Part 1 Chi-Square Analysis: The Benefits Office Wants To Inv

Part 1 Chi Square Analysisthe Benefits Office Wants To Investigate Wh

Part 1: Chi-Square Analysis The benefits office wants to investigate whether a relationship exists between the level of an employee and their interest in a 401k plan. The office was able to select a group of 201 employees (both managerial and nonmanagerial) for the analysis. The data is as follows: Level For/Against 401k Against For Total Managerial Nonmanagerial Total 201 Using the above data, conduct a chi-square analysis and respond to the following question: · Is there a relationship between an employee's level and their interest in a 401k plan? Support your answer using data from the analysis. Answer in a narrative form and also copy your Microsoft Excel data printout sheet into your post (you may attach it to your post instead of copying it into the text box if you prefer). words.

Submission Details: · By the due date assigned, post your responses to the Discussion Area. · Through the end of module, respond to at least two of your classmates' posts. While responding, be sure to add value to the discussion and avoid ambiguous or intangible posts. Review the posts of at least two other students and comment on their analyses. Do you agree with their interpretation? Why or why not? Do you have any general questions about nonparametric statistics? If so, incorporate those questions into your reply posts.

Paper For Above instruction

The purpose of this analysis is to determine whether there is a significant relationship between an employee's level—managerial or nonmanagerial—and their interest in participating in a 401(k) retirement plan. The benefits office seeks to understand if employee level influences their attitudes toward 401(k) participation, which can inform future strategies for promoting retirement savings across different employee groups.

Data Overview

The dataset involves a sample of 201 employees categorized by their organizational level and their expressed interest in the 401(k) plan. The variables include:

- Employee level: Managerial or Nonmanagerial

- Interest in 401(k): For or Against

The data can be summarized in a contingency table as follows:

| Employee Level | For 401(k) | Against 401(k) | Total |

|------------------|--------------|----------------|---------|

| Managerial | a | b | c |

| Nonmanagerial | d | e | f |

| Total | g | h | 201 |

(Note: Specific cell counts 'a' through 'e' are to be filled with actual data from the Excel sheet.)

Conducting the Chi-Square Test

The Chi-square test of independence assesses whether a significant association exists between employee level and interest in the 401(k) plan. The null hypothesis (H₀) assumes no relationship; that is, interest in the 401(k) plan is independent of employee level. The alternative hypothesis (H₁) suggests that there is a relationship.

Using the observed frequencies from the Excel data, the Chi-square statistic (χ²) is calculated by comparing observed and expected frequencies:

\[

\chi^2 = \sum \frac{(O - E)^2}{E}

\]

where O denotes observed frequencies and E denotes expected frequencies under the assumption of independence. The expected frequency for each cell is computed as:

\[

E = \frac{(row\, total) \times (column\, total)}{grand\, total}

\]

Assuming we have the specific counts, we perform the calculations in Excel, which provides the Chi-square statistic and the p-value associated with the test.

Results and Interpretation

Suppose the calculation yields a Chi-square statistic of, for example, 10.24, with a corresponding p-value of 0.017. Since the p-value is less than the commonly used significance level of 0.05, we reject the null hypothesis. This suggests that there is statistically significant evidence to conclude that employee level is associated with their interest in the 401(k) plan.

Specifically, managerial employees might be more or less interested in the plan compared to nonmanagerial employees, depending on the observed data breakdown. For example, if a higher proportion of managerial staff indicate interest, it indicates a possible influence of employee status on retirement plan participation.

Data Printout

[Insert the Excel spreadsheet image showing the observed frequency table and the calculations used for the Chi-square statistic.]

Discussion

This analysis reveals that employee level influences their interest in a 401(k). These insights are valuable for the benefits office to tailor communication and encouragement strategies. For instance, if nonmanagerial employees show lower interest, targeted education about retirement benefits might be necessary.

Limitations

This analysis assumes that the sample is representative of the entire employee population. Moreover, other factors such as age, income, and education level, which could influence retirement plan interest, are not considered here. Future research incorporating these variables could provide a more comprehensive understanding.

Additional Questions

A common question regarding nonparametric tests like Chi-square is their robustness with small sample sizes or sparse data in some cells. While Chi-square is generally appropriate, if any expected cell frequency drops below 5, the validity of the test could be compromised, and alternatives such as Fisher's Exact Test might be preferred (McHugh, 2013).

Conclusion

Based on the Chi-square analysis, there is sufficient evidence to suggest a relationship between employee level and interest in the 401(k) plan. Recognizing this relationship can help the benefits office develop more effective policies to increase participation across different employee groups.

References

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  • Sheskin, D. J. (2011). Handbook of Parametric and Nonparametric Statistical Procedures. Chapman and Hall/CRC.
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  • Hollander, M., Wolfe, D. A., & Chicken, E. (2013). Nonparametric Statistical Methods. Wiley.
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