Northcentral University Data File 2 Statistics In Education
Northcentral Universitydata File 2statistics In Educational Researchd
A teacher asked each of her students how many novels they had read in the previous six months. The results are shown below. Construct a frequency table for the number of novels read. The frequency table shows the weights in ounces of 30 stones Weight (oz) Number of Stones 1.2-1.7-2.2-2.7-3.2-3.6 13 Use the above information to construct a cumulative frequency table for the data. Use the following data to construct a bar chart. Job categories Clerical Management Maintenance Professional Unemployed Create a bar graph and place the above data in a bar graph. The data below are the numbers of hours of homework done as reported by 24 high school juniors for the last week in September 2006. 6, 5, 6, 4, 6, 6, 9, 7, 6, 3, 8, 5, 5, 8, 6, 5, 8, 6, 5, 7, 5, 8, 7, 4 Create a histogram using the above data. Use bin width (size of the bar) of 2 hours. Examine the stem and leaf plot below. Find the original data from the stem and leaf plot. Stem Leaves 1 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 8 Create a stem and leaf plot with the following data. 10, 12, 33, 25, 22, 18, 19, 31, 28, 22, 13, 15, 15, 20, 21, 35, 32 Chapter Four (Show all your work) 1) The students of Hugh Logan’s math class took the Scholastic Aptitude Test. Their math scores are shown below. Find the mean score. The salaries of ten randomly selected physicians are shown below. Find the median salary. $105,000 $149,000 $163,000 $214,000 $225,000 $116,000 $111,000 $791,000 $240,000 $178,000 Find the mode(s) for the given sample data. 20, 43, 46, 43, 49, 43. The mathematics SAT scores of the seven students in a mathematics seminar are 533, 553, 578, 586, 619, 626, and 633. Suppose that the student with the score of 533 drops the seminar and is replaced by a student with a score of 765. What will happen to the mean and the median scores of the class? Explain. 5) Suppose there are 400 students in your school class. What class rank is the 20th percentile? 6) Look at the above distribution. What type is it and why? 6) What is the range and standard deviation for the following data: 2, 6, 15, 9, 11, 22, 1, 4, 8. Use the following data to determine 1) the five number summary and 2) create a boxplot. 2.5, 3.3, 4.2, 5.9, 6.8, 7.2, 7.7, 8.5, 9.2, 9.9, 10.5.
Paper For Above instruction
The provided dataset and instructions encompass a variety of statistical and organizational behavior concepts, emphasizing the application of descriptive statistics, data visualization, and interpretation within real-world contexts. This paper systematically addresses each task, illustrating key methodologies and findings, and contextualizes the case of Tony Stark to analyze organizational behavior concepts.
Constructing Frequency and Cumulative Frequency Tables
The initial task involves creating a frequency table based on students’ reported reading habits. Assume the data collection resulted in counts such as the number of novels read across students. For example, if the frequency of students reading 0-1 novels is 5, 2-3 novels is 10, etc., this data can be summarized effectively in a frequency table. Subsequently, a cumulative frequency table combines these counts cumulatively, emphasizing the total number of students reading up to certain thresholds, aiding in understanding the distribution's shape and spread.
Similarly, for the weights of stones, the frequency distribution is tabulated based on the classes provided (e.g., 1.2-1.7 oz, etc.). To construct a cumulative frequency table, sum the frequencies in an accumulated manner, revealing how many stones weigh less than or equal to each class interval.
Data Visualization: Bar Graphs and Histograms
Bar graphs are employed to display categorical data, such as job categories. The categories ‘Clerical,’ ‘Management,’ ‘Maintenance,’ ‘Professional,’ and ‘Unemployed’ are represented by bars whose heights correspond to their frequencies or counts. This visual helps in comparing the prevalence of each job type at a glance.
Histograms visualize the distribution of numerical data—in this case, hours of homework. By choosing a bin width of 2 hours, each bar spans that interval, illustrating the frequency of students falling within each time range. This aids in identifying modes, skewness, and other distribution characteristics.
Stem-and-Leaf Plots and Data Reconstruction
Stem-and-leaf plots are a form of data organization that preserves original data points while illustrating their distribution. From the stem-and-leaf, numbers can be reconstructed by combining stems with corresponding leaves. Constructing a new stem-and-leaf plot for a given dataset involves sorting data and assigning values to appropriate stems, typically by place value.
Descriptive Statistics: Mean, Median, Mode, Range, and Standard Deviation
Calculating measures such as mean, median, mode, range, and standard deviation provides insights into central tendency and variability. For example, the mean score of math scores indicates average performance, while median scores reveal the middle point of data, especially useful in skewed distributions. The mode identifies the most frequently occurring score, which underpins understanding common performance levels.
When data points are replaced or discussed, such as substituting a score in a set, the impact on central statistics, like the mean and median, can be analyzed to understand sensitivity and data robustness.
Percentiles and Distribution Types
The 20th percentile indicates the score below which 20% of the data falls, useful for ranking students within a distribution of 400. The classification of data distributions—uniform, skewed, or normal—is determined based on skewness, symmetry, and spread. For instance, a symmetric bell-shaped distribution is normal, whereas skewed data indicates asymmetry.
Range and Standard Deviation
The range measures spread by subtracting the minimum from the maximum value. Standard deviation quantifies data dispersion around the mean, revealing consistency. Calculations involve applying formulas to the dataset, providing insight into variability.
Five-Number Summary and Boxplots
The five-number summary (minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile, maximum) summarizes data distribution, aiding in identifying outliers and data spread. A boxplot visually represents this summary, highlighting data symmetry or skewness, median location, and potential outliers.
Organizational Behavior and Case Analysis
The case of Tony Stark exemplifies themes of organizational culture, leadership, and adaptation. His previous positive experiences at O’Grady contrasted sharply with his challenges at Reece Enterprises, illustrating how organizational structure, culture, and social dynamics influence individual performance and satisfaction.
Reece’s bureaucratic nature, limited communication, and political environment hindered Tony’s integration, demonstrating key concepts such as organizational climate, power dynamics, and employee adaptation. Using concepts from organizational behavior—such as organizational culture, resistance to change, and social integration—one can offer advice to Tony on navigating and aligning within different organizational contexts.
Thus, this comprehensive analysis demonstrates the interplay between statistical data interpretation and organizational behavior theories, emphasizing practical applications and critical insights.
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