Research Proposal: Water Closet Flush Valve Validation

Research Proposaltopic Water Closet Flush Valvedatedec

Research Proposal Topic: water closet flush valve Date: (date) Country: (country) Proposal category and objective: design of water closet flush valve for use in housing equipment such as the kitchen ware and toiletries. Target audience: (put your target audience) Target country: (put your target country) Detail description: How it works (Theory): Structure and parts When the handle pressed, the flush valve chain opens through the connection opens the flush valve for the water in the reservoir to flow into the bowl. The float ball then drops due to the lack of water in the tank, opening the inlet valve to let water flow into the reservoir. The flush valve then closes, and the incoming water keeps the valve closed. The inlet valve then closes after the water reaches a certain level. The governing equations and the fluid dynamics behind it The mechanism of operation is basically a siphoning model, siphoning is used in transporting a fluid from a higher elevation to a lower elevation. This can be explained by Bernoulli’s equation. Where the parameter in the equation mean: To compute the flow rate: Q = Av Where A is the area of tube and v is the velocity of the fluid. Assuming the density remains constant therefore from the law of conservation: Av in = A* v out ME 720 Intermediate Fluid Dynamics Fall 2015 Design Project: Students will design and present an outreach activity for a K-12 audience on a fluid dynamics topic. · Students can select the topic and audience age range · Students are encouraged to combine elements of their research or senior design projects · 20% of final grade · Teams of 1 – 3 students · Teams that combine undergraduate (or distance students) and graduate students will receive up to 5% extra credit · Students can pick their own teams · Distance students can also partner with on campus teams Schedule: November 9th – 1-page abstracts will be submitted to Dr. Betz. This should include your topic, your age range, and general concept December 7th – Presentations will be given. All students are required to participate. Distance students can either prepare detailed a power point presentation (10+ slides) or submit a video of their project. If distance students chose to work with on campus students they can call or video conference with the presentation. December 18th – Final report due and team evaluation due Requirements: · 1-page abstract must be approved by Dr. Betz (10%) · Dr. Betz will determine if the project meets the desired depth and breadth · 8-page final report (50%) · Must include at least 3 references · Figures can be included in an appendix · Can be supplemented with files from computations · Final presentation (30%) · All team members must participate · 15 minutes for presentation · 5 – 10 minutes for questions · Evaluation (10%) · Each team member must turn in a 1-page evaluation of their contributions to the project 1

Paper For Above instruction

The design and functionality of water closet flush valves are critical components in sanitation systems worldwide. An efficient flush valve not only conserves water but also ensures hygienic and reliable operation in residential and commercial settings. This paper explores the mechanical and fluid dynamic principles behind flushing systems, focusing on the development of a new, optimized water closet flush valve suitable for modern housing needs, especially in developing countries where water conservation is increasingly essential.

The operation of a typical flush valve involves a combination of mechanical components and fluid control principles. When a user presses the handle or button, a chain lifts a flush valve, allowing stored water in the tank to flow into the bowl via gravity and siphoning effects. The float ball attached to an inlet valve drops as water level decreases, signaling the inlet to open and refill the tank. Once the water reaches its preset level, the inlet valve closes, stopping the inflow, and the flush valve seals again, preventing further water flow. This cyclical process ensures water-efficient flushing and maintains hygiene.

Fundamentally, the operation hinges on principles of fluid mechanics, especially Bernoulli's equation and flow rate calculations. When water flows through the flush valve, the velocity and pressure distribution are governed by Bernoulli’s theorem, providing insights into optimizing the valve’s design for minimal water loss and maximum flushing efficiency. The flow rate (Q) is determined by the cross-sectional area (A) of the outlet and the velocity (v) of the fluid, as expressed by Q=A*v. Precise control of these parameters allows for an effective balance between water conservation and flushing power.

The mechanism's core is a siphoning model, which transports water from the tank to the bowl. The siphoning process is driven by the difference in water levels, creating a pressure differential that facilitates rapid evacuation of the bowl contents. This behavior can be mathematically modeled using Bernoulli's equations to calculate the velocity of water and optimize the design for various tank and bowl configurations. An essential aspect of the design is ensuring the seal integrity of the flush valve to prevent leaks and continuous water wastage.

Design innovations include the integration of smart sensors to detect user intent, automatic leak detection systems, and adjustable flow controls to tailor flush volumes for different household needs. Such features further enhance water efficiency and user convenience. Materials selection is also critical, with durable, corrosion-resistant plastics or metals used to prolong lifespan and reduce maintenance costs.

In conclusion, the development of a water closet flush valve requires a comprehensive understanding of fluid dynamics, mechanical design, and materials engineering. Applying Bernoulli's principles and flow rate calculations enables engineers to optimize these systems for sustainability and performance. As water scarcity concerns grow worldwide, innovations in flush valve technology represent a significant step toward resource-efficient sanitation solutions adaptable to diverse environments.

References

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