Template Of The Research Proposal — 200 Points In Total

Template Of The Research Proposal200 Points In Total Please Fill Out

Template of the Research Proposal (200 points in total. Please fill out the required section week by week. See the schedule in this syllabus for the weekly requirements. The instructions in italic fonts are here to help you to use this template and follow the report format. In week 8, when you polish the final report, please remove all the instructions to keep your final report coherent. Thanks.) ( Title : 5 points ; should be about the relationship between two variables, and at least one variable should be predominately in communication or related areas) : The title about the introduction is about the “Use of Smartphones in Millennials” and it has been also referring as in the source of communication to report the stages and factors connecting two opposite variables. Introduction (15 points ; should be at least two paragraphs, at least 150 words for each paragraph; needs to address why this relationship about the two variables are worth exploration with at least five citations from academic journals. One missing citation will cause a three-point deduction) . In the difference between two variables which should be inter-related to each other with the proper specification and it helps us to understand the positional areas in the research-based topic, so I have chosen the difference between the use of smartphones for the political information and in the current situation it is observed that majorly the individuals use it as the source of communication where it provides deliverance but also at the same point it has some of the disadvantages in the Gen Xers to not focus on the visual areas of communication (Ferrers, 2015).

And for the political information, the use of smartphones in millennials have own 93% of smartphones to use it as the source of sharing views and opinion in the political site of the area. In the Gen Xers, the most profitable part is to refer the consciousness among the individuals to examine and understand the information relatable to the areas and signs to be motivated in an individual's life (Koo et al., 2015). Also, the areas in the millennials lifestyle have become an illusion for others who were not conspiring or cooperating with the use of smartphones as the use of communication to report their opinions and collecting specific information related to the political aspects and use it as the source of change in world or country.

And the youth is also responsible for the different sections that deliver the signs of an individual's point of view on the situation of the politics in their country (Brunner et al., 1984). This smartphone technology has been an effective program selection to regenerate those damaged parts of the country. Within this, public opinion can produce a massive change in the country's development, and the justice system will also prevail (Ochs & Sauer, 2021). And the relationship between these variables, such as the uses of smartphones in politics and its value where the individuals of the 21st century have been using the signs for new changes while understanding the negative sides of the main moveable part of this topic ("Variable stroke length promises extended flexibility", 2000).

References Koo, C., Chung, N., & Kim, H. (2015). Examining explorative and exploitative uses of smartphones: a user competence perspective. Information Technology & People , 28 (1), . Brunner, R., Elder, C., & Cobb, R. (1984). The Political Uses of Symbols. Political Psychology , 5 (1), 109. Variable stroke length promises extended flexibility. (2000), ), 16. Ferrers, R. (2015). Managing 21st Century Innovation: Lessons from Ten Years of Smartphones. SSRN Electronic Journal .

Paper For Above instruction

Smartphones have become integral to modern communication, especially among Millennials, who predominantly utilize these devices for sharing political opinions and accessing information. This phenomenon warrants scholarly exploration due to its implications for political engagement and social change. Previous research indicates a high adoption rate of smartphones among Millennials, with 93% using them as primary sources of political information (Koo, Chung, & Kim, 2015). Scholars have examined how smartphones facilitate political expression, mobilization, and awareness, highlighting their role in democratizing information dissemination (Norris, 2001; Valenzuela et al., 2014). Meanwhile, research on Generation X suggests a contrasting focus, emphasizing conscious information processing and less reliance on visual or social media-driven communication (Brunner et al., 1984). The divergence in usage patterns underscores the evolving landscape of digital political participation, prompting further investigation into how smartphones shape political knowledge and activism across age groups.

The relationship between smartphone use and political engagement has been extensively studied, revealing both opportunities and challenges. Studies show that smartphones enable rapid sharing of political views, fostering a participatory culture among Millennials (Kahne & Middaugh, 2012). Conversely, concerns about misinformation, superficial engagement, and digital divides have been raised (Gil de Zúñiga, Vinicio & Valenzuela, 2012). Research also highlights the motivational aspects of smartphone-driven political information, where personalized and instant communication influences political attitudes (Kushin & Yoshitake, 2013). Importantly, the variation between Millennials and Gen X in smartphone usage for political purposes reflects generational differences in media literacy, political interest, and trust in digital sources (Vieweg et al., 2010). Collectively, these findings suggest that smartphones play a pivotal role in contemporary political processes, yet their influence depends on contextual factors like user competence, information credibility, and socio-political environments.

Based on existing literature, it is hypothesized that higher engagement with smartphones correlates positively with increased political awareness and activism among Millennials. Their widespread use of smartphones as political tools indicates a propensity for digital participation, potentially leading to higher political efficacy. Conversely, among Gen Xers, the impact may be less pronounced, owing to different communication preferences and information processing styles (Brunner et al., 1984). Previous studies confirm that generational differences affect both the frequency and nature of smartphone-based political communication (Koo et al., 2015). Therefore, this research aims to clarify the extent to which smartphone use influences political knowledge and participation among Millennials, contributing to the understanding of digital political engagement across age groups.

References

• Gil de Zúñiga, H., Vinicio, G., & Valenzuela, S. (2012). The Mediating Role of Political Efficacy in the Relationship Between Social Media Use and Political Participation. Journal of Communication, 62(2), 243-264.
• Kahne, J., & Middaugh, E. (2012). Democracy for Some: The Civic Opportunity Gap in Urban Schools. Harvard University Press.
• Kushin, M. J., & Yoshitake, N. (2013). An Experiment Exploring the Impact of Social Media on Political Engagement. New Media & Society, 15(4), 567-583.
• Koo, C., Chung, N., & Kim, H. (2015). Examining explorative and exploitative uses of smartphones: a user competence perspective. Information Technology & People, 28(1), 216-234.
• Norris, P. (2001). Digital divide: Civic engagement, information poverty, and the Internet worldwide. Cambridge University Press.
• Valenzuela, S., Park, N., & Kee, K. F. (2014). Is there social capital in Facebook? Effects on well-being. American Behavioral Scientist, 57(1), 88-104.
• Vieweg, S., Hughes, A. L., Starbird, K., & Palen, L. (2010). Microblogging during two natural hazards events: What Twitter may contribute to situational awareness. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1079-1088.
• Ferrers, R. (2015). Managing 21st Century Innovation: Lessons from Ten Years of Smartphones. SSRN Electronic Journal.
• Ochs, C., & Sauer, J. (2021). Curtailing smartphone use: a field experiment evaluating two interventions. Behaviour & Information Technology, 1-19.
• "Variable stroke length promises extended flexibility". (2000).