Which Of The Following Waters Has The Highest Density? ✓ Solved
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Which of the following water has highest density?
Which of the following water has highest density?
a. Lake water at 100 °C
b. River water at 20 °C
c. River water at 0 °C
d. Lake water at 4 °C
Compare water evaporation from a natural water (e.g., a lake) with that from an evaporation pan set up nearby, which one has higher evaporation rate?
a. Natural water
b. Evaporation pan
c. About the same
d. Not comparable
Which of the following water flow form is NOT an incoming flow to a lake basin, when doing a water budget analysis?
a. Surface Runoff
b. Precipitation
c. Evaporation
d. Inflows
What gases you may NOT find dissolved in water at the bottom of ocean or lake?
a. Oxygen gas
b. Hydrogen Sulfide
c. Methane
d. Carbon Monoxide
What type of clouds usually indicates a good weather?
a. High Clouds
b. Middle Clouds
c. Low Clouds
d. Clouds always indicate bad weather
Which of the following statement is true about water molecular structure?
a. Water is alike to benzene because of the same polarity
b. Hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a water molecule are bonded together through covalent bond
c. Hydrogen bond is weaker at 4 °C than that at 100 °C
d. All above are true
Compressibility of the water is:
a. Small, but is not negligible.
b. Zero, water cannot be compressed at all.
c. Greater than that of air.
d. Totally dependent on the amount of substance that dissolves in water.
When measuring humidity with psychrometer, compare the dry bulb temperature with the wet bulb temperature when reading is stable:
a. Dry bulb temperature is high
b. Wet bulb temperature is high
c. The same
d. Depends on conditions
Which of the following crops has the highest transpiration rate?
a. Fescue grass harvested every two month during winter in Texas
b. Fescue grass harvested every two month during summer in Texas
c. Fescue grass harvested seasonally during summer in Texas
d. All about the same
What makes water unique in its properties when compared to H2S or H2Se?
a. Molecular weight
b. Hydrogen bond
c. Van Der Waal’s bond
d. None of the above
When do you expect to have highest humidity during a day?
a. Noon
b. Early morning
c. Evening
d. About the same
Which of the following conditions will affect the boiling point of water?
a. dissolved substance
b. atmospheric pressure
c. both a and b
d. neither a nor b
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a. Evaporation is a heat absorption process
b. Evaporation can be used as a wastewater disposal method
c. Evapotranspiration cannot be estimated by evaporation pan
d. Evapotranspiration is a combination of evaporation and transpiration
Which of the following tools could be used to measure the evapotranspiration?
a. Thermometer
b. Lysimeter
c. Neutron probe
d. Psychrometer
Which of the following property of water explains the mild weather in coastal area?
a. high surface tension
b. water as an universal solvent
c. high boiling point
d. high specific heat
Explain how to use evapotranspiration to dispose wastewater.
Sketch out the structure of hydrogen bond in water molecule and label a. oxygen atom, b. hydrogen atom, and c. hydrogen bond.
At 20 °C, sugar has a solubility of 203.9 g, how much water we need at minimum to dissolve 100 g sugar?
Match following terms with corresponding phenomena.
Column A
1. Surface Tension: Surface Tension
2. Capillarity: Capillarity
3. Minerals dissolve in water: Minerals dissolve in water
4. Condensation: Condensation
5. Heat Capacity: Heat Capacity
Column B
a. Water used for cooling and heating
b. Cold drink sweats in summer
c. Water level in straw is higher than that in glass
d. Outdoor statue outlines become blur
e. Water drips from faucet in spherical shape
Bonus Question List five processes that form the water cycle.
Paper For Above Instructions
Water is a vital resource essential for life and is characterized by unique properties that differentiate it from other substances. Among these properties, its density variations play a significant role in various environmental and biological processes. The density of water changes based on temperature, which is crucial when understanding aquatic environments.
In the context of the assignment question regarding which water has the highest density, the correct answer is d. Lake water at 4 °C. At this temperature, water reaches its maximum density due to the hydrogen bonding and molecular arrangement in the liquid phase. As water warms above or cools below this point, its density decreases, making this temperature a pivotal factor in aquatic ecosystems.
When comparing evaporation rates between natural water sources and evaporation pans, natural water bodies like lakes typically experience a. Natural water having a higher evaporation rate. This can be attributed to several factors including the larger surface area and the interaction of the water with the surrounding environment, which promotes more dynamic water movement and greater exposure to sunlight.
In terms of the water budget analysis for a lake basin, one must identify incoming flows. The option that is NOT an incoming flow is c. Evaporation, as it is a process where water is lost from the basin, rather than introduced to it. Surface runoff, precipitation, and inflows are factors that contribute to the water levels within the lake basin.
At the bottoms of oceans or lakes, it is common to find certain gases dissolved in water. The gases you are least likely to encounter are d. Carbon Monoxide. Oxygen gas, hydrogen sulfide, and methane can be found, especially in specific zones within the water, such as deep waters where organic decomposition occurs.
The type of clouds that indicate good weather conditions are typically a. High Clouds, which are composed of ice crystals and do not produce precipitation but suggest fair weather. In contrast, lower clouds can bring precipitation and are often associated with stormy conditions.
Understanding the molecular structure of water is crucial. A true statement about water's molecular structure is b. Hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a water molecule are bonded together through a covalent bond. This strong bond is fundamental to the unique properties of water, including its high heat capacity and surface tension.
Regarding water's compressibility, it is important to understand that water is a. Small, but is not negligible. While water is often considered incompressible in everyday situations, it does have a small degree of compressibility under extreme pressures.
When measuring humidity with a psychrometer, the dry bulb temperature is typically a. Dry bulb temperature is high if the air is dry, while it will stay closer to the wet bulb in high humidity situations.
The transpiration rates of crops can vary significantly based on climatic conditions. Among the options provided, the crop with the highest transpiration rate is likely b. Fescue grass harvested every two months during summer in Texas, as warmer conditions drive higher rates of plant water loss through transpiration.
Water's unique properties compared to substances like H2S and H2Se stem primarily from b. Hydrogen bond interactions which contribute to its high boiling point, surface tension, and specific heat.
Humidity levels are typically highest b. Early morning, as temperatures cool overnight, allowing moisture in the air to condense and increase relative humidity levels.
Factors influencing water's boiling point include c. both a and b, with the boiling point affected by dissolved substances and the atmospheric pressure.
Among the given statements, the one that is NOT true is c. Evapotranspiration cannot be estimated by evaporation pan. In fact, evaporation pans are utilized for measuring evaporation rates as part of estimating evapotranspiration.
To measure evapotranspiration, tools such as the b. Lysimeter are commonly utilized as they can quantify the amount of water consumed by plants.
Water's high specific heat explains the mild weather in coastal areas, making option d. high specific heat the correct answer. This property allows water to absorb significant amounts of heat without a large increase in temperature, thus moderating temperatures in coastal regions.
Evapotranspiration can be employed for wastewater disposal by utilizing natural processes to allow vegetation to take up and utilize water, reducing the volume of stagnant wastewater effectively.
To depict the structure of hydrogen bonds in water, one must draw an oxygen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms, illustrating the angle formed due to the hydrogen bonding which is critical to the unique properties of water.
To dissolve 100 g of sugar at 20 °C, since the solubility of sugar is 203.9 g, only a minimal quantity of water—just slightly above this threshold—is required, possibly as low as 50 mL under optimal mixing conditions.
Finally, matching terms with their corresponding phenomena reveals:
- Surface Tension: e. Water drips from faucet in spherical shape
- Capillarity: c. Water level in straw is higher than that in glass
- Minerals dissolve in water: a. Water used for cooling and heating
- Condensation: d. Outdoor statue outlines become blur
- Heat Capacity: b. Cold drink sweats in summer
Five important processes forming the water cycle include: evaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, and runoff.
References
- Gleick, P. H. (2014). The World's Water: The Biennial Report on Freshwater Resources.
- Falkenmark, M., & Rockström, J. (2013). Water Resilience for Human Prosperity. Cambridge University Press.
- Smith, A., & Smith, H. (2015). Fluid Mechanics for Environmental Engineers. Wiley.
- Fivaz, J., & Birk, M. (2016). Environmental Chemistry. Elsevier.
- Brown, L. R., & Kane, H. (2012). Plan B 4.0: Mobilizing to Save Civilization. W.W. Norton & Company.
- Van De Giesen, N., & A. C. H. (2018). Measuring Evapotranspiration: Current Strategies and Future Outlook. American Geophysical Union.
- NOAA. (2020). Climate of the United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
- WMO. (2019). Water Resources and Climate Change Adaptation: A Global Perspective. World Meteorological Organization.
- USDA. (2021). Evapotranspiration and Enhancements to Estimates of Crop Water Use. United States Department of Agriculture.
- Hillel, D. (2013). Soil in the Environment: Crucial Functions for Ecosystem Services. Academic Press.
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