This Course Taught You The Research Process And How To Read

This course has taught you the research process how to read research

This course has taught you the research process, how to read research reports/published literature, and select research-based evidence that will form the basis for your practice. According to AACN (2008), "scholarship for the baccalaureate graduate involves identification of practice issues; appraisal and integration of evidence; and evaluation of outcomes" (p.15). Now, it is time to think about how you will connect evidence to your practice. The one role that all nurses play is that of knowledge worker. No longer should nurses use reliance on traditions, myths, and outdated resources.

According to QSEN (2018), health care professionals should have "an appreciation of a scientific basis for practice and value EBP as integral in determining best clinical practice" (para EBP). NR439 has helped you to recognize the value of research and EBP, identify knowledge/practice gaps, and to search and apply research-based evidence to fill them. The first step in incorporating evidence-based research findings is to reflect on a clinical situation. Problems are all around us - some are small and easily managed, while others are significant and require further investigation. Examples of significant problems include medication errors or patient falls.

Think about a significant nursing practice problem that you would like to improve by searching for evidence. Next, it is important to use a PICO-formatted clinical question as the basis for a systematic database search to find research regarding the situation or problem. Your PICO elements are turned into key terms that you use to find research-based evidence in databases, such as Medline or CINAHL. Published authors will indicate key terms associated with the research reports/articles. The database stores the abstract or article along with its key terms.

When you search, the database looks for abstracts and articles with key terms that are similar to your key terms. The database returns information about sources that match! Once you have a reasonable number of returns, you look through them to discover those that are likely to yield evidence related to your problem. When you find the relevant literature, you will analyze the results, the credibility of the findings, and the level of evidence. In addition to the evidence, you will need to consider the practice organizational structure, the feasibility, benefits, and risks of adopting the assigned research findings into practice.

Implementing Practice Change Based on Evidence Think about a practice problem you are concerned about. You may propose a change based on evidence that will positively affect the problem or issue. It is important to consider available resources, including finances, personnel, and time, to implement evidence-based practice in this step. Sometimes, a pilot study may be conducted, in which both the process of implementing the evidence-based practice change and the outcome of this EBP change are evaluated. The stakeholders will decide to adapt the change or adopt the change in the pilot study.

If the evidence-based practice change is rejected, then the organization must decide on how to proceed to address the problem or issue that still exists. Once the decision to adapt or adopt the evidence-based practice changes, the change must be communicated to a wide range of stakeholders within the organization. Planning will be necessary to address changes such as forms, equipment, policy, procedures, and standards of practice. In addition, education is necessary to implement evidence-based practice changes. Finally, a system must be created to monitor the progress and outcomes of the new implementation of evidence-based practice.

Barriers to Evidence-Based Practice Barriers may be encountered when engaging in evidence-based practice. These barriers must be recognized in order to manage and overcome them. Change Sometimes, the barrier is not related to the specific change that has been proposed, but rather to change itself. Change within any organization can be a difficult process. The organization may not be aware of newer evidence due to lack of perceived value, lack of support, lack of ability to understand nursing research, lack of availability, and lack of time.

In order to facilitate the underlying issues, it is essential to create an environment to support evidence-based practice. For instance, it is important to anticipate the resistance to change with proactive education. In addition, a research committee can enhance the development and delivery of up-to-date evidence and knowledge. Authority Authority to make a change is another common barrier to evidence-based practice. Change cannot be facilitated by one person alone.

If you find evidence that supports a change, consider how you would go about instituting the change process. For example, policy or procedures may need attention, staff may require training or new equipment may need to be purchased. If you change your own practice with respect to one of these examples, but no one else in the organization changes, the net effect could be to make the situation worse rather than improve it. It is important to recognize who holds power within an organization to make evidence-based practice changes. Consider who you would approach with a good idea for a change.

Would you discuss this with your supervisor? How about asking to speak to a committee that has decision-making authority? Work through the appropriate channels to create a positive impact. Time Time is another barrier to evidence-based practice. Many members of an organization have difficulty finding the time to strategically plan and implement a significant change.

Yet, the time must be found or the problems will not be resolved. Research You may discover that there is a lack of research on the topic that you wish to investigate. Existing research may be sparse, outdated, or so narrowly focused that it cannot be generalized to your population. The situation is improving, but more funding is needed. Take opportunities to influence policy decisions on what research is pursued.

Facilitators to Evidence-Based Practice Nurses are overcoming these barriers to evidence-based practice. Successful strategies include: · nursing journal clubs where participants search for evidence and share with others; · subscriptions to databases that allow staff to search; · internet access that allow staff to search for evidence; · support staff that assist with gathering data, scanning the literature, and finding evidence; · creating a culture of evidence-based practice within the organization; · joining professional organizations that disseminate evidence to their members. (Houser, 2018) Think about the role you will play in helping nursing achieve a practice based on evidence. Our future depends on the important, valuable role each of us will play in helping to achieve excellence in nursing.

Paper For Above instruction

Introduction

Evidence-based practice (EBP) has become a cornerstone of modern nursing, emphasizing the integration of the best available research evidence into clinical decision-making to improve patient outcomes. This paper explores the process of implementing evidence-based practice, from identifying clinical problems to overcoming barriers and facilitating change within healthcare organizations. Through understanding these elements, nurses can develop strategies to promote EBP and enhance the quality of care delivered.

Identifying a Clinical Problem and Formulating a PICO Question

The first step in embedding EBP in practice is recognizing significant clinical issues, such as medication errors or patient falls. For instance, suppose a nurse observes an increase in patient falls within a hospital unit. To systematically address this problem, the nurse formulates a PICO question: "In adult hospitalized patients (P), does implementing bed exit alarms (I) compared to standard care (C) reduce the incidence of falls (O)?" This structured question guides a focused search for evidence and ensures that the inquiry addresses specific concerns relevant to patient safety.

Searching for Evidence Using Databases

Utilizing databases like CINAHL or Medline, the nurse identifies key search terms derived from the PICO question, such as "bed exit alarms," "falls prevention," and "hospitalized adults." These keywords are entered into the database, which retrieves relevant abstracts and full-text articles. The nurse evaluates the search results based on relevance, credibility, and level of evidence, selecting high-quality studies that offer robust data on fall prevention strategies.

Analyzing and Critically Appraising Evidence

Once relevant research articles are identified, the nurse critically examines their methodology, results, and applicability. The credibility of findings depends on factors like study design (e.g., randomized controlled trials vs. observational studies), sample size, and bias. The level of evidence is assessed to determine the strength of the recommendations. High-level evidence, such as systematic reviews or meta-analyses, provides a more reliable basis for practice changes than isolated case studies.

Implementing Practice Change

After selecting credible evidence, the nurse collaborates with stakeholders to develop an implementation plan. This may involve educational sessions, revisions of policies, procurement of necessary equipment (like bed exit alarms), and training staff. A pilot study can be conducted to evaluate the feasibility of the intervention, and results are analyzed to determine effectiveness. If successful, the new practice is adopted organization-wide, accompanied by ongoing monitoring and evaluation.

Overcoming Barriers to EBP

Barriers such as resistant staff, limited time, and organizational constraints can impede EBP. To overcome resistance, proactive education emphasizing the benefits of change and evidence support is essential. Establishing a research committee within the organization fosters a culture of inquiry and supports continuous learning. Authority to enforce changes must be recognized, and strategic planning ensures adequate time and resources are allocated for implementation. Addressing research gaps requires advocacy for funding and inclusion of nursing research priorities in policy decisions.

Facilitators and Enablers

Successful facilitators include journal clubs, subscriptions to databases, internet access, and organizational support staff. Participation in professional organizations enhances dissemination of evidence and provides opportunities for collaboration. Cultivating an organizational culture that values evidence enhances sustained practice change and improves patient outcomes.

Conclusion

In summary, effective integration of evidence-based practice involves purposeful problem identification, rigorous research searching, critical appraisal, strategic implementation, and overcoming organizational barriers. Nurses play a critical role in advancing EBP and promoting patient safety and quality care. Through continuous education, collaboration, and advocacy, nurses can foster a healthcare environment where evidence-based decision-making thrives, ultimately leading to better health outcomes.

References

  • American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2008). The essentials of baccalaureate education for professional nursing practice. AACN.
  • Houser, J. (2018). Nursing research: Reading, using, and creating evidence (4th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.
  • QSEN Institute. (2018). KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS, AND ATTITUDES (KSAs) for Evidence-Based Practice. Quality and Safety Education for Nurses.
  • Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2015). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice. Wolters Kluwer Health.
  • Johnson, B., & Gray, J. (2019). Implementing EBP: Barriers and facilitators. Journal of Nursing Administration, 49(3), 125–130.
  • Craig, J. V., & Smyth, R. L. (2020). The evidence-based practice manual for nurses and healthcare professionals. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Leach, L. S., et al. (2015). Strategies for promoting evidence-based practice among nurses. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 12(5), 319–324.
  • Rycroft-Malone, J., et al. (2016). Diffusion of innovations in healthcare. Implementation Science, 11, 1–10.
  • Stetler, C. B., et al. (2014). Verification of evidence-based practice recommendations. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 46(2), 124–133.
  • Tuawer, D., & Chisolm, M. (2017). Overcoming barriers to EBP. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 31(1), 23–28.

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