validity of its findings.

4. O., & Riddell, P. R. (2002). Non-pharmacological pain management in the neonatal intensive care unit: Managing neonatal pain without drugs.

Although primarily focused on infants, some methods discussed, such as pain monitoring, are relevant to adult postoperative care. This article's narrow scope represents a limitation when drawing parallels to adult patient care.

5. Komann, M., Weinmann, C., Schwenkglenks, M., & Meissner, W. (2019, April 20). Non-Pharmacological Methods and Post-Operative Pain Relief: An Observational Study.

This observational study lists various non-pharmacological options for pain relief, such as acupuncture and meditation, and their reported effectiveness. However, it does not engage with more commonly employed methods, leading to a missed opportunity for broader insight.

6. Stanford Health Care. (2017, September 12). Management of pain without medications.

This article discusses intriguing non-pharmacological pain management strategies including hypnosis and comfort therapy. However, the absence of statistical effectiveness data limits its utility for informed clinical decision-making.

Analysis of Key Findings

The articles reviewed consistently underline the necessity for multifaceted approaches in managing postoperative pain. A significant finding across these studies indicates that non-pharmacological interventions, particularly when used in conjunction with minimal opioid use, can enhance patient satisfaction and potentially lower the risks associated with high opioid consumption, such as addiction and side effects (Poulsen et al., 2019). Further supporting evidence from the literature illustrates that integrating music therapy not only fosters relaxation but can also serve as an effective distraction from pain (Stanford Health Care, 2017).

Recommendations for Practice

Based on the insights garnered from the reviewed articles, several recommendations emerge for clinical practice. Firstly, the implementation of soft music in PACU settings should be considered as a standard practice during postoperative recovery phases. Coupled with minimal opioid prescriptions, this strategy can help enhance patient comfort while mitigating pain perception. Additionally, healthcare professionals should be trained to use various non-pharmacological methods, creating personalized pain management plans that cater to individual patient preferences.

Explanation of How the Articles Support EBP/Capstone Project

This literature evaluation underscores the importance of evidence-based practices (EBP) in enhancing postoperative care. The articles reviewed provide a synthesis of both supportive and critical perspectives on non-pharmacological pain management, illustrating the complex landscape of current pain management strategies. By advocating for the integration of soft music and complementary non-opioid interventions, the findings bolster the capstone project’s aim of illustrating effective, multidisciplinary approaches to postoperative pain management.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the exploration of non-pharmacological interventions such as soft music alongside minimal opioid use presents a promising avenue for improving postoperative outcomes in PACU patients. By encouraging further adoption of these techniques, healthcare providers can foster a more holistic approach to pain management that prioritizes patient comfort and safety.

References

  • Alexandra, R. (2017). Management of chronic post-surgical pain. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
  • Komann, M., Weinmann, C., Schwenkglenks, M., & Meissner, W. (2019, April 20). Non-Pharmacological Methods and Post-Operative Pain Relief: An Observational Study. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
  • James, R. P. (2006). Acute Post-Surgical Pain Management: A Critical Appraisal of Current Practice. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
  • Poulsen, M. J., Coto, J., & Cooney, M. F. (2019). Music as a postoperative pain management intervention. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing, 34(3).
  • Mol, F. M., Roumen, R. M., & Scheltinga, M. R. (2018). The SMASHING trial.
  • O., & Riddell, P. R. (2002). Non-pharmacological pain management in the neonatal intensive care unit: Managing neonatal pain without drugs. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
  • Stanford Health Care. (2017, September 12). Management of pain without medications. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
  • El Geziry, A., et al. (2018). Non-pharmacological pain management. Pain management in special circumstances, 1-14.
  • Grove, S. K., & Gray, J. R. (2018). Understanding Nursing Research: Building an Evidence-Based Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences.

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