PSY625: Biological Bases Of Behavior - Ashford University ✓ Solved
PSY625: Biological Bases of Behavior Ashford University 1
PSY625: Biological Bases of Behavior Ashford University articles.
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Paper For Above Instructions
The intersection of biological bases and behavior offers a comprehensive view of human psychology, shaping our understanding of cognitive functions, emotional responses, and behavioral patterns. This paper will delve into several crucial concepts presented in the relevant literature, analyzing the intricate dynamics between neurobiological processes and behavior.
Cognitive Health and Aging
One cornerstone of psychological research is the impact of physical activity on cognitive health, particularly in older adults. Anderson-Hanley et al. (2010) highlight the cognitive health benefits associated with strengthening exercises. Engaging in such physical activities can enhance neuroplasticity, the brain’s ability to reorganize itself, thereby improving cognitive functions. Conversely, a sedentary lifestyle can increase the risks of cognitive decline associated with aging. As such, fostering a culture that encourages physical activity among seniors is vital for maintaining cognitive health.
Neurological Damage and Cognitive Functions
Exploring the effects of neurological damage reveals significant implications for cognitive functions. Berryhill et al. (2008) demonstrate that individuals with right parietal lobe damage exhibit altered performance in serial reaction time tasks. This correlation implies that specific brain regions significantly influence attention and timing, which are critical aspects of performance in everyday tasks. Understanding these connections underscores the necessity of tailored rehabilitation approaches for individuals with brain injuries to improve cognitive performance.
The Role of Emotion in Executive Functioning
Emotion plays a crucial role in executive functioning, impacting decision-making processes. According to Carvalho & Ready (2010), normal mood states can influence fluency tasks, suggesting that emotional states will affect cognitive processing and decision-making. This intersection becomes especially relevant when addressing populations with mood disorders, as their emotional fluctuations can lead to significant impairments in executive functioning, impacting their daily lives.
Decision-Making in Sleep Disorders
The interplay between sleep disorders and cognitive performance further emphasizes biological bases in behavior. Daurat et al. (2013) illustrate that individuals with obstructive sleep apnea experience impaired decision-making capabilities. The cognitive decline observed in these individuals underscores the necessity to integrate comprehensive sleep assessments into clinical evaluations, thereby highlighting the crucial role sleep plays in maintaining cognitive functions.
Cognitive Impairments and Dementia
Cognitive deficits in conditions such as Huntington's disease reveal the broader implications of neurodegenerative diseases on behavior. Research by Duff et al. (2010) provides insights into the extent of cognitive impairment experienced by individuals with Huntington's disease, facilitating a clearer understanding of how specific neurological changes can manifest as impairments in executive functioning. Such investigations are vital to developing effective therapeutic strategies aimed at preserving cognitive functions in neurodegenerative disorders.
Longitudinal Studies on Cognitive Abilities
The utilization of longitudinal studies allows for the examination of cognitive trajectories over time. Yam et al. (2014) focus on older adults' cognitive abilities, revealing that patterns in basic and everyday cognitive skills can shift across a decade. These findings are critical for identifying early signs of cognitive decline, enabling the implementation of interventions that may support cognitive health in aging populations.
The Social Cognition in Dementia
Exploring social cognition in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and early dementia emphasizes the social dimension of cognitive health. Henry et al. (2012) reveal that social behavior deteriorates alongside cognitive impairment, suggesting that interventions should include social engagement components to foster emotional well-being and cognitive health.
Memory Disorders and Impairments
Memory deficits related to neuropsychological disorders, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), are another compelling area of study. Racsmány et al. (2011) explore how OCD can affect prospective memory, revealing crucial insights into memory processing. Understanding these cognitive impairments has profound implications for developing targeted therapeutic strategies and supports for affected individuals.
Implications for Clinical Practice
The comprehensive understanding of the biological bases of behavior offers actionable insights for clinical practice. The literature collectively supports the integration of physical health, emotional well-being, and cognitive functioning as interconnected entities. Clinicians can adopt a multifaceted approach to treatment, emphasizing the importance of exercise and emotional stability as pivotal to enhancing cognitive health.
Conclusion
In summarizing the biological bases of behavior, it becomes evident that various neurological, psychological, and environmental factors intricately shape human behavior. By examining literature from diverse realms—aiding cognitive health in older adults to exploring the effects of neurological impairments—psychology can develop a more holistic understanding of behavior. Future research should continue to explore these connections, fostering advanced interventions that support cognitive functioning across all demographics.
References
- Anderson-Hanley, C., Nimon, J. P., & Westen, S. C. (2010). Cognitive health benefits of strengthening exercise for community-dwelling older adults. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 32(9), doi:10.1080/.
- Berryhill, M. E., Mazuz, Y. S., & Olson, I. R. (2008). Serial reaction time performance following right parietal lobe damage. Journal of Neuropsychology, 2(Pt 2), doi:10.1348/X269767.
- Carvalho, J. O., & Ready, R. E. (2010). Emotion and executive functioning: The effect of normal mood states on fluency tasks. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 32(3), doi:10.1080/.
- Daurat, A., Ricarrere, M., & Tiberge, M. (2013). Decision making is affected in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. Journal of Neuropsychology, 7(1), doi:10.1111/j..2012.02039.x.
- Duff, K., Beglinger, L. J., Theriault, D., Allison, J., & Paulsen, J. S. (2010). Cognitive deficits in Huntington’s disease on the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 32(3), doi:10.1080/.
- Henry, J. D., von Hippel, W., Thompson, C., Pulford, P., Sachdev, P., & Brodaty, H. (2012). Social behavior in mild cognitive impairment and early dementia. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 34(8), doi:10.1080/.2012.683855.
- Racsmány, M., Demeter, G., Csigo, K., Harsanyi, A., & Nemeth, A. (2011). An experimental study of prospective memory in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 33(1), 85-91, doi:10.1080/.2010.493147.
- Yam, A., Gross, A. L., Prindle, J. J., & Marsiske, M. (2014). Ten-year longitudinal trajectories of older adults’ basic and everyday cognitive abilities. Neuropsychology, doi:10.1037/neu.
- Gillberg, I. C., Billstedt, E., Wentz, E., Anckarsater, H., Rastam, M., & Gillberg, C. (2010). Attention, executive functions, and mentalizing in anorexia nervosa eighteen years after onset of eating disorder. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 32(4), doi:10.1080/.