Deliverable Length: 500-750 Words For Organizations Like All

Deliverable Length 500 750 Wordsorganizations Like All Cultures Mu

Research change management models, and address the following: Describe 2–3 change management models. Using the Library and the Internet, identify a publicly held multinational company of your choice. Research its filings to the SEC, particularly the 10-K and 10-Qs. Also, examine its annual report online. You will then prepare an APA research paper including the following elements: 1. What assumptions is the financial reporting model based on? 2. What principles support the financial reporting model? 3. Who oversees the accounting profession? 4. What is the role of Congress in settling the concerns that arise with accounting firms and their clients? 5. Describe how the annual report differs from the 10-K. What is contained in the annual report that is not in the 10-K and vice versa? 6. How does the 10-K report differ in content from the 10-Q? What is the reason for the difference? 7. Describe 2 disclosures in the 10-K that were surprising or interesting to you? Why were they interesting or surprising to you? Submitting your assignment in APA format means, at a minimum, you will need the following: · Title page: Remember the running head and title in all capital letters. · Abstract: This is a summary of your paper, not an introduction. Begin writing in third-person voice. · Body: The body of your paper begins on the page following the title page and abstract page, and it must be double-spaced between paragraphs. The typeface should be 12-pt. Times Roman or 12-pt. Courier in regular black type. Do not use color, bold type, or italics except as required for APA level headings and references. The deliverable length of the body of your paper for this assignment is 3–4 pages. In-text academic citations to support your decisions and analysis are required. A variety of academic sources is encouraged. · Reference page: References that align with your in-text academic sources are listed on the final page of your paper. The references must be in APA format using appropriate spacing, hang indention, italics, and upper- and lower-case usage as appropriate for the type of resource used. Remember, the reference page is not a bibliography, but it is a further listing of the abbreviated in-text citations used in the paper. Every referenced item must have a corresponding in-text citation.

Paper For Above instruction

This comprehensive research paper aims to analyze change management models, explore the financial reporting environment of a selected multinational corporation, and understand the regulatory framework governing accounting practices. The paper begins by discussing two to three prominent change management models, followed by an in-depth case study of a chosen publicly traded multinational company utilizing reliable SEC filings and annual reports.

Change Management Models

Recognized models such as Kurt Lewin’s Change Management Model, Kotter’s 8-Step Change Model, and the ADKAR model provide structured approaches for organizational change.

Kurt Lewin’s model conceptualizes change as a three-stage process: unfreezing, changing, and refreezing. It emphasizes preparing the organization for change, implementing new processes, and solidifying these changes (Burnes, 2017).

John Kotter’s model expands upon Lewin’s framework with eight specific steps, including establishing a sense of urgency, forming powerful coalitions, creating and communicating a vision, empowering action, and anchoring new approaches in the culture (Kotter, 1995).

The ADKAR model focuses on individual change and outlines five building blocks—Awareness, Desire, Knowledge, Ability, and Reinforcement—that facilitate organizational transformations from a human perspective (Hiatt, 2006).

Company Selection and Financial Environment

For this analysis, the multinational corporation selected is Apple Inc. Its filings to the SEC, including the Form 10-K, 10-Qs, and annual reports, are publicly accessible through EDGAR and Apple’s investor relations website.

Understanding Apple’s financial reporting involves examining its assumptions, principles, oversight mechanisms, and disclosures to comprehend the organization’s transparency and regulatory compliance.

Assumptions and Principles of Financial Reporting

The financial reporting model is primarily based on assumptions such as economic entity, monetary unit, time period, and periodicity. These assumptions underpin the consistent application of financial information for stakeholders (FASB, 2020). Additionally, principles like relevance, faithful representation, comparability, verifiability, timeliness, and understandability form the core supporting the reporting model (FASB, 2020).

Oversight of the Accounting Profession and Congressional Role

The accounting profession is overseen by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), which establishes accounting standards in collaboration with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) (FASB, 2020). The Securities and Exchange Commission enforces securities laws and has authority over financial disclosures (SEC, 2021).

Congress plays a fundamental role through legislative acts such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which aimed to improve corporate governance and restore investor confidence by implementing stricter oversight and public company accounting reform (U.S. Congress, 2002).

Differences Between the Annual Report and 10-K

The annual report provides a narrative overview, including management’s discussion and analysis, social responsibility initiatives, and detailed qualitative information, often with colorful visuals. Conversely, the 10-K is a comprehensive, legalistic document focused on detailed financial data, risk factors, and audited financial statements.

While the annual report aims to communicate a compelling story and holistic view, the 10-K emphasizes compliance, disclosure, and detailed quantitative data.

Differences Between 10-K and 10-Q

The 10-K is an annual report offering a broad overview of the company’s financial condition and operations, audited and more comprehensive, while the 10-Q is filed quarterly, providing unaudited interim financial data. The 10-Q reflects the company’s latest financial position but lacks the detailed disclosures of the 10-K.

The main reason for this difference is the regulatory requirement for timely, regular updates versus comprehensive annual filings, allowing investors to monitor ongoing performance continuously.

Surprising Disclosures in the 10-K

In analyzing Apple’s 10-K, two disclosures stood out: first, the extensive details about supply chain risks, including geopolitical factors such as tariffs and trade restrictions, which reveal the vulnerabilities and strategic considerations of the company (Apple Inc., 2023). Second, the disclosure of legal contingencies related to intellectual property disputes emphasized the importance of legal factors in technology firms and their potential financial impact (Apple Inc., 2023).

These disclosures were surprising because of their depth and clarity, highlighting transparency in areas often considered complex or sensitive.

Conclusion

This paper underscores the importance of effective change management models in navigating organizational growth and transformation. It also elucidates the critical components of financial reporting, oversight, and regulatory practices, providing insights into the corporate transparency and accountability mechanisms paramount in today’s complex business environment.

References

• Burnes, B. (2017). Kurt Lewin: Theories of Change. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 30(2), 253-260.
• Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). (2020). Framework for Financial Reporting. FASB. https://www.fasb.org
• Hiatt, J. (2006). ADKAR: A model for change in business, government, and our community. Prosci Research.
• Kotter, J. P. (1995). Leading change: Why transformation efforts fail. Harvard Business Review, 73(2), 59-67.
• SEC. (2021). Guide to the SEC and the SEC’s Role in Company Oversight. Securities and Exchange Commission. https://www.sec.gov
• U.S. Congress. (2002). Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Public Law No: 107-204.
• Apple Inc. (2023). Form 10-K Annual Report. Retrieved from https://investor.apple.com
• Apple Inc. (2023). Form 10-Q Quarterly Reports. Retrieved from https://investor.apple.com
• Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). (2020). Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts No. 8. https://www.fasb.org
• U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. (2021). Financial Reporting Manual. https://www.sec.gov