What Additional Information Is Contained In The 1 896463

What Additional Information Is Contained In The 1

Question 1. 1. (TCO 1) What additional information is contained in the 12-bit extended system ID of a BPDU? (Points : 6) VLAN ID Host address MAC address Port ID Question 2. 2. (TCO 1) EIGRP is a _____. (Points : 6) link-state routing protocol proprietary routing protocol protocol that works well in smaller networks statistical routing protocol Question 3. 3. (TCO 1) _____ is enabled by default. (Points : 6) STP EtherChannel PortFast VLAN 100 Question 4. 4. (TCO 2) How would you describe an EtherChannel implementation? (Points : 6) EtherChannel supports between two to 10 separate links. It increases the chance of a spanning-tree loop. A trunked port can be part of an EtherChannel bundle. EtherChannel operates only at layer 2. Question 5. 5. (TCO 2) You have configured EtherChannel. Which command will display the group used? (Points : 6) show interface port-channel3 show etherchannel summary show etherchannel port-channel show interface g0/1 etherchannel Question 6. 6. (TCO 2) The configuration of which other protocol can affect or cause problems with the EtherChannel configuration? (Points : 6) LACP DTP STP DTP and STP Question 7. 7. (TCO 3) _____ is a global organization that certifies the interoperability of 802.11 products from different vendors. (Points : 6) FCC IEEE ITU-R Wi-Fi Alliance Question 8. 8. (TCO 3) A(n) _____ is used in enterprise deployments to manage groups of lightweight access points (Points : 6) access point RADIUS authentication server WLAN controller Wireless switch Question 9. 9. (TCO 3) Which technology is used to increase the available bandwidth for the wireless network? (Points : 6) MIMO Mixed mode OFDM WPS Question 10. 10. (TCO 4) Which OSPF state is reached when the network has converged? (Points : 6) Converge Exchange Full Two-Way Question 11. 11. (TCO 4) _____ is a link-state routing protocol. (Points : 6) EIGRP OSPF RIPv2 RSTP Question 12. 12. (TCO 4) Why would OSPF routing protocol authentication be enabled on a network? (Points : 6) To activate IPsec for IPv6 To share routing information with neighbors in a secure manner To block unauthorized access to the router To activate LACP Question 1. 1. (TCO 4) How might one describe OSPF type 5 LSAs? (Points : 6) They are used to update routes between OSPF areas. They are called autonomous system external LSA entries. They are called router link entries. They are used where there is an elected DR in multi-access networks. Question 2. 2. (TCO 4) How might one describe OSPF type 3 LSAs? (Points : 6) They are used to update routes between OSPF areas. They are called autonomous system external LSA entries. They are called router link entries. They are used where there is an elected DR in multi-access networks. Question 3. 3. (TCO 5) EIGRP _____ packets have a need for specific information. (Points : 6) Hello Query Update Reply Question 4. 4. (TCO 5) The EIGRP hello packets are sent using the _____ protocol? (Points : 6) TCP reliable RTP UDP unreliable RTP Question 5. 5. (TCO 5) What is a benefit of EIGRP? (Points : 6) It is an open standard. Automatic route summarization of all routes Quickly adapts to alternate routes for rapid convergence It does not use loopback addresses. Question 6. 6. (TCO 5) A network engineer issues the maximum-paths command to configure load balancing in EIGRP. Which CLI mode is he in? (Points : 6) Privileged mode Global configuration mode Router configuration mode Interface configuration mode Question 7. 7. (TCO 5) The quad zero static default route _____. (Points : 6) is not used with EIGRP should be configured on the router facing the ISP is distributed for IPv6 with the redistribute IPv6 static command is represented as 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 Question 8. 8. (TCO 5) _____ is also called the bit bucket. (Points : 6) Loopback Link-Local Null0 interface EIGRP process link Question 9. 9. (TCO 6) On Cisco routers, where is the IOS stored? (Points : 6) Flash memory NVRAM ROM tftp server Question 10. 10. (TCO 6) What is the tftp server used for? (Points : 6) It allows for management of the router from a remote location. It is required for VPN connectivity for workers who must travel. It is used as a backup location for the IOS. It holds the IOS license agreement.

Question 1. (TCO 1) Name the characteristics which would more likely be considered in purchasing an access layer switch, as compared to buying switches that operate at the other layers of the Cisco hierarchical design model. (Points : 14) Question 2. (TCO 2) What is a benefit of using the channel-group 2 mode passive interface configuration command? (Points : 14) Question 3. (TCO 3) Describe in detail the WiGig standard, in your own words. (Points : 14) Question 4. (TCO 4) What is the criteria for selecting the OSPF router ID that uniquely identifies a router in an OSPF domain? Explain the process of selecting the router ID. (Points : 14) Question 5. (TCO 4) In your own words, list and describe the four steps to implementing multi-area OSPF. (Points : 14) Question 6. (TCO 5) What are the three default EIGRP ADs with the source of route. List them in the order of preferred administrative distance with the best AD first. (Points : 14) Question 7. (TCO 5) Write all the necessary commands to support MD5 authentication of the CHG_Secure keychain with a key string of Pep$R5. You must also include the IOS command prompts in front of the commands. Assume that you are already in global config mode. (Points : 14)

Paper For Above instruction

The assignment prompt covers a comprehensive set of topics ranging from network protocols, routing protocols, switching technologies, wireless standards, and device management techniques. It requires an in-depth discussion of technical characteristics, configuration commands, standards, and implementation strategies within networking environments, primarily focusing on Cisco network devices and protocols. The task involves explaining specific protocol details, standards like WiGig, OSPF and EIGRP operation and configuration, as well as practical considerations in network device purchasing and deployment. Additionally, it includes describing the selection processes for network design, security features such as MD5 authentication, and understanding the hardware storage and management tools like TFTP servers. Overall, the assignment aims to assess knowledge of current networking technologies, protocols, and best practices for effective network design, implementation, and security within enterprise environments.

Introduction

Modern network systems rely heavily on a complex combination of protocols, standards, and hardware to ensure efficient and secure data transmission. Throughout this paper, we will explore various aspects of networking technology, including Cisco-specific protocols such as BPDU system IDs, routing protocols like EIGRP and OSPF, switching mechanisms exemplified by EtherChannel, and advanced wireless standards such as WiGig. Additionally, the discussion will extend to network management tools, security measures including MD5 authentication, and device storage considerations. Each section aims to provide a detailed understanding of these technologies to promote effective and secure network architectures.

Extended System ID of BPDU

The Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDU) are essential components used in spanning-tree protocols to prevent loops within a network. Specifically, the 12-bit extended system ID of a BPDU contains supplemental information beyond the primary system ID. This additional data typically includes VLAN identifiers, allowing network administrators to implement multiple VLANs efficiently within a single spanning-tree instance. The VLAN ID is embedded in this field, providing context about the virtual LAN associated with a particular BPDU. This inclusion is especially useful in complex environments where multiple VLANs must be managed concurrently to ensure loop-free topology and proper traffic segregation.

Routing Protocols: EIGRP and OSPF

Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is a hybrid routing protocol that combines the characteristics of both distance-vector and link-state protocols. Its advantages include rapid convergence and efficient routing updates, making it suitable for enterprise networks. EIGRP is considered a proprietary protocol developed by Cisco, although it has been open-sourced in recent iterations. It employs Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL) to compute the best path, and typically uses UDP as its transport layer, offering fast and reliable routing updates. By contrast, OSPF is a true link-state routing protocol that maintains a complete map of the network topology, enabling efficient route calculations and scalability in large enterprise environments.

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is widely adopted due to its hierarchical design, which supports multi-area routing and reduces routing table size. When a network converges, OSPF reaches the Full state, indicating that all routers have synchronized link-state databases. Authentication in OSPF adds a security layer, preventing unauthorized devices from participating in routing updates, thus maintaining network integrity.

EtherChannel and Switching Technologies

EtherChannel is a technology designed to bundle multiple physical links into a single logical link to increase bandwidth and provide redundancy. Supporting between two to ten links, EtherChannel operates primarily at Layer 2, aggregating switches or routers for better performance. However, its implementation must be carefully managed, as misconfigurations or incompatible protocols like DTP (Dynamic Trunking Protocol) can create problems with the EtherChannel setup. To verify configurations, network administrators often use commands such as "show etherchannel summary," which displays the group size and status. Proper configuration of protocols like LACP (Link Aggregation Control Protocol) ensures compatibility and prevents issues related to link aggregation.

Wireless Standards and Security

The Wi-Fi Alliance is a global organization responsible for certifying interoperability among 802.11 wireless products from various vendors. The WiGig standard, also known as 60 GHz Wi-Fi, supports high-speed wireless communication with data rates exceeding several gigabits per second. WiGig uses the 60 GHz frequency band and utilizes advanced modulation techniques like OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) to maximize bandwidth. It is ideal for scenarios requiring high throughput, such as multimedia streaming and large data transfers within a confined space.

In enterprise deployments, wireless networks often employ WLAN controllers to manage groups of lightweight access points. This centralized management simplifies configuration and policies implementation. Technologies such as MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) are utilized to enhance wireless bandwidth by transmitting multiple data streams simultaneously, significantly improving network capacity and user experience.

Routing Protocols: OSPF and EIGRP Advances

OSPF's hierarchical architecture involves multiple steps for implementation, including defining area boundaries, configuring router IDs, and ensuring proper adjacency establishment. The router ID, which uniquely identifies each router within an OSPF domain, is selected based on the highest IP address configured on active interfaces or, if unspecified, defaults to the highest loopback address. Ensuring proper selection prevents routing conflicts and maintains an efficient routing hierarchy.

EIGRP's administrative distance (AD) determines route preference, with default values such as 90 for internal EIGRP routes, 170 for external EIGRP, and 110 for OSPF routes. The maximum-paths command in EIGRP config allows load balancing across multiple best paths, enhancing network redundancy and throughput.

Network Device Management and Security

Router storage relies on Flash memory for storing the IOS, which is essential for device booting and operation. The TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) server is commonly used for transferring IOS images, configurations, and licensing files between devices and remote servers. This facilitates efficient management and recovery operations in enterprise networks. Commands supporting MD5 authentication enhance security by encrypting routing updates and preventing malicious spoofing, thus maintaining network reliability and security.

Conclusion

The detailed exploration of protocols, hardware, and standards covered in this paper underscores the importance of comprehensive understanding for effective network design and management. Whether configuring EtherChannel for robust switch links, implementing secure OSPF routing, or deploying high-speed wireless networks like WiGig, network engineers must grasp both conceptual principles and practical commands. Additionally, security measures such as MD5 authentication and strategic device management via TFTP are crucial to protecting network integrity and ensuring operational continuity in dynamic enterprise environments.

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