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Suppose you are going to conduct a study utilizing Qualitative Research Design: 1) which type of research would you use 2) which method would you utilize to collect data and select your sample.

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In designing a qualitative research study, the choice of specific research type is critical to ensure that the study effectively addresses the research questions and provides meaningful insights. When selecting a type of qualitative research, I would opt for a phenomenological approach if the goal is to understand participants’ lived experiences and perceptions related to a particular phenomenon. Phenomenology is suitable because it aims to grasp the essence of individuals’ subjective experiences, providing deep insights into how people perceive and interpret their realities (Creswell & Poth, 2018). Alternatively, if the focus is on exploring processes or interactions within a specific context, a grounded theory approach could be appropriate, as it aims to develop theories grounded in data collected from participants (Charmaz, 2014). However, for capturing detailed personal experiences, phenomenology would be preferable, especially when the objective is to understand the depth and meaning of individual perspectives that are often nuanced and complex.

To collect data in this qualitative study, I would utilize semi-structured interviews as the primary method. This technique allows for flexibility in exploring participants’ narratives while ensuring that key topics are comprehensively covered (Ryan, Coughlan & Cronin, 2016). Semi-structured interviews facilitate open-ended responses, encouraging participants to share in-depth personal insights, which aligns with the phenomenological aim of understanding lived experiences. Additionally, I would employ purposive sampling to select participants who have directly experienced the phenomenon under investigation, ensuring richness and relevance of the data (Tong, Sainsbury & Craig, 2007). Sampling criteria might include specific demographic or experiential characteristics to ensure diversity and depth in perspectives, which is essential for capturing a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon.

The interviews would be conducted face-to-face or via virtual platforms, depending on geographical and logistical considerations, and would be audio-recorded (with participants' consent) to allow for accurate transcription and analysis. As part of data collection, I would take detailed field notes during the interviews to capture non-verbal cues and contextual factors that influence participants’ responses. The data analysis process would involve thematic analysis to identify common themes, patterns, and variations across participants’ accounts, ultimately contributing to an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon (Braun & Clarke, 2006). Ensuring credibility and trustworthiness would involve member checking, peer debriefing, and maintaining a rigorous audit trail throughout the study process.

References

• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
• Charmaz, K. (2014). Constructing Grounded Theory. Sage Publications.
• Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. Sage Publications.
• Ryan, F., Coughlan, M., & Cronin, P. (2016). Interviewing in qualitative research: The craft of reading, responding, and listening. Hospital Practice, 44(4), 17-26.
• Tong, A., Sainsbury, P., & Craig, J. (2007). Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 19(6), 349-357.