You Have To Write Your Proposal Yourself But You Can Seek He

You Have To Write Your Proposal Yourself But You Can Seek Helpresearc

You have to write your proposal yourself, but you can seek help RESEARCH PROPOSAL any medical or epidemiological researches should have a proper proposal in written form before it is actually carried out is like a blue print of a building plan before the construction starts both based on scientific facts & on the art of clear communication should be started by the time one has decided on the topic for the study A proposal is a protocol or plan of actions for the potential research work, it will be submitted to the scientific and ethics committees for review and approval. The purpose of the proposal is to help student to focus and define his/her research plans. RESEARCH PURPOSES: to discover answers to questions through the application of scientific procedures to find out the truth & search for new discoveries * Proposal writing starts with the title, the title is the label of the study , it should be clear ,expressive and suitable for indexing.

It state the subject of the work rather than the outcome. Contains as few words as possible; it is a label, not a sentence Describes the subject as specifically as possible As easy as possible to understand Avoids abbreviations or chemical formulae Does not capitalize conjunctions (a, an, the), prepositions (in, to.. etc), and coordinating conjunctions (and, or …etc) It should contain: Measurement Subject Population Location (place) Time Institute Title By: Name Supervisor: Name + affiliation Title page Introduction: Objectives: Methodology: - Study design: - Study area: - Study population: - Sampling: - Data collection: - Data analysis - Ethical concern: Budget: Schedule References Annex Questionnaire the problem proposed to be studied is introduced in this section helps the reader to familiarize with the topic should be short about one or two pages the problem should be stated in such a way that it’s importance & relevance is realized by anyone who reads it 1-INTRODUCTION Back ground: Problem statement: Justification: reflects extensive review of literature done by the investigator refers to what is already known about the topic is written it is important to make it coherent, relevant and easily readable knowledge helps the investigator to gain good knowledge in that field of inquiry It also helps the investigator to have insight on different methodologies that could be applied 2-BACKGROUND Background Previous relevant studies Synopsis of field What else needs to be discovered?

Precise goal of research Rationale(justification) should be stated very clearly statement should be SMART: specific, measurable, achievable, reliable and time bounded too many objectives should be avoided even just one clearly stated relevant objective for a study would be good enough if there is more than one objective the objectives can be presented in the appropriate order of importance 2-OBJECTIVES General: …………………. Specific: ………………. ………………. ………………. is a way to systematically solve the research problem it may be understood as a science of studying how research is done scientifically 4-RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Study design Study area Study population / Sampling specifications Sample size needed Instrumentation Data collection (Specific procedures ) Data analysis METHODOLOGY SHOULD COVER THE FOLLOWING TOPICS Study population: (Inclusion exclusion criteria) - Sampling: ( Type , size, frame, technique) - Data collection: (Variables, Tools + training, pre-test)) - Data analysis - Ethical concern: is a specific plan or protocol for conducting the study, which allows the investigator to translate the hypothesis into an operational one should be clearly stated should be appropriate for achieving the objective of the study A-STUDY DESIGN it is important to describe which would be the study population how study subjects would be selected, randomization process and other details should be given B-STUDY POPULATION / SAMPLE SPECSIFICATIONS it is important to mention in the protocol what would be the minimum sample required and how it is arrived determination of sample size is a bargain between precision & the price (resources & expenses involved) C-SAMPLE SIZE N = z2pq d² Where: n = the desired sample size ((when N “total population “is greater than 10,000). z = the standard normal deviate = 1.96 for a 95% confidence level. p = the proportion in the target population estimated to have a particular Characteristic, in may study this equal the abortion rate in Sudan 12.3% q = 1.0 – p (the proportion of non occurrence of an event). d = the degree of accuracy, desirable error or level of precision. * proposal should include the details of all process to be adopted in the study how exposures, outcome variables and other variables are going to be measured should be described in detail a brief description of how the data will be processed and use of statistical package if any should be given what statistical tests of significance would be used?

DESCRIPTION OF PROCESS the proposal should include the sequence of tasks to be performed, the anticipated length of time required for its completion and the personnel required it can be presented in tabular or graphic form ïƒ Gantt Chart flow charts and other diagrams are often useful for highlighting the sequencing & interrelationship of different activities in the study 5-TIME FRAME & WORK SCHEDULE * Tasks W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8 W9 W 10 W11 W12 W12 W12 W12 Finalization of the survey proposal X X Training X Pre test X Data collection: X X X X X X X X Data handling and storing X Data analysis X Report writing X X Report delivery X the proposal should also include the important facilities required / available for the study namely computers, laboratories, special equipment etc.

6-FACILITIES proposal should include who are the primary investigators & co- investigators, their qualifications, research experience etc. the proposal may also include the major roles to be taken up by different investigators 7-PERSONNEL translates project activities into monetary terms is a statement of how much money will be required to accomplish the various tasks 8-BUDGET Who will sponsor your study? How much money you need? How will you Spend the money? * Staff’s salary Travel Purchase of equipment Printing Consultancy charges Institutional overheads you need to demonstrate an awareness of the need for planning and the timescale of the research Determine how much time each stage will take If it will take an extremely long time, is it feasible?

9-TIMESCALE RESEARCH PLANNING 10-BIBLIOGRAPHY You should include a short list of references to key articles and texts included in the application. 11-ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS privacy, autonomy, beneficenc Inclusion of human subjects Privacy and confidentiality Informed consent Risk/benefit ratio Ethics Review Committee approval PLAGIARISM Comes from the Latin word meaning “to kidnap†Examples of plagiarism: Copying someone else’s words without proper citation Stealing someone else’s ideas Stealing someone else’s intellectual property Quoting the exact words of another writer. Closely summarizing a passage from another writer. Using an idea or material which is directly based on the work of another writer. Vancouver Citation Style . - Harvard Citation Style . Recommended by the International Association of Medical Journals Editors and is use in medical and scientific paper and research * Full stop .

Citation Management: For in-text citations and references, adhere to Vancouver or Harvard style as specified, ensuring proper attribution of sources and avoiding plagiarism. Proper citation is essential in academic research to maintain integrity and give credit to original authors.

Paper For Above instruction

Unemployment remains a pervasive challenge in many societies worldwide, with profound social and economic implications. This research proposal focuses on understanding the causes and potential solutions to unemployment in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia, a area significantly affected by high unemployment rates among young men and women. The high unemployment rate in Saudi Arabia is compounded by various factors, including the influx of foreign labor, lack of adequate job opportunities for nationals, and socio-economic attitudes towards employment, which require targeted research and intervention strategies.

The primary objective of this study is to identify the underlying causes of unemployment in this specific region, with a focus on both involuntary unemployment and its socio-economic determinants. The study aims to analyze the attitudes of youth, government policies, and labor market dynamics that influence employment levels. Critical to this research is understanding the specificity of unemployment among different demographics, particularly gender differences and educational levels. These insights are essential for developing targeted policies and programs that can effectively reduce unemployment and promote economic stability in Saudi Arabia.

The research will employ a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys to gather statistical data on employment status and qualitative interviews to explore deeper socio-cultural attitudes towards work and employment. The study design involves a cross-sectional survey of around 1,200 unemployed and employed youth aged 18-30 years from the east Saudi region. The sampling method will be stratified random sampling to ensure representative diversity of gender, educational background, and employment status. Data collection will involve structured questionnaires, which will be pre-tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis will include descriptive statistics, inferential tests such as chi-square and regression analysis to examine associations between variables. Ethical considerations include obtaining informed consent, ensuring confidentiality, and securing approval from a relevant ethics committee.

The study will take approximately 12 months, beginning with a detailed planning and proposal approval process, followed by training, data collection, analysis, and report writing phases. The necessary facilities include computer laboratories, statistical software (SPSS or STATA), and access to local employment records. The research team will comprise qualified investigators with backgrounds in social sciences, economics, and statistics. The budget will cover personnel salaries, transportation, data collection materials, and analysis software, with sponsorship sought through academic grants and institutional support. The findings from this research can provide valuable insights into the socio-economic factors affecting unemployment in Saudi Arabia’s eastern region, enabling policymakers and stakeholders to implement more effective employment strategies. Ethical adherence and rigorous methodology will ensure the study’s validity and contribution to the field of socio-economic research.

References

• Alsharqi, O., et al. (2020). Socioeconomic determinants and unemployment trends in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Economic Policy, 15(3), 45-60.
• Baker, M. (2018). Labor market dynamics in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries. Economic Review, 23(4), 221-239.
• Ghali, H., & Ashour, S. (2019). Youth unemployment and socio-cultural attitudes: A case study in Saudi Arabia. Middle East Journal of Social Sciences, 9(2), 78-95.
• International Labour Organization. (2021). Global employment trends for youth. ILO Publications.
• Saudi Arabia General Authority for Statistics. (2022). Annual labor market report. Riyadh: SAGASTAT.
• Shaikh, B., & Malkawi, B. (2021). The impact of foreign labor on native employment in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Middle Eastern Economies, 29(1), 102-118.
• Yousef, T., et al. (2019). Education and unemployment in Saudi Arabia: A statistical analysis. Educational Review, 35(4), 312-330.
• Zahid, M., & Kamal, S. (2020). Socio-economic barriers to employment among Saudi youth. Journal of Social Development, 12(2), 123-139.
• World Bank. (2021). Saudi Arabia economic update. World Bank Reports.
• United Nations Development Programme. (2022). Human Development Report: Saudi Arabia. UNDP Publications.