Please Number Each Question: The Precede Proceed Approach
Please Number Each Question1 The Precede Proceed Approach Has Several
1. The PRECEDE-PROCEED approach has several key assessment/diagnosis phases. Please describe the epidemiological assessment. What are some key sources of data used in this assessment? Which main questions is this assessment is trying to address/answer?
Your response should be at least 225 words in length.
2. What specific questions are being brought forward by the evaluators as they are trying to collect the necessary evaluation data? What are the three main types of evaluation discussed in the PRECEDE-PROCEED approach? What is each of them trying to identify, measure, evaluate?
Your response should be at least 225 words in length.
3. What are some of the key assumptions behind the PRECEDE-PROCEED approach? What are some of the key benefits of using this approach? What are some of the “real-life” examples of using this approach?
Your response should be at least 225 words in length.
4. Do you think the idea of multilevel theory is a more accurate reflection of the way contributing factors affect behavior in real life? Why or why not? Your response should be at least 225 words in length.
Course Textbook: Edberg, M. (2015). Essentials of health behavior: Social and behavioral theory in public health (2nd ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Paper For Above instruction
Introduction
The PRECEDE-PROCEED model is a comprehensive framework used in health promotion planning and evaluation. It emphasizes understanding the multifaceted factors influencing health behaviors through systematic assessment and intervention. The epidemiological assessment is a foundational component, aiming to analyze health problems within a community by examining prevalent health issues, their distribution, and determinants. This assessment is crucial for identifying priority health challenges and setting the stage for intervention strategies.
In conducting the epidemiological assessment, key data sources include disease registries, hospital records, public health surveys, surveillance data, and community health reports. These sources provide quantitative data on disease prevalence, mortality rates, risk factors, and health disparities. Qualitative data gathered from community interviews, focus groups, and stakeholder meetings enrich the understanding of contextual factors influencing health outcomes. The main questions addressed include: What are the leading health problems in the community? Which populations are most affected? What are the associated behavioral and environmental risk factors?
Regarding evaluation questions, evaluators seek to understand whether implemented interventions are effective and efficient. They ask: Are the health outcomes improving? Are behavioral changes occurring as intended? What modifications are needed for better results? The PRECEDE-PROCEED approach discusses three main evaluation types: formative, process, and outcome evaluation. Formative evaluation occurs during program development, ensuring activities are appropriate; process evaluation monitors fidelity and participation; outcome evaluation assesses the achievement of specific health goals. Each type provides valuable insights into different program stages, helping refine interventions and measure success comprehensively.
Key assumptions underpinning the PRECEDE-PROCEED model include the belief that health behaviors are complex and influenced by multiple factors, including individual, social, and environmental determinants. The approach also assumes that systematic assessment leads to tailored, culturally appropriate interventions. Benefits of the model include its comprehensive nature, community participation emphasis, and flexibility for adaptation. Real-life examples include community-based programs targeting chronic diseases, vaccination campaigns, and obesity prevention initiatives, all utilizing the model’s structured process to identify issues, engage stakeholders, and evaluate outcomes effectively.
The multilevel theory perspective aligns with the understanding that behavior is shaped by interrelated factors at multiple levels—individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and societal. This approach offers a more realistic reflection of how contributing factors interact in real life, emphasizing that single-level interventions may be insufficient. For example, addressing obesity through individual education without modifying environmental factors like food availability or built environment may have limited success. Multilevel theories support comprehensive strategies that simultaneously target multiple influences, increasing the likelihood of sustainable behavior change.
References
- Edberg, M. (2015). Essentials of health behavior: Social and behavioral theory in public health (2nd ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.