Measurement And Accounting Authors Harold Bierman Jr

Measurement And Accountingauthors Harold Bierman Jrsource The

Measurement and Accounting Author(s): Harold Bierman, Jr. Source: The Accounting Review, Vol. 38, No. 3 (Jul., 1963), pp. Published by: American Accounting Association Stable URL: Accessed: :01 UTC JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected] . Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at American Accounting Association is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Accounting Review This content downloaded from 129.22.124.132 on Sat, 18 Feb :01:04 UTC All use subject to This content downloaded from 129.22.124.132 on Sat, 18 Feb :01:04 UTC All use subject to This content downloaded from 129.22.124.132 on Sat, 18 Feb :01:04 UTC All use subject to This content downloaded from 129.22.124.132 on Sat, 18 Feb :01:04 UTC All use subject to This content downloaded from 129.22.124.132 on Sat, 18 Feb :01:04 UTC All use subject to This content downloaded from 129.22.124.132 on Sat, 18 Feb :01:04 UTC All use subject to This content downloaded from 129.22.124.132 on Sat, 18 Feb :01:04 UTC All use subject to Contents image 1 image 2 image 3 image 4 image 5 image 6 image 7 Issue Table of Contents Accounting Review, Vol. 38, No. 3, Jul., 1963 Front Matter [pp.] The Present State of Accounting Theory [pp.] ‥‥‥‥ Value-Itis [pp.] Purchasing Power and Replacement Cost Concepts -- Are They Related? [pp.] Accounting in the Decision-Making Process: Some Empirical Evidence [pp.] Measurement and Accounting [pp.] The Auditor and the British Companies Acts [pp.] Critical Paths for Professional Accountants during the New Management Revolution [pp.] On the Mathematics of Variance Analysis [pp.] The Mathematics of Variance Analysis [pp.] Cost Finding through Multiple Correlation Analysis [pp.] Measuring Project Profitability: Rate of Return or Present Value -- A Reply [pp.] Measuring Project Profitability: Rate of Return or Present Value: A Rejoinder [pp.] Accounting for Investment Credits [pp.] Governmental Accounting: Fund Flow or Service Cost? [pp.] Inter-Period Tax Allocation or Basis Adjustment? [pp.] Accounting for Warranty Costs [pp.] Recognizing Implicit Interest in Non-Funded Pension Plans [pp.] The Accountant and Marketing Channels [pp.] A Case of Over-Accounting [pp.] The Accountancy Profession in Greece [pp.] Report of the Committee on Courses and Curricula: Accounting Courses for Accounting Majors [pp.] American Accounting Association, Madison, Wisconsin, December 31, 1962: Financial Report [pp.] The Teachers' Clinic Developing the Relationship between Process Cost Accounting Allocations and the Accounting Records [pp.] Analysis of Changes in Gross Profit [pp.] Debating Accounting Theory [pp.] Intercompany Profits and ARB 51 [pp.] College Accounting Courses -- 1963 [pp.] Professional Examinations Accounting Practice [pp.] Examination in Auditing [pp.] News Notes [pp.] Book Reviews untitled [pp.] untitled [p.665] untitled [pp.] untitled [pp.] untitled [pp.] untitled [pp.] untitled [p.669] untitled [pp.] untitled [pp.] untitled [pp.] untitled [p.673] untitled [pp.] untitled [pp.] untitled [pp.] untitled [p.676] Capsule Commentaries untitled [p.677] untitled [p.677] untitled [p.677] untitled [p.677] untitled [pp.] untitled [p.678] untitled [p.678] untitled [p.678] untitled [p.678] untitled [p.679] untitled [p.679] untitled [p.679] Back Matter 2 Biological Psychology Student’s name Instructor Course Date Biological Psychology Research in the field of biological psychology aims to establish correlations between biological, physiological, and genetic factors and mental health and behavior (greatpacificmedia, 2009). Considering that the brain is the command center for all behavior, biological psychologists investigate its inner workings to better comprehend human nature. According to proponents of the biological view, human behavior directly results from our biological makeup. It's the only school of psychology that takes a physical, biological stance on investigating mental states and actions. Thus, it may be concluded that the physiological basis for the psychological is absolute. In this discussion, three significant technology advances such as High-throughput screening (HTS) technology, DNA synthesis technology, nanotechnology and biotechnology will be discussed in relation to the history of biological psychology The term "high-throughput screening" (HTS) technology refers to a way to test a large number of biomolecular or chemical compounds quickly and efficiently for certain qualities. Access to these kinds of technologies is significant for reaping any benefits from building extensive libraries of compounds since they are used to zero down on a specific chemical with the needed qualities. Some examples of these traits are the biochemical or enzymatic activity that is wanted in a potential therapeutic drug or toxicity that would usually be avoided in such an agent. Increased productivity in biological assays is a hallmark of HTS, which has been made possible by developments in miniaturized screening technologies, bioinformatics, robotics, and other technologies (greatpacificmedia, 2009). The merging of nanotechnology and biotechnology and the progress in both fields have impacted biological psychology. The growth of this field is also affected by what has been learned and how it has been used in RNAi and synthetic biology. Biomolecules are made to do certain things but are not called nanomaterials because they are not made in a lab. The progress in understanding the sequences of nucleotides and amino acids in nucleic acids and proteins is also crucial (Mazziotta, 2000). As time goes on, it becomes clearer that RNAi is linked to the broad control of gene expression by micro-RNAs, which are tiny RNA molecules produced endogenously (miRNA). There is a lot of interest in how miRNAs control gene expression during and after development. Every day, latest information comes out about this. Endogenous miRNAs reduce the expression of proteins that interact inside the cell by making the mRNA less stable or stopping it from being translated into protein (Bassett & Bullmore, 2009). To instruct cells to produce a particular protein, DNA synthesis technology allows for the de novo production of genetic sequences. It is not brand new, but technological advances have made it possible to synthesize chemically ever-longer sequences with ever-greater speed, simplicity, and precision. Researchers had already shown they could successfully design and implement synthetic genes by the early 1970s. A cascade of techniques for analyzing gene expression, structure, and function was not developed until the early 1980s, after the automation of de novo DNA synthesis and the advent of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (Mazziotta, 2000). Viruses and other genes that cause disease can be made quickly and easily with DNA synthesis technology. This technology can be used for good (vaccine and drug research and development) or bad (either on purpose or by accident). References Bassett, D. S., & Bullmore, E. T. (2009). Human brain networks in health and disease. Current opinion in neurology , 22 (4), 340. greatpacificmedia. (2009, October 24). Neuron synapse . YouTube. Retrieved October 24, 2022, from Mazziotta, J. C. (2000). Imaging: window on the brain. Archives of Neurology , 57 (10), .

This paper explores the development of measurement and accounting, emphasizing the contributions of Harold Bierman Jr., and how accounting theory and practice have evolved over time. It critically examines the foundational principles that underpin measurement accuracy and the role of accounting in financial reporting, decision-making, and auditing. Both historical perspectives and modern advances are discussed to understand how accounting standards and measurement techniques have responded to the changing economic landscape.

Harold Bierman Jr. played a pivotal role in shaping accounting theory during the mid-20th century. His insights emphasized the importance of accurate measurement and the development of accounting standards that accommodate economic realities. The evolution of measurement in accounting has transitioned from simple cost-based methods towards more sophisticated approaches like present value calculations, fair value measurements, and other contemporary valuation techniques. These shifts reflect the increasing complexity of economic transactions and the need for more precise and relevant financial information.

Historically, initial efforts in accounting measurement focused primarily on the historical cost principle, favoring objectivity and verifiability. However, as markets and economic environments evolved, the limitations of historical cost accounting became apparent, especially regarding inflation, changing economic conditions, and the need for relevance. This evolution prompted the development of alternative measurement bases, including current cost, replacement cost, and fair value accounting, each of which offers different advantages and challenges. For instance, fair value accounting aligns more closely with current market conditions but introduces volatility and subjectivity into reported figures (Laux & Leuz, 2009).

The role of measurement in accounting extends beyond valuation to influence decision-making at various levels, including management, investors, regulators, and auditors. Accurate measurement impacts corporate valuation, investment decisions, and regulatory oversight. Michael J. Barrett (2012) underscores how measurement practices directly affect the transparency and comparability of financial statements, thus influencing stakeholder trust and market efficiency.

Sophisticated measurement techniques have also enhanced auditing practices. For example, the auditing process has incorporated statistical sampling, materiality thresholds, and advanced data analytics to improve accuracy and detect errors or fraud. Harold Bierman's contributions helped promote the integration of measurement principles into auditing standards, emphasizing consistency and reliability in financial reports (Bierman, 1963).

Modern developments have further expanded the scope of measurement and accounting, emphasizing technological advances, like blockchain, artificial intelligence, and big data analytics. These innovations seek to improve accuracy, transparency, and timeliness of financial information. Blockchain technology, in particular, enhances the integrity of transactional data, reducing the risk of fraud and providing real-time verification (Kiviat, 2018).

Additionally, current challenges include the subjective nature of fair value measurements, the impact of globalization on accounting standards, and the need for consistent application across jurisdictions. Addressing these issues requires ongoing research, international cooperation, and adaptation of measurement standards to accommodate technological advances and economic developments.

In conclusion, the evolution of measurement and accounting reflects a continuous effort to balance accuracy, relevance, and comparability. Harold Bierman's foundational ideas remain influential, but current and future advancements depend on integrating technological innovations with transparent, flexible measurement standards that serve a diverse set of stakeholders. The development of accounting measurement techniques will continue to be critical as economic complexities deepen and global financial markets become more interconnected.

References

  • Bierman, H. Jr. (1963). Measurement and Accounting. The Accounting Review, 38(3), pp. 420-438.
  • Kiviat, B. (2018). Blockchain and its Impact on Financial Auditing. Journal of Financial Transformation, 45, 32-38.
  • Laux, C., & Leuz, C. (2009). The Crisis of Fair Value Accounting: Making Sense of the Recent Debate. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 34(6-7), 826-834.
  • Michael J. Barrett. (2012). The Role of Accounting Measurements in Decision-Making. Journal of Business & Economics, 5(4), 239-252.
  • Great Pacific Media. (2009). Neuron Synapse. YouTube. Retrieved October 24, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XYZ
  • Mazziotta, J. C. (2000). Imaging: Window on the Brain. Archives of Neurology, 57(10), 1421-1429.
  • Suppes, P. (2000). Foundations of Measurement. Oxford University Press.
  • American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). (2010). Clarifications on Measurement in Financial Reporting. AICPA Journal, 24(2), 12-15.
  • International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). (2020). Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting. IASB
  • Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). (2018). Accounting Standards Update: Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820). FASB.

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