Write Down Sample Nursing Diagnoses, Interventions, And Expe ✓ Solved

Write Down Sample Nursing Diagnoses Interventions And Expected

Write down sample nursing diagnoses, interventions, and expected outcomes for the following client: Elaina, 27 years old, visits a prenatal clinic to confirm a positive pregnancy test. Elaina tells the nurse that she is not married and has no support system. She also states that she is making minimum wage at a restaurant with no health insurance and cannot afford prenatal care. She intends to keep the baby and would rather not tell her partner because “they don’t have that kind of a relationship.” Elaina asks the nurse “If I take good care of myself, why do I need prenatal care?”

Explain how the fetus is affected by tobacco use during pregnancy. Keeping in mind the 2020 National Health Goals, what are some things you can do as a nurse to promote these goals and carry your ideas out into the community.

You are asked to perform an assessment of a pregnant woman and her family. Prior to the assessment, devise a list of interview questions to use to assess the woman’s readiness for parenthood and current health status as well as her goals for the pregnancy.

For each of the following QSEN competencies write a list of nursing interventions for promoting fetal and maternal health related to each competency: Patient-centered care, Teamwork and collaboration, Evidence-based practice, Quality improvement, Safety, Informatics.

List the four major hormones produced in early pregnancy. Describe what each one does.

Paper For Above Instructions

In the context of nursing care for pregnant women, it is vital to provide interventions that not only address their immediate medical needs but also their psychosocial support systems. In addressing the case of Elaina, a 27-year-old woman who has confirmed her pregnancy during a prenatal clinic visit, we can evaluate her situation through the lens of nursing diagnoses, interventions, and expected outcomes.

Nursing Diagnoses for Elaina

1. Ineffective Health Management related to lack of knowledge regarding prenatal care and insufficient socioeconomic resources. This diagnosis arises from Elaina's belief that good self-care negates the need for formal prenatal medical oversight.

2. Risk for Impaired Parenting related to absence of a support system and financial difficulties, which may hinder her ability to provide proper care for her child.

Nursing Interventions

1. Educational Intervention: The nurse can educate Elaina about the importance of prenatal care for monitoring fetal growth, detecting potential complications, and optimizing health outcomes for both mother and baby. This could involve discussions about physiological and psychological changes during pregnancy and providing resources for low-cost or free prenatal care options.

2. Support System Development: Assist Elaina in identifying community resources, such as prenatal support groups, social services, and counseling services to enhance her support network.

3. Financial Counseling: Provide information on available financial aid programs for low-income expectant mothers, including state and local resources, and guide her through the eligibility processes for Medicaid or other assistance programs.

4. Health Promotion Activities: Encourage Elaina to maintain a balanced diet, engage in safe physical activity, and reduce stress through relaxation techniques, potentially improving her overall health and pregnancy experience.

Expected Outcomes

1. Elaina will verbalize an understanding of the key benefits of regular prenatal visits by her next appointment.

2. By the end of her first trimester, Elaina will access at least one community resource or support network aimed at expectant mothers.

3. Elaina will demonstrate knowledge of nutritional guidelines and stress-reduction techniques applicable in pregnancy.

Tobacco Use Effects on the Fetus

Tobacco use during pregnancy poses significant risks to fetal development, including low birth weight, preterm delivery, and increased chances of congenital anomalies (American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 2020). Nicotine and other toxic substances in cigarettes can lead to placental abnormalities, diminished fetal oxygen supply, and metabolic disturbances. Consequently, it is imperative for nurses to promote smoking cessation programs and education about the dangers of tobacco use, aligning with the 2020 National Health Goals aimed at reducing smoking rates among pregnant women.

Nursing Interventions to Promote Health Goals

1. Provide individualized counseling about the risks of smoking and the benefits of cessation to pregnant women and their families.

2. Facilitate access to smoking cessation programs that cater specifically to pregnant women to enhance success rates.

3. Advocate for public health policies that restrict smoking in public areas, especially near schools and parks, to promote healthier environments for families.

Interview Questions for Assessment

Prior to assessing Elaina’s readiness for parenthood and her current health status, the following interview questions could be used:

• What are your main concerns about becoming a parent?
• How do you feel about your current health and wellbeing?
• What support, if any, do you have from family or friends?
• What are your goals for this pregnancy?
• How do you plan to manage work and a potential baby?
• Have you considered any prenatal education classes or resources?

QSEN Competencies and Nursing Interventions

In the framework of Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN), corresponding nursing interventions pertinent to promoting fetal and maternal health are:

Patient-Centered Care

Encourage shared decision-making and respect Elaina’s values and preferences regarding her maternity care.

Teamwork and Collaboration

Engage interdisciplinary teams including social workers and nutritionists to provide comprehensive care for Elaina.

Evidence-Based Practice

Implement evidence-based guidelines for prenatal care and education to ensure Elaina receives optimal care tailored to her needs.

Quality Improvement

Monitor outcomes of pregnant women in similar socioeconomic situations to identify gaps in care and improve service delivery.

Safety

Ensure safe practices are in place to avoid risks during Elaina’s pregnancy, including monitoring for any tobacco use effects.

Informatics

Utilize electronic health records to maintain accurate data about Elaina’s health history and to track prenatal visits and relevant interventions.

Hormones Produced in Early Pregnancy

The four major hormones produced during early pregnancy include:

• Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG): Maintains the corpus luteum and stimulates hormone production necessary for the pregnancy.
• Progesterone: Supports the uterine lining, essential for implantation and maintenance of the pregnancy, and reduces uterine contractions.
• Estrogen: Promotes uterine growth and blood flow, critical for fetal development and preparing the body for labor.
• Relaxin: Relax the ligaments in preparation for delivery and helps in the dilation of the cervix.

References

• American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2020). Tobacco and Pregnancy. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 86.
• CDC. (2021). Smoking and Tobacco Use: Protecting Women’s Health.
• World Health Organization. (2019). Guidelines for the Management of Pregnancies at Risk.
• National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (2021). Preconception Care: Recommendations.
• March of Dimes. (2019). Smoking During Pregnancy: Risks and Recommendations.
• Raising Children Network. (2020). Bringing Home Baby: What to Know.
• Journal of Nursing Practice. (2020). Integrating QSEN Competencies in Nursing Curriculum.
• Maternity Care Coalition. (2020). Fetal Health and Maternal Nutrition.
• Healthy People 2020. (2021). Maternal, Infant, and Child Health Objectives.
• American Academy of Pediatrics. (2020). Guidelines for Care of Newborns.