What Is The Difference Between Conventional And Unconvention ✓ Solved
What is the difference between conventional and unconventional
1. What is the difference between conventional and unconventional war and which does asymmetric conflict fall under?
2. What is the "Soft Power 30"?
3. What objective categories of data are considered in arriving at the Soft Power 30?
4. Which objective category in #3 is weighted the most?
5. What country entered the top 5 of the Soft Power 30 in 2018?
6. What is the ranking of the U.S. in the Soft Power 30 of 2018?
7. What countries are ahead of/above the U.S. in the Soft Power 30 rankings?
8. What does the Correlates of War (COW) project seek to do?
9. When did the new version of Intra-State War data become available?
10. In the video regarding how asymmetric war could escalate, three reasons are given. They are miscalculation, misinterpretation, and bad judgement. The narrator says the situation would begin with small deniable attacks, but that in a climate of ___________________ and under the __________ of time, the three criteria given above have a very high chance of occurring.
11. In the scenario of question #10, would effects of such a conflict between the U.S. and Iran stay within the Iranian border and NOT affect surrounding countries? YES or NO?
12. What country is #1 in the 2020 Military Strength ratings?
13. How many aircraft carriers does it have?
14. What is its defense budget?
15. How much oil reserves does it have?
16. What countries are #2-5?
17. Which of the countries in your answer to #16 has/have more manpower than the U.S.?
18. From the Top 10 Natural Resources in the World, what is the #1 resource? What number resource is Oil?
19. In the Institute of Peace video "War By Other Means", what is the "other means" that is the subject of this 2018 video?
20. What is a state's ability to protect its interests, secrets, and citizens from external and internal threats? (Hint: vocabulary).
21. What threats in addition to military threats are included today? (Hint: there are 3, in your book).
Paper For Above Instructions
The concept of war is often categorized into two primary frameworks: conventional and unconventional warfare. Conventional warfare refers to traditional forms of conflict where opposing armies engage in battles using established military tactics and strategies, often fought on clearly defined battlefields. This type of warfare typically involves state actors and organized military forces. In contrast, unconventional warfare encompasses a broader spectrum of conflict that includes tactics such as guerrilla warfare, cyber warfare, and terrorism. Asymmetric conflicts, where one side has significantly more resources than the other, typically fall under the category of unconventional warfare due to their reliance on unconventional tactics by the weaker party to counteract the strengths of the more dominant opponent (Echevarria, 2017).
Soft Power 30 is a framework developed by the Carnegie Institute, which ranks countries based on their ability to influence others through attraction rather than coercion. This concept, coined by Joseph Nye, involves the ability of a nation to shape the preferences of others through appeal and persuasion. The Soft Power 30 considers various objective categories of data, including cultural influence, international diplomacy, and the effectiveness of communication strategies in promoting a nation's ideals (Nye, 2004). Among these categories, cultural influence is often weighted the most heavily as it reflects the nation's ability to project its values and culture globally.
In the 2018 Soft Power 30, the United Kingdom entered the top 5, showcasing its rich cultural heritage and effective diplomacy (Portland, 2018). In contrast, the United States ranked 1st in the Soft Power 30 that year, but countries like France and the United Kingdom were positioned above it (Portland, 2018). The rankings reflect not only the strength of military power but also the nuanced influence a country exerts in geopolitics.
The Correlates of War (COW) project aims to systematically collect, analyze, and disseminate data on various forms of conflict in order to understand patterns and causes of war (Sarkees, 2010). It provides researchers with detailed information about state-based wars, civil wars, and other forms of conflict. The new version of Intra-State War data became available in 2017, allowing for updated analysis of internal conflicts within states (COW, 2023).
In discussions about the escalation of asymmetric warfare, particularly in the context of U.S.-Iran relations, small deniable attacks may initiate conflicts. The narrator points out that in a climate of tension and under the pressure of time, miscalculation, misinterpretation, and bad judgement are likely to lead to larger confrontations. These dynamics highlight the unpredictability of asymmetrical warfare and the potential for regional instability as conflicts often spill over beyond the initial borders of engagement (Gindin & Vulliamy, 2020). This phenomenon is indicative of how fragile diplomatic relations can escalate into broader conflicts that involve multiple parties.
According to the Global Power Index of 2020, the United States ranks as the strongest military power globally, holding the title of #1 in military strength. It possesses 11 aircraft carriers and maintains a defense budget exceeding $700 billion (Global Firepower, 2020). Additionally, the U.S. is rich in oil reserves, which play a critical role in its military and economic strategies.
In terms of competing military powers, countries ranked #2 to #5 include Russia, China, India, and the United Kingdom. Notably, China and India have more manpower than the United States, indicating a distinct advantage in terms of troop numbers (Global Firepower, 2020). This manpower can be crucial in sustaining prolonged conflicts or effectively managing military efforts.
Among the top natural resources, freshwater stands as the #1 resource, while oil ranks third due to its critical role in the global economy and energy security (World Economic Forum, 2021). In the video "War By Other Means," produced by the Institute of Peace, the "other means" refers to the utilization of diplomacy and strategic engagement instead of traditional military actions, emphasizing the importance of negotiations and soft power in modern conflicts (USIP, 2018).
A state's ability to protect its interests, secrets, and citizens from threats—whether external or internal—is often referred to as national security. In today’s context, new threats extend beyond just military confrontations. They include economic security challenges, cyber threats, and the impacts of climate change. Each of these areas requires a multifaceted strategy to enhance national resilience against a variety of potential conflicts (Cohen & Regan, 2019).
References
- Cohen, A., & Regan, P. M. (2019). National Security in the 21st Century. Cambridge University Press.
- Echevarria, A. (2017). Unconventional Warfare: The Future of Conflict. US Army War College.
- Global Firepower. (2020). Military Strength Ranking 2020. Retrieved from https://www.globalfirepower.com.
- Gindin, J., & Vulliamy, E. (2020). Escalation: Understanding the Risks of Asymmetric Warfare. Strategic Studies Quarterly.
- Nye, J. S. (2004). Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics. PublicAffairs.
- Portland. (2018). The Soft Power 30 2018. Retrieved from https://portlandcommunications.com.
- Sarkees, M. R. (2010). COW: A New Approach to War Data. Journal of Conflict Resolution.
- USIP. (2018). War By Other Means. Retrieved from https://www.usip.org.
- World Economic Forum. (2021). Top Natural Resources in the World. Retrieved from https://www.weforum.org.
- COW (Correlates of War). (2023). Intra-State War Data. Retrieved from https://www.correlatesofwar.org.