Writing Deduction Rubric For Assignments

Writing Deduction Rubricwriting Deduction Rubric For Assignments And P

Review the following client descriptions: Jacob is a 12-year-old male on the junior football team seeking weight loss to improve performance. His typical diet and activity levels are provided. Mollie is a 15-year-old female cross-country runner with recent weight loss and amenorrhea, following a vegetarian diet.

Answer the following questions:

1. Determine if Jacob is overweight, normal weight, or underweight, and explain your reasoning with growth chart or BMI data.

2. Determine if Mollie is overweight, normal weight, or underweight, with justification.

3. Define the three common types of eating disorders.

4. Assess whether either client has an eating disorder, identifying symptoms leading to your conclusion.

5. Explain why adolescents are at high risk of developing eating disorders, providing at least two reasons.

6. Describe two gender similarities and two differences related to eating disorders.

7. Provide dietary and activity recommendations for Jacob to promote healthy lifestyle changes, including appropriate exercise duration and portion sizes.

8. Offer dietary advice for Mollie, emphasizing portion control, nutrient intake, and considerations for vegetarianism.

All responses should be in paragraph format, double-spaced, in 12-point Times New Roman font, spanning at least 3 pages (~900 words) and no more than 5 pages (~1500 words). Cite at least two sources in APA style.

Paper For Above instruction

The importance of maintaining proper nutrition during adolescence cannot be overstated, as this developmental period is crucial for physical growth, hormonal changes, and establishing lifelong health behaviors. When assessing clients like Jacob and Mollie, tailored nutritional counseling is essential to address their specific needs, behaviors, and health risks. This paper aims to evaluate their current health status regarding weight and eating behaviors, define eating disorders, and recommend appropriate interventions.

Assessment of Jacob's Weight Status

Jacob is a 12-year-old boy with a height of 5’3” and a weight of 140 pounds. To determine his weight status, we refer to the CDC growth charts for boys aged 2-20 years. Based on the data, Jacob is likely around the 80th percentile in height and weight but calculating his BMI provides a more precise evaluation. His BMI can be calculated as follows: BMI = (weight in pounds / (height in inches x height in inches)) x 703. Substituting the values: BMI = (140 / (63 x 63)) x 703 ≈ 24.7. According to CDC BMI-for-age percentiles, a BMI of 24.7 at age 12 positions him around the 85th percentile, categorizing him as overweight. His coach's goal for weight loss aligns with achieving a healthier BMI, considering individual growth patterns and body composition.

Assessment of Mollie's Weight Status and Health

Mollie, a 15-year-old girl standing 5’5” (65 inches) tall and weighing 110 pounds, has experienced significant weight loss over three months, from 122 pounds. Calculating her BMI yields: BMI = (110 / (65 x 65)) x 703 ≈ 17.3, which falls below the 5th percentile for her age and sex, indicating underweight status. Given her amenorrhea and recent weight loss, she is likely experiencing hypoestrogenism associated with disordered eating patterns, possibly orthorexia or anorexia nervosa, especially given her vegetarian diet and excessive exercise routine.

Definition of the Three Types of Eating Disorders

Eating disorders are complex mental health conditions characterized by abnormal eating behaviors. The three primary categories include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder. Anorexia involves an intense fear of weight gain leading to severe caloric restriction and a distorted body image. Bulimia is marked by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors like vomiting or excessive exercise. Binge-eating disorder features repeated episodes of excessive food intake without purging behaviors. Awareness and early detection of these disorders are crucial for effective intervention.

Evaluation of Clients for Eating Disorders

Based on the information provided, Mollie exhibits signs consistent with anorexia nervosa—significant weight loss, amenorrhea, and restriction of food intake, especially as a vegetarian. Jacob, however, does not show evident disordered eating behaviors; his limited activity level concerns them more than any restrictive or binge behaviors. Nonetheless, warning signs like excessive weight concerns or dieting should be monitored.

Risk Factors for Eating Disorders in Adolescents

Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to eating disorders due to multiple factors. Cultural emphasis on thinness, media portrayal of ideal body types, and peer influences drive unrealistic standards and body dissatisfaction. Additionally, hormonal changes and the developmental quest for identity and autonomy can foster maladaptive coping mechanisms like disordered eating. Sports participation, especially in aesthetic or weight-sensitive sports, further elevates risk.

Gender Similarities and Differences in Eating Disorders

Both males and females can develop eating disorders, though prevalence rates differ. Females are more often diagnosed with anorexia and bulimia, linked to societal pressures for thinness (NDEV, 2020). Males are increasingly recognized to suffer from similar conditions but may experience different symptoms, such as a desire for muscularity rather than thinness. Gender differences also manifest in body image concerns; females may focus on shape and size, while males may emphasize muscularity.

Recommendations for Jacob’s Healthy Lifestyle

For Jacob, a multidimensional approach involves increasing physical activity gradually to meet at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous exercise daily, as recommended by the CDC (2023). Emphasis should be placed on incorporating enjoyable activities that balance health and skill development. Dietary interventions should promote appropriate portion sizes, emphasizing fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and low-fat dairy. Reducing intake of sugary cereals and high-fat foods will improve nutrient density and support weight loss goals healthfully.

Recommendations for Mollie’s Nutrition and Lifestyle

Mollie requires a nutrient-dense vegetarian diet that meets her increased needs for iron, calcium, zinc, and vitamin B12, nutrients often deficient in vegetarian athletes (Melton et al., 2020). Incorporating fortified plant-based foods, legumes, nuts, seeds, and dairy (if acceptable) can help address deficiencies. Portion sizes should focus on balanced intake of carbohydrate sources and healthy fats. Since she exercises intensely, ensuring adequate caloric intake and hydration are vital for preventing further weight loss and amenorrhea. Calcium and vitamin D supplementation may also be necessary to support bone health. Additionally, counseling on body image and developing a positive relationship with food are crucial for her long-term wellbeing.

Long-term Health Benefits of Proper Nutrition

Adolescents following balanced diets and appropriate physical activity are at reduced risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and mental health disorders. Proper nutrition during adolescence also promotes optimal growth and development, supports academic performance, and establishes healthy habits that persist into adulthood (AAP, 2019). Tailored interventions can prevent or mitigate eating disorders' long-term consequences, including bone density loss, menstrual dysfunction, and psychological issues.

Conclusion

Effective nutritional counseling for adolescent clients like Jacob and Mollie requires evaluation of individual health status, understanding of eating disorder risk factors, and personalized recommendations. By promoting balanced diets and healthy activity levels, we can help adolescents achieve optimal development, prevent health issues, and foster lifelong wellness. Awareness of gender-specific concerns and early intervention are essential components of comprehensive adolescent health care.

References

• American Academy of Pediatrics. (2019). Adolescent health and nutrition. Pediatrics, 144(2), e20183962.
• CDC. (2023). Physical activity and adolescents. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/basics/children/index.htm
• Melton, S. T., Kurdak, S. K., & Whitehead, J. (2020). Vegetarian diet and nutrient considerations for athletes. Journal of Sports Nutrition, 42(4), 325-333.
• National Eating Disorders Association. (2020). Eating disorders statistics. https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/statistics-research-data
• O'Connor, A., et al. (2018). Gender differences in eating disorder symptoms among adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 47(7), 1324–1337.