Question Page 03: Deadline Monday 16/03/2019 23:59

Pg. 03question Threedeadline Monday 16032019 2359integrated Ente

Pg. 03 question Threedeadline Monday 16/03/2019 @ 23:59 Integrated Enterprise Systems IT402 College of Computing and Informatics

Question One (2 Marks):

Identify principal enterprise systems architectures and implementation strategies. List and explain the four goods movements in the procurement process.

Question Two (0.5 Marks):

Explain the use of conditions in the procurement process.

Question Three (1.5 Marks):

Identify principal enterprise systems architectures and implementation strategies. What are the differences between the distribution channel and the distribution chain?

Question Four (1 Mark):

Identify principal enterprise systems architectures and implementation strategies. What are the roles of partner functions in the fulfillment process?

Paper For Above instruction

Enterprise systems are comprehensive, integrated platforms that facilitate the coordination and management of various business processes across an organization. These systems are designed to optimize business efficiency, support decision-making, and enable seamless information flow among different functional units. Understanding the architecture and implementation strategies of enterprise systems is crucial for organizations aiming to leverage these technologies effectively.

Principal Enterprise Systems Architectures and Implementation Strategies

The architecture of enterprise systems can typically be classified into three main types: monolithic, service-oriented architecture (SOA), and cloud-based systems. The monolithic architecture involves a single, unified system where all components are tightly integrated. While this can simplify implementation initially, it often leads to scalability issues and difficulty in updating isolated modules. Service-oriented architecture, on the other hand, decomposes the system into loosely coupled services that communicate over a network, offering greater flexibility and easier maintenance. Cloud-based architectures provide scalability, accessibility, and reduced infrastructure costs, allowing organizations to deploy enterprise solutions via cloud services like SaaS (Software as a Service).

Implementation strategies are equally diverse. A top-down approach emphasizes a comprehensive initial deployment, often suitable for large organizations seeking centralized control. Conversely, phased implementation involves deploying components gradually, reducing risk and allowing for adjustments along the way. A hybrid approach combines elements of both, tailored to organizational needs.

Goods Movements in the Procurement Process

The procurement process involves several key goods movements that track the flow of materials and products:

1. Goods Receipt: When purchased goods arrive at the organization’s premises and are checked against purchase orders.

2. Goods Issue: Movement when goods are issued from inventory to production or internal consumption.

3. Transfer Posting: Adjustments within inventory, such as stock transfers between locations.

4. Return Goods: When defective or excess goods are returned to suppliers or vendors.

Each movement is integral to maintaining accurate inventory records, ensuring timely procurement, and supporting production schedules.

Use of Conditions in the Procurement Process

Conditions in procurement refer to predefined criteria or rules that influence decision-making during the purchasing process. They can specify acceptable price ranges, delivery times, or supplier qualifications. Conditions automate aspects of procurement, such as automatic approval or selection of suppliers based on set parameters. By applying conditions, organizations streamline purchasing activities, ensure compliance with policies, and optimize cost management.

Differences Between Distribution Channel and Distribution Chain

A distribution channel comprises the pathways through which products pass from manufacturers to consumers, including intermediaries like wholesalers and retailers. It defines the strategy of product delivery. Conversely, a distribution chain refers to the entire sequence of activities and organizations involved in moving a product from the supplier to the end-user. While the channel is a component within the chain, the chain encompasses the broader logistics, information flow, and processes involved in supply distribution.

Roles of Partner Functions in the Fulfillment Process

Partner functions are collaborative roles played by various entities involved in order fulfillment. Key partners include:

- Sold-to Party: The customer initiating the purchase.

- Ship-to Party: The recipient of the goods.

- Bill-to Party: The entity responsible for payment processing.

- Payer: The party responsible for settling the invoice.

- Partner Functions facilitate communication, delivery, billing, and payment, ensuring the fulfillment process aligns with contractual agreements and customer expectations. These roles streamline operations, improve customer service, and enhance supply chain efficiency.

In summary, understanding enterprise systems’ architectures and strategies, along with the specifics of procurement and distribution processes, is vital for optimizing organizational operations and achieving competitive advantage in today’s digital economy.

References

  • Laudon, K. C., & Laudon, J. P. (2020). Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm. Pearson.
  • Elragal, M., & Haddara, M. (2018). Enterprise architecture framework: An overview. Procedia Computer Science, 138, 468-475.
  • Soudagar, R., Iyer, V., & Holt, J. (2016). The Customer Experience Edge: Technology and Techniques for Delivering an Enduring, Profitable, and Positive Experience to Your Customers. McGraw-Hill Education.
  • Harrison, A., & Van Hoek, R. (2017). Logistics Management and Strategy. Pearson.
  • Chopra, S., & Meindl, P. (2016). Supply Chain Management: Strategy, Planning, and Operation. Pearson.
  • Sarkar, S., et al. (2019). System architectures for enterprise resource planning systems: A review. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 66(3), 297-312.
  • Klausen, T., et al. (2020). Distribution channels and chains: An integrated approach. Supply Chain Management Review, 24(2), 34-44.
  • Westerman, G., Bonnet, D., & McAfee, A. (2014). Leading Digital: Turning Technology into Business Transformation. Harvard Business Review Press.
  • Patel, N., & McCarthy, R. (2018). Partner roles in supply chain ecosystems. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 33(8), 1182-1192.
  • Schmidt, R. (2021). Implementing enterprise systems: Strategies and best practices. Information Systems Management, 38(4), 300-312.

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