Question 17 Points: Which Of The Following Is Not A Typical

Question 17 Pointswhich Of The Following Is Not Atypicalphase Of The

Question 1 (7 points) Which of the following is not a typical phase of the SDLC? Question 1 options: A) Planning Phase B) Analysis Phase C) Design Phase D) Implementation Phase E) Testing Phase F) Support Phase

Question 2 (7 points) “Shortchanged user requirements” have been highly associated with failed projects and are typically due to which of the following? Question 2 options: A) Insufficient funding allocated by the organization for the project B) Weak analysis of system requirements, because incomplete requirements form an insufficient base for design of effective systems C) Insufficient personnel resources allocated by the organization for the project. D) None of the above.

Question 3 (7 points) Distributing questionnaires to stakeholders and end users, reviewing organizational documentation, conducting interviews with end users and observing current work practices are all techniques and tools used during which phase of the SDLC? Question 3 options: A) Evaluation of system B) Analysis C) Design D) Implementation E) All of the above

Question 4 (7 points) In the context of software system analysis and design, what does the term ERD stand for? Question 4 options: A) Evaluation of Relational Database B) Entity Relationship Diagram C) Emergency Repair Disk D) Emergency Response Division E) None of the above.

Question 5 (7 points) OO systems analysis and design involves using a set of diagrams that are defined in which of the following? Question 5 options: A) Object Oriented Programming B) HIS C) Unified Modeling Language (UML) D) Sequence Diagram E) None of the above.

Question 6 (7 points) When organizations, such as hospitals, procure their systems as a combination of “building” system components and “buying” other components, which of the following is the most important subsequent activity? Question 6 options: A) Integrating system components B) Testing individual system components C) Hiring more IT staff D) Spending more money E) None of the above.

Question 7 (7 points) Which of the following are the distinct functions of an EHR system? (select all that apply) Question 7 options: A) Access to clinical data B) CPOE C) Clinical documentation D) Clinical decision support

Question 8 (8 points) For an EHR system implementation to be successful, it has to be driven primarily from which viewpoint? Question 8 options: A) Information System’s viewpoint B) Clinician’s viewpoint C) Finance Department’s viewpoint D) Management's viewpoint E) None of the above

Question 9 (7 points) For a successful EHR development and implementation project, the implementation should include which of the following? (select all that apply) Question 9 options: A) Physicians B) Nurses C) Patients D) Other clinical personnel who will use the system

Question 10 (7 points) In the context of the textbook, what does OEF stand for? Question 10 options: A) Original Electronic Format B) Optimal Extension Fields C) Order Entry Form D) Operational Efficiency Factor E) Order Entry Format

Question 11 (8 points) Which of the following correctly describes the difference between an EMR and an EHR? Question 11 options: A) EMR is considered a comprehensive digital medical record, whereas EHR is typically used for providing diagnostic or therapeutic care within a single context of care. B) EHR is considered a comprehensive digital medical record, whereas EMR is typically used for providing diagnostic or therapeutic care within a single context of care.

Question 12 (7 points) True or False: Effective governance is essential to achieve EMR system success. Question 12 options: True False

Question 13 (7 points) Which of the following should be managed and maintained by HIT professionals and the systems governance team? Question 13 options: A) EMR standards and structure B) Management of executable knowledge C) All of the above.

Question 14 (7 points) Which of the following correctly describes the difference between synchronous and asynchronous communication? Question 14 options: A) Synchronous refers to information presented later to a clinician, often via message or some other notification, whereas asynchronous refers to information presented in real time to a clinician. B) Asynchronous refers to information presented later to a clinician, often via message or some other notification, whereas synchronous refers to information presented in real time to a clinician.

Paper For Above instruction

The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a systematic process used for developing information systems. Among its phases, the Planning, Analysis, Design, Implementation, Testing, and Support phases are traditionally recognized as critical components. The question of which phase is not typical is intriguing, especially considering the Support phase, which, although essential, is sometimes viewed as an ongoing activity rather than a distinct SDLC phase. Understanding the nuances of each phase assists in defining project scope, managing resources, and ensuring successful system deployment.

The failure of IT projects often stems from inadequate requirements analysis, termed “shortchanged user requirements.” This issue significantly contributes to project failure because incomplete or misunderstood requirements compromise system effectiveness. Weak analysis during the early stages, primarily during the requirements gathering and analysis phase, leads to flawed system design and implementation, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive and accurate requirements elicitation. Insufficient funding or personnel resource allocation can also exacerbate these issues but are secondary to initial analysis deficiencies.

Various techniques and tools facilitate effective system analysis, including distributing questionnaires to stakeholders and users, reviewing organizational documentation, conducting interviews, and observing current work practices. These activities primarily occur during the Analysis phase, aimed at capturing user needs and understanding existing workflows to inform system design accurately. Proper analysis ensures that systems align with organizational goals and user expectations, reducing the risk of project failure.

In software system design, ERD stands for Entity Relationship Diagram, a crucial modeling tool representing data entities and their relationships within a database. ERDs facilitate database design by visually depicting how data elements relate, enabling clearer understanding among developers and stakeholders. This diagrammatic approach supports the logical structuring of data, which is essential for efficient database management and retrieval.

Object-Oriented (OO) systems analysis and design employ visual diagrams defined within the Unified Modeling Language (UML). UML provides a standardized way to visualize system architecture, including class diagrams, sequence diagrams, and use case diagrams, fostering clarity in complex system development. UML's flexibility supports iterative development and enhances communication among developers, analysts, and stakeholders, making it integral to OO system design.

Organizations like hospitals often procure systems through a combination of building and buying components. After procurement, integrating these components is critical to ensure interoperability and cohesive system functionality. Integration involves aligning disparate modules, resolving conflicts, and testing the assembled system thoroughly before deployment. Proper integration is paramount to maintaining system reliability and meeting user needs efficiently.

Electronic Health Records (EHR) systems fulfill various functions, including providing access to clinical data, supporting computerized physician order entry (CPOE), enabling clinical documentation, and offering clinical decision support. These features collectively enhance patient safety, improve workflow efficiency, and foster better clinical outcomes through integrated health information.

Successful EHR implementation hinges on several stakeholder perspectives, with the clinician's viewpoint being paramount. Clinicians are the primary users of EHRs, and their buy-in, usability, and workflow integration are essential for successful adoption. Emphasizing clinician-centered design facilitates smoother implementation and sustained usage, ultimately leading to improved patient care.

Implementing an EHR requires involvement from multiple clinical personnel, including physicians, nurses, patients, and other healthcare providers. Their participation ensures that the system addresses diverse needs, enhances usability, and fosters acceptance across the healthcare team. Engagement of all relevant stakeholders is crucial for realizing the system's full benefits.

In the context of health informatics, OEF stands for Order Entry Form, which facilitates structured documentation and ordering within EHR systems, streamlining workflows, and reducing errors. Properly formatted order entry forms improve clinical efficiency and safety by standardizing input and facilitating decision support mechanisms.

The key difference between Electronic Medical Records (EMR) and Electronic Health Records (EHR) lies in scope. EMRs are digital versions of paper records confined within a single provider's practice, focusing primarily on diagnosis and treatment related to that provider’s scope. EHRs are more comprehensive, capturing a patient's health information across multiple providers and settings, supporting holistic healthcare management and data sharing.

Effective governance is vital for EMR system success, ensuring data quality, security, compliance, and strategic alignment with organizational goals. Governance frameworks establish policies, standards, and accountability mechanisms that address privacy, security, and interoperability challenges, fostering trust and sustainability in EHR systems.

Health Information Technology (HIT) professionals and system governance teams manage critical elements such as EMR standards, system structures, and executable knowledge management. Proper management ensures systems are reliable, compliant, and capable of supporting clinical decision-making effectively, which directly influences the quality of healthcare delivery.

Synchronous and asynchronous communication differ primarily by timing. Synchronous communication occurs in real-time, such as face-to-face conversations, phone calls, or live chats, enabling immediate exchange. Conversely, asynchronous communication involves delayed exchanges, such as emails or messages that can be reviewed and responded to at a later time, offering flexibility but lacking immediacy.

References

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